Current Development of
Information Technology (IT) and
its importance for the teachers
TEACHING METHODOLOGY
STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
university of sabaragamuwa
beihuloya
Sri Lanka
28th MARCH 2012
Christie Alwis
BSc (Eng) Hons (SL), MIET , C. Eng (Lond), FIESL (SL), MICE (SL)
Visiting lecturer in communication to university of Sri Lanka Moratuwa & Sabaragamuwa
Former Chief Network officer SLT
Consulting Engineer
TEACHING METHODS
• BASIC
• CONFUSED
• WHICH METHOD ARE WE USED TO?
• WHAT WE WILL SEE TODAY?
• GLOBAL VILLEGE
A house has 3 different Communication Types
Voice
Land Phone
Video
Data
IP/TV
Internet
Mobile
Free TV (Antenna)
Cable TV
Radio
Satellite TV
E-mail
Who are the service providers in Sri Lanka?
Cable TV
Free TV (Antenna)
IP/TV
Satellite TV
Mobile
Radio
Internet
E-mail
Land Phone
Who are the service providers in Sri Lanka?
Cable TV
Free TV (Antenna)
IP/TV
Total = 4
Satellite TV
Mobile
Total = 7
Radio
Internet
Total = 42
E-mail
Land Phone
Who are the service providers?
Cable TV
Free TV (Antenna)
IP/TV
Satellite TV
Mobile
Radio
Internet
E-mail
Land Phone
IN THE SOCIETY WHAT WE CAN SEE
TODAY?
• GLOBAL WARMING
• ECCONOMIC RECCESSIONS
• UNREST MOVING FROM 3RD WORLD TO
DEVELOP COUNTRIES
• UNIVERSITY UNREST
• BRIBERY & CORRUPTIONS
CHANGING NATURE OF
HUMANS....
• CELLS OF OUR BODY IS EVERYDAY CHANGING
• After 7 years you are a different person after
completely changes your cells
• WAY OF LIVING OF PEOPLE CHANGES.
• Your grandfathers dog is same to your dog at
home today. But you are different to your
grand father. Today you use cell phones, pen
drives, internet, emails, unlike your grand
father
• HOW THE HUMAN PARADIGM SHIFTED?
Revolution Type
• Agricultural Revolution
• Industrial revolution
Past
• Communication revolution
Present
• Transportation Revolution
• Energy Revolution
Future
Way of Living of People Changes..,
Yesterday we travel in Bullock Cart. Today Bullock Cart are not use for traveling. Today we use
motor vehicle. Tomorrow we might use Helicopter.
Past
Present
Agricultural Revolution Communication Revolution
(All people using
Industrial revolution
telephones, Internet Email,
storage devices like pen
drive)
Future
What we can observe in ‘FUTURE’?
You Like to go to Astrologer !
NO!
Transport Revolution
Energy Revolution
Living Paradigm is Changing for more efficient life
• Efficiency = The resources needed to do a job according to your mind set
Efficiency=
Actual resources you used according to Present Day Technology
•
•
•
•
If you’re mind is set for the old revolution definitely your efficiency will not match for the present era( you will be
inefficient without your knowledge),then your productivity and effectiveness will be lower.
Ex: If you’re mind is set before the industrial revolution you might think you need 5 days to go from Negombo to
Colombo by a bullock cart. But if you use a car ,you can go with in 1 hour.
Hence the efficiency in this case will be:
Efficiency = 5*24/1=168
Are you afraid of Internet and Email? Is it against your thinking pattern?
What is your Mindset?
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TO
WHOM?
• HUMANS
• HUMANS WHAT ARE THE RESULTS?
• TECHNOLOGY FIRST FLOWING TO
MATURED/AFFORDABLE PEOPLE THEN TO
CHILDREN
IS HUMAN AN ANIMAL?
Basic Difference between Human & Animal
Bull cannot tie itself to a cart.
Even if it is connected to the
cart it can not ride itself
without a Human
Animals’ task will be converted
for a Purpose by Human
Animal can do a Task,
but without a purpose
BUT
Human will do a task
for a purpose
Can Animal become a Human in this birth? No
But Human can become Animal in this birth
HOW?
If the Purpose
is Bad
The human will behave
worst than animal.
Which organ in our body will identify whether
the purpose is good or bad? Conscious
Mind + Freewill
is Good/noble
Development of your
conscious to lead a
happy life, you need
to follow a religion.
the human will
become More human or God.
Human is Wisest of all Living Beings… HOW?
3 Categories of living Beings
But human needs one more?
Basic needs for them
Fire
Trees Animals Human
Beings
Earth
Water
Air
Is Sex,shelter,clothes are basic needs?
What is the characteristic of Fire?
No,without that we’ll not die
A Good Meal or Kill a person
Important organs
Animals
Heart,Brain
SunLight Food
What is the function of the MIND?
Humans
It is a Thought Factory You will form your truth
Heart,Brain + Mind
Heart=Power Supply
Does the computer have Heart,Brain,Mind?
Brain=Processor
Mind=Software
Is human equal to a computer? You will do from your free will what is good for You
No , humans in additon
have a free will
Conscious is the only organ in your
body which cannot be destroyed by
anybody
(Your ability to take a choice)
No
Freewill
Yes
Some religions says conscious is
travelling from one birth to another
with ending nivana or heaven
Conscious is the combination of
mind & free will
We should know how
to develop our own
conscious
Is computers are superior to animals or equal to
humans?
HUMAN
HEART
BRAIN
MIND
TRUTH
FREE WILL
COMPUTER
POWER SUPPLY
CPU
SOFTWARE
PROGRAMMING
ANIMAL
HEART
BRAIN
INSTINC
Human Beings
Many Religions says to become a Human Beings, many births will
take place. Also Human being is much superior to other living being
in the world such as animal an trees. A human being can easily go
towards animal mentally if he is not properly trained. But animal to
become a Human, either it impossible or difficult through out their
‘Sasara’.
Very Easily.., May be in
same birth
Very Difficult., ‘Kalpa’
years will take place
By Developing
Animal Qualities
By Developing
Human Qualities
We should strive to keep the human qualities
WHERE WE ARE LIVING &
CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN BEINGS!
• EARTH & HOW PEOPLE WORK
• We follow the greogorian calender(Every 4 years, a leap year, every
100 years there is no leap year except every 400 years)
• CONCEPT OF A WEEK?
• CONCEPT OF YOUR EXISTANCE
• You cannot decide from which parents you can come to this world,
neither your parent cannot change the sex ). THEN WHO DECIDED?
DIFFERENT ANSWERS FROM RELIGIONS!
THE IMPACT OF CREATION TO THE WAY OF LIVING?
AIM OF EVERY RELIGION? NOT TO ALLOW HUMAN TO BEHAVE LIKE AN
ANIMAL
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GOVERNMENT LAW AND RELIGIOUS LAW?
HOW I CAME (THEOLOGY)
WHY I AM LIVING (PHILOSOPHY)
WHY IT IS HAPPENING( SCIENCE)
• THE RELEGIONS WILL ANALYSE THE ABOVE
ASPECTS IN DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES GUIDING
ALL THE HUMANS TO LEAD THEIR LIFE HAPPILY
Love another is Basic Concept of all Religions in the World
1.
2.
3.
4.
Every Religions in the World give a basic message to love another human being
Certain Religions tells to extend the love unconditionally - Christian/Buddhism.
And certain Religion extend this Love Conditionally.
Pardon
Basic actions that need to carryout Christianity
ing
Uncon
ditional
Love
Developin
g
Abilities
Buddhism
Conditi
onal
Islam
4
Gospel
No
Judging
8 fold
noble
path
Not
Greedy
No
Anger
No
foolishne
ss
Basic Principles of a Religion
All religions are good. Only difference is concept each believer is
assuming about the existence of the human life today/buddism thinks
that rebirths/while most of the other religions think that life is created
by God/all most all religions advocate the loving of another human being
PURPOSE OF LIVING?
• ARE WE HAPPY?
• YES?
• PERSENALISATION: THE ETHICAL PHILOSOPY THAT
CENTRED ON THE PERSON AS HAVING INTRINSIC
VALUE JUST BY BEING OR EXISTING. ACCORDINGLY
ONLY PERSONWS ARE HAVING FREE WILL. ONLY
PERSONS CAN PERFORM MORAL ACTS, WHICH ARE
EITHER GOOD OR EVIL. PERSON HOOD IS
RELATIONAL,SO PERSON NEED TO RELATE TO OTHER
PERSONS. IT IS THE REASON WE FORM
FRIENDSHIPS,ROMANCE,MARRIGES, FAMILIES AND
SOCIETIES!
ARE WE HAPPY?
• STORY ABOUT 3 FRIENDS IN THE 45 TH FLOOR
IN A HOTEL AT NEWYORK
• STORY ABOUT THE CREATION OF LIVING
BEINGS
• ARE WE GOING TOWARDS HAPPINESS?
• W2HAT ARE THE MAJOR PROBLEMS?
HAPPINESS
• When I was 5 years old, my mother always
told me that HAPPINESS was key to life. When
I went to school they basked me what I
wanted to be when I grew up. I wrote down
HAPPY. They told me I didnot understand the
assignment, and I told them they didnot
understand the LIFE.
ALL RELEGIONS ADVOCATE TO LEAD THE LIFE
WITH GOOD PURPOSES BUT IN SRILANKA?
• AN ACTION OF A HUMAN MAY BE FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES.
• WHAT WE LEARN FROM HOME
Cheating
Unnecessary judging
Undue worship
towards elders
ARE WE PROACTIVE?
• A PERSON CAN BE INACTIVE OR REACTIVE OR
PROACTIVE
• SRILANKANS?
• SINGAPORE?
• EUROPE?
• SOUTH EAST ASIA?
• LET US ANALYSE OUR COUNTRY
• AFTER THE KING PARAKRAMA BAHU THE 6 TH,
NO KING HAS RULED SRILANKA AS A
WHOLE!(JUST BEFORE 1500A.D)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Sri Lanka is situated in a prominent
1505 - Portuguese
place
1650 - Dutch
1815 - British
1948 – We got independence
1950 - Our GDP was better than Singapore & India
1960 – Our GDP was comparable to Singapore and better
than India (SL GDP US$1300, Singapore US$ 2310)
• 1977 – Our GDP was very much lower than Singapore &
Korea (Singapore US$ 9058, Sri Lanka US$ 1500)
• We haven’t synchronic technological advancement into our
country.
Before 1960 Ship Transportation
Aero plan
Paradigm change
WHAT ARE THE PRESENT DAY
TECHNOLOGY
• COMPUTERS + COMMUNICATIONS
• COMPUTERS DOUBLE THE PROCESSING
CAPACITY AND SHRINKED TO ½ THE SIZE IN
EVERY 4 YEARS
• COMMUNICATIONS – USE OF OPTICAL FIBRES
• MULTIPLEXING TECHNEQUES
• RADIO TECHNOLOGY- LONG TERM
EVOLUTIONS
SIZE OF THE FIBRE
• Optical fibre is often compared with human
hair. A well made optical fibre is much smaller
than a human hair.
SEA-ME-WE 4 Cable System Configuration
Diagram
What is Optical Fibre?
An optical fibre consists 3 different parts.
– Core
– Cladding
– Buffer Coating
Basic Theory :
Light has to be confined to the core so that the digital
signal can be transmitted from one place to another
through light.
Basic Elements of the Optical Fibre System :
ELECTRICITY
LIGHT
Transmitter
LED/Laser
Light
Source
Light
Source
ELECTRICITY
Receiver
Glass Fibre
Avalanche Photo
Diode
Basic Theorems behind Optical Fibre (b)
• Critical Angle & Total Internal Reflection
Medium 2
n2
Φ2
Medium 1
n1
ΦC
• According to the increase
of the angle of incidence,
the angle of refraction
increases.
Φ1
Total Internal Reflection
• When the refraction angle reaches 90°, there is no refraction and the
incident angle reaches its critical angle (ΦC)
• When incident angle reaches the critical angle, there is no refraction.
• Beyond the critical angle, light ray becomes totally internally reflected .
What we see today
What are the communication types we experience ?
Public and personal recent changes
Public from newspapers, books, radio to internet, TV
Personal from letters, fixed telephones to e mail and
mobile telephones
Major revolution using one terminal a big TV screen at home for public &
personal communication, one mobile terminal for personal (like black berry) to be used
to store all your data, and be able to communicate with public and personal both
Hybrid Communication, now used mainly for entertainment (Mega
shows)and will push further for education and religion
What next, Today triple play will include the smell
Further research on identifying terrorists
Communication Types
Personal Communication
Interactive
You need Bi-Directional
Transmission
Land Phone
Delayed Interactive
Public Communication
Free TVInternetCable TV
You need only uni-Directional
Transmission
Mobile
E-mail
Satellite TV
Radio
IP/TV
Sub-core Elements
MSAN
BroadBand
Studio / Service provision
Core Element
Soft Switch / Switches
Domestic Transport Network
International
Transport
Network
International Gateway
A house got 3 different Communication Types
Video
Voice
How it access home?
Land Phone
Voice
Mobile
Free TV (Antenna)
Wireless
Cable TV
Wire
Data
Internet
Satellite TV
E-mail
Wireless
Data
Wireless
Wire or Wireless
Wire
Video
A Converge Network
THE SEGMENT OF THE PEOPLE THE
TECHNOLOGY REACHED
• UPTO 2000 YEARS, THE TECHNOLOGICAL
ADVANCEMENT WAS REACHED FIRST TO RICH
MATURED PEOPLE.
• RICH MEANS THEY WERE AFFORD TO BY THE
TECHNOLOGY!
• THE LAST COMMODITY CAME WAS THE LAND
LINE TELEPHONE
• THEN WHAT HAPPEND?
TOP DOWN APPROACH
• AFTER 2000 AD, CHILDREN FIRST GOT THE T5ECHNOLOGY
BECAUSE IT WAS CHEAP
• MATURED PEOPLE WRER LACKING ON THE TECHNOLOGY/
THEY HAVE TO DEPEND ON THE CHILDREN
• CHILDREN BECAME MORE EFFICIENT IN THEIR ACTIVITIES!
• CHILDREN HAVE MORE TIME NOTHING TO DO
• PARENTS WERE BUSY ON EARNING MONEY, FEEDING
CHILDREN
• CHILDREN WENT TO PHONOGRAPHY THEN TO NARCOTICS
• SINCE THEY DONOT HAVE MONEY, MOST OF T5HEM
RUINEDE THEIR LIFE!
• How to address this situation
Under this scenario what is our duty?
•
•
•
•
First we have to be energetic
We have to know how to express very clearly
The power of language
Using the latest cheap technology for the
student to climb up the ladder of knowledge
• Use of the computers, for their day to
activitees
• Use of computer programming
The Value of Energy
Hell is full of TALENTED people, while Heaven is full
of ENERGETIC people!
Talents
Energy
Happiness
Health
Efficient
Practice:
JOY/HAPPINESS/WISDOM, ALWAYS YOU HAVE TO BE ENERGETIC TO
ENJOY LIFE
The impact of technology for day to
day life of human
• When we die no space or time is a matter for us!
• Today the technology use pico seconds or
anstoms, to measure the time and length
• Sec or a meter is no longer a small parameter. It
has become unlike the old days
• Optical fibres can carry million of data.
• Optical fibre will reach your home in few years
time
• Cost/bit is very low. The world is changing to next
generation networks!
NATIONAL BACK BORN NETWORK OF
SRILANKA
Overall benefits of NGN network to Sri Lanka
Quicker we embark on NGN quicker Sri lanka become the hub of the South Asia
SOCIETY
•
•
•
•
•
ECONOMY
E-learning
E-health
E-business
E-government
E-homes
ENVIRONMENT
•
•
•
•
Creation of innovative business
(BPO)
Creation of Jobs
Savings on Health/Education
•
Savings on Transport
•
Reduction in power
consumption from NGN
Equipment
Reduction in
unnecessary travelling
NGN SERVICES
Devices have made significant gains from 1998…
Analog cell phones were still widely
used
Casio’s new digital camera featured
1024 x 768 resolution
The Powerbook G3 had a 300Mhz
processor, zip drive and a 5.0 GB
hard drive
The most prevalent internet
connection was a 56kbps dialup
modem
Stacked hard drives afforded
computer users ample space
to store files
Wi-Fi was still in its infancy
The first commercial
bluetooth products
began coming out only
in 1998
The Walkman combined the ability
to listen to tapes and the radio onthe-go
GPS products were still
in their infancy
Sony released their concept flatscreen model TV in 1998
DVDs were beginning to overtake
VHS tapes but many families began
purchasing dual-mode players
... all of which can now be incorporated into one device
The iPhone operates on the new 3G
networks
The iPhone features a 2.0
megapixel camera
The iPhone uses a 667Mhz
processor, more than
double top 1998 processing
speeds
The 3G network has maximum
download speeds of 7.2 Mbps
With a 16 GB capacity, there
is roughly triple the hard
drive space than most
desktops in 1998
The iPhone automatically
connects to the nearest
WiFi station
Bluetooth is now
ubiquitous in cell phones
and is present in some
vehicles
Roughly 360 albums can be
Held on the iPhone
The iPhone can overlay
satellite images onto the
users coordinates
The iPhone has 3.5 inch
Widescreen multi-touch display
YouTube, along with multiple forms
of video, can be viewed on the
iPhone
IMPACT OF CONVERGENCE
STRUCTURE OF CONVERGED MEDIA &
COMMUNICATION NETWORK
Power Line Communication System
Power Line Communication System