R. Chidambaram *
Principal Scientific Adviser to GOI & DAE-Homi
Bhabha Professor
&
P.S.Dhekne
Raja Ramanna Fellow, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
* Keynote talk in the Internet 2 Spring Meeting, Arlington, Virginia,
USA, 23 April, 2012
Outline
 History of Networking in India
 Grid Computing (LHC Grid and GARUDA Grid)
 Eu-IndiaGrid
 Emergence of National Knowledge Network
 e-Research and e-Science
 International Links
 Virtual Research Communities
 Summary
2
The EU-IndiaGrid Project Joining European
and Indian grids for e-science
• Two year project started from Oct 2006 with BUDGET
of 1208 k-EUR total fund out of which 1015.9 k-EUR
from European Commission (5 Europe & 8 Indian partners)
• Partners
• INFN, ICTP, Cambridge Univerity, Gerr, Metaware
• BARC, TIFR, VECC, SINP, C-DAC, ERNET, NCBS, Pune
Univ
• GEANT- India Link 45 Mbps, soon raised to 100 – 175 Mbps and
then to 2.5 Gbps through Trans Eurasia Info Network - 3
3
e-Science & e-Research
Cooperation with Global Virtual Research Communities (GVRCs)
through projects like LHC Grid & EU-IndiaGrid gave India much
needed impetus for creating an e-infrastructure within the country.
The cooperation has been enhanced by two closely related EU-funded
projects – EU-IndiaGrid2 and CHAIN.
The World wide LHC computing Grid(WLCG) of CERN has also
brought together India and the U.S through, e.g., the CMS Tier 2
Grid centre(now migrated to NKN) at TIFR and the CMS Tier 1
Centre at Fermilab. The data received by the latter is further
distributed to Tier-2 and Tier-3 centres in the U.S. through the Esnet
and Internet2.
We would also like to harmonise the e-research infrastructures of
India and the US
Large Hadron Collider Computing Grid (LCG)
• More than 140 computing
centres
• 12 large centres for primary
data management: CERN
(Tier-0) and eleven Tier-1s
• 38 federations of smaller Tier2 centres
• India – BARC, TIFR, VECC
• Relies on European (EGEE)
and Open Science Grid of
U.S(OSG) Grid Infrastructure
5
National Grid: Garuda by C-DAC
•
•
•
The Proof of Concept of GARUDA
was established in collaboration with
ERNET
Uses GT4, scheduler, monitoring
tools
Collaborative environment enabled
through Video Conferencing over IP
at the following centres of C-DAC :
Bangalore,
Pune,
Chennai,
Hyderabad,
Mumbai
and
Trivandrum
This project passed successfully from proof-of concept to foundation
phase and now a phase 3 (Grid Technology services for operational
phase of Garuda) has been approved. Major locations of Garuda
migrated to NKN.
6
Emergence of NKN
NKN is a state-of-the-art multi-gigabit pan-India network: www.nkn.in
Idea of setting
NKN was
finalized at the
Office of PSA &
NKC.
NIC working as
the Project
Execution
Agency
Connect R & D,
educational,
health, agri,
labs institutes
etc..
1500+ institutes
in final phase
GoI approved a
budget of INR 5990
crores for NKN in
March, 2010
►9th
April 2009:
President of
India
Inaugurated the
NKN Project.
►
16 PoP
►
26 Backbone Links
►
57 Edge Links
►
100 Crores allocated
in 2008 budget
►
Completed in ¾ year
►5th
March,
2011: Launched
the Logo &
Website of NKN
► 27
PoP
► 76 Backbone Links
► 216 Edge Links
NKN Project Management
High Level Com
Dr. R.Chidambaram, PSA to GOI
DIT
TAC
Policy
Prof S.V.Raghavan
Implementing Agency
Grid Appln Com
NIC
Dr. B.K.Gairola, DG, NIC
Climate Change, HEP, Bio,
Agriculture, S&T
Prof P.S.Dhekne
Security Adv Imp Com
G.P.Srivastava
NKN - PIU
R.S.Mani, Project Director
e_Gov Com
Dr. B.K.Gairola
NICSI
Model Projects Eval Com
Prof S.V.Raghavan
NKN Topology
7 Supercore
locations pan India with fully
meshed
Multi-10
Gbps
connectivity and 24 Core
locations having Multi-10 Gbps
partially meshed connectivity
with Supercore locations. Will
be raised to 40/100 Gbps as
demand rises
The distribution layer connects to
the core of the network using
multiple links at speeds of 2.5 /
10 Gbps.
The
Core:
The Edge networks
are having connectivity
upto a speed of 1 Gbps.
National Knowledge Network
On Conclusion of Final Phase
►
►
►
►
31 PoP
89 Backbone Links
1500 Edge Links
More than 774
connections by April
2012
Aims to connect all
Knowledge Institutions in
India through a high-speed
all-optical fibre low-latency
network
Regional and International
Research Collaboration can
be enhanced by connecting
such Knowledge Networks
NKN-like Networks needed
for Sustainable Development
Courtesy: R.S. Mani, NIC
NKN APPLICATIONS
High Energy Physics
NKN e-Classroom
NKN Webcasting
NK
N
Climate Change
Remote Experiment
Engineering Research Collaboration: Complex Systems from Nuclear to orthodontics (Collab CAD platform)
Crystallography experiments with the remote access & control of experimental facility (a
beamline within the ESRF Synchrotron) in Grenoble, France directly from Mumbai, India
Virtual
Lab via
NKN
*ESRF (FIP), Grenoble,
France
HBNI, Mumbai
X-Ray Diffraction
Pattern
Atomic level Structure
Data Bases
Drug- resistant HIV -1
Protease Enzyme
Organic Synthesis
A Laboratory without walls
*There are more than a dozen such labs available for remote operation, out of which 6 labs are in USA
Support specific user communities:
Climate Change
RegCM3
Exp-0
Exp-15
ROMS
Climate Change
prediction of the Indian summer
monsoon
(Cross-fertilization of Information Technology and Neuroscience)
The project envisages linking, through a Grid-based einfrastructure (NKN and CANARIE), Indian Medical
Imaging Centres and Canadian Medical Imaging Centres
through two hubs: National Brain Rsearch Centre, NCR
Delhi and Montreal Neurological Institute McGill
University, Montreal – with special reference to epilepsy,
stroke, brain tumours and dementia.
C – Brain
I - Brain
Global Brain
www.nkn.in