Country Experience :
Sustainable Consumption and Production of Thailand
….Contributes to Green Growth : A Path of Good Governance Seminar
29 March-1 April 2010, Seoul, Korea
Wilasinee Poonuchaphai
German Technical Cooperation (GTZ)
page 1
Getting SCP Process Started:
• Thailand’s Strategies on SCP have been developed to accommodate the 10th National
Economic and Social Development Plan
• The plan follows H.M. King Bhumipol’s philosophy on sustainable development via
sufficiency.
• To achieve the ultimate goal of sustainable development, specific strategies, road maps
and work plans are required. SCP has been developed in conjunctions with other national
strategies to ensure the success of 10th Plan implementation.
• The National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) is responsible for
formulating, implementing, and evaluating national plans and strategies.
• SCP identifies implementing agencies which are responsible for developing road maps and
detailed work plans. NESDB then acts as SCP coordinator
• SCP indicators and performance evaluation criteria have been designed
 1992, Thailand set up the Ministry of Science Technology andEnvironment, which
later changed its name to Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, was
responsible for Agenda 21
 Main activity was to promote Sustainable Production by promoting Cleaner
Technologies. After the Johannesburg Declaration on SustainableDevelopment,
 Competitiveness andSustainable Development Promotion Committee appointed
by cabinet.
 In2004, the committee initiated the green government procurement policy to
promote production and consumption of environmental friendly products or
“green products”.
Thailand’s SCP Development process
Thailand case I : Standard and Green Labeling
• The Thai Green Label Scheme was initiated by the Thailand Business Council for
Sustainable Development (TBCSD)
• Launched in August 1994 by Thailand Environment Institute (TEI) in association with the
Ministry of Industry.
• Green Label is an environmental certification awarded to specific products that are shown
to have minimum detrimental impact on the environment in comparison with other products
serving the same function.
• The Thai Green Label Scheme applies to products and services, not including foods,
drinks, and pharmaceuticals.
• Participation in the scheme is voluntary
Objectives:
 To provide reliable information and guide customers in their
choice of products
 To create an opportunity for
environmentally conscious decision
consumers
to
make
an
 To reduce environmental impacts which may occur during
manufacturing, utilization, consumption and disposal of products.
Criteria Development :
 An environmental assessment of the product using life cycle consideration,
taking into account all aspects of environmental protection.
 Solving specific issues of high political priority, e.g. reduction of waste
production, and minimization of energy and water consumption.
 Capability to meet proposed criteria with reasonable process modification
and/or improvement.
 Possession of appropriate test methods.
 Thai Green Label criteria for 39 categories (11 categories are under the
study)
 Participation in the scheme is voluntary and there are 30 companies
have been awarded the Green Label certification at this time
Remark : Campaigning CFL measure
 Thailand has been promoting Compact Florescence Lamp (CFL): Energy
efficiency No.5 more 10 years, initiated by Electricity Generating
Authority of Thailand (EGAT)
In year 2007, it estimated that 3 million CFL have been replaced
Reducing electricity consumption 1,500 million
unit/year
25 Watt CFL
Cost saving 4,500 million BHT/year
Saving 1,574 BHT
Reducing electricity demand 300
MegaWATT/year
CO2 reduction 700,000 Tons/year
(equivalent to 240,00 car/year)
(49 US Dollas)
Measure for campaigning CFL ; Energy Effi No 5
 Advertisement through all media
 Distributing free 800,000 CFL throughout Thailand
 Cooperating with private CFL producers to develop the
market mechanism of CFL e.g. price incentive
 Joint implementation with distributors, retailers or other
trade channel e.g. 7-11 for distributing CFL
Other labeling scheme : Carbon Footprint
• Thailand Greenhouse Management Organization is promoting the carbon footprint in
order to support the Thai industrial sector in implementing the low carbon trend..
• The use of a carbon footprint on Thai products should increase the competitiveness of Thai
industries in the world market
• The carbon footprint takes into account the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions from each
production unit for the whole life cycle of a particular product.
• So far, 20 producers (20 products) applied to the first commitment period (April 2009 to October
2009)
• A training courses on data collection and calculation of the carbon footprint will be supported by
National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Thailand (MTEC) and National Science
and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) as well as LCA experts from universities.
National LCI database
Other labeling
Thailand case III : Bio Gas
• UASB and fixed-dome are most popular technology in
Thailand
• EPPO has provided subsidy continuously for nearly 15 years
Energy aspects
 Reflect to renewable energy policy
 Reducing energy import from outside country
Enviromental aspects
 Reducing waste water pollution
 Reducing Methane gas emssion (CH4)
Social aspects
 Reducing odor, air, waste water pollution
 Composting fertilizer
Year 2006
Number of pig 7.15 million
Waste Water capacity 76 Million m3 /year
Bio gas capacity 291 Million m3 /year
Equivalent to (per year)






Fuel oil
Diesel
benzene
LPG
Electricity
Wood
160
175
195
134
407
436
Mil Littre
Mil Littre
Mil Littre
Mil. Kg.
Mil kWh
Mil Kg.
Biogas pool project at Sobsa Village
The main biogas
pipeline
connected to
digester
Benefit :
• For household, the saving of LPG is
around US$ 2,948.40 (US$
70.20 per household)
• For the farm, the saving is around
US$ 386.66 or 991.43kg.
• Intangible benefit : pathogen
control, odour and air pollution,
and water pollution prevention,
The main biogas pipeline
belong to main street of village
Sub-pipeline connected to
household
Potential of Bio Gas production : Industrial sector
Done
Categories
Amount
Capacity
(Mi.m3 /Year)
Amount
On process
Amount
34
Capacity
(Mi.m3
/Year)
109
Starch Industry
69
308
35
Capacity
(Mi.m3
/Year)
199
Alcohol, Liquor, Beer
39
90
23
15
16
76
Frozen Food
52
21
10
2
50
19
Canned Food
45
14
7
2
43
12
Butchery
2,997
0.67
11
0.21
2986
0.46
Palm Oil
58
86
5
2
53
84
3,260
519
91
220
3,192
299
Total
Year 2006
Weakest points for SCP implementation
 Implementation is ad hoc and project based
 There are many line ministries / departments involved but
coordination has not been built in place
 The existing projects of line agencies are more on SP, with
limited actions on SC)
 The outcome is rather slow
 No feedback system
Future planning and implementation of concerted
SCP
 Institutional framework and in particular coordination need to be
strengthened (strengthening, coordination)
 Regulatory framework must be updated (updates of relevant Laws and
regulations)
 Capacity building (training/education) & Awareness Raising not only with
policy makers but also private sectors and civil society at large are
essential to foster SCP
 Mechanisms for driving the implementation of SCP must be developed
(economic measures profitable for both C and P)
 M & E (indicators, measurements, MIS) framework and activities must be
developed in order to provide decision makers with relevant information
Thanks for Attention