On-going developments for Wireless Industrial
Applications (WIA) in CEPT/ECC
Workshop on Wireless Resources for advanced Manufacturing
Brussels, 30 October 2014
Thomas Weber, ECO, Spectrum Management (and WGFM/SRD/MG Chairman)
Content
•
On-going work in ECC on WIA (Wireless Industrial Applications)
•
Use of mitigation techniques for foreseen regulatory approach in 5725-5875 MHz
•
Challenge of higher emission levels with regard to impact on users in a band
•
Mitigation example: 5 GHz DFS mechanism
•
Draft CEPT Report 57 – Compatibility with WAS/RLAN
•
Regulatory principles for applications under general authorisation
•
Other opportunities
Wireless industrial applications – Studies in CEPT
•
ETSI proposal investigated in CEPT: ETSI system reference document TR 102 889-2 on
technical characteristics for SRD equipment for wireless industrial applications requesting
76 MHz of preferably continuous spectrum
•
Spectrum compatibility studies completed: ECC Report 206: Compatibility studies in the
band 5725-5875 MHz between SRD equipment for wireless industrial applications and
other systems. WIA was assumed to have access to the whole spectrum 5725 to 5875
MHz.
•
WIA with a maximum e.i.r.p. of 400 mW limited to indoor deployment would have an
impact on other services/systems similar to the impact resulting from SRD devices
deployed outdoor according to existing regulations (25 mW). Therefore, an indoor
restriction may be seen as equivalent to existing regulations and thus sufficient for the
protection of other services/systems.
•
However, indoor limitation is not advocated and this should also not get confused with a
limit of 25 mW at the fence of an industrial site.
Wireless industrial applications – 5 GHz range - with
regard to mitigation techniques
•
Recent studies on Wireless Industrial Applications in SRD/MG and PT SE24 with higher
emission levels up to 400 mW in 5725-5875 MHz:
•
DFS (protection of radiolocation), DAA (protection of broadband fixed wireless access,
intelligent transportation services, road tolling applications) – ALWAYS - , APC (automatic
power control) based on potential industrial outdoor use (indoor use is not the problem).
•
Regulatory concept for public consultation approval at the next WGFM meeting.
WIA is currently considered in ECC for inclusion in ANNEX 2 of ERC/REC 70-03
5725-5875 MHz
≤ 400 mW e.i.r.p.
APC required
Adequate spectrum
sharing mechanisms
(e.g. DFS and DAA) shall
be implemented
•
•
Modulation
bandwidth ≥ 1 MHz
and ≤ 20 MHz
Wireless Industrial
Automation (WIA)
Networks
The Adaptive Power
Control has a range of at
least 12 dB (dynamic
range between 400 mW
and 25 mW)
150 MHz bandwidth and great potential for regional/global harmonisation
ETSI ERM TG41 creating a new harmonised European standard – as requested by
ECC/WGFM
Challenge: impact on others
Industrial Facility
fence
Higher emission levels for WIA
Other users
-> therefore: mitigations needed
25 mW e.i.r.p.
as used by non-specific SRD applications
Difference in the impact
on other users
Mitigation techniques: example DFS
The ECC Report 192 on the current status of DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) in the
5 GHz frequency range published. Severe interference into weather radars (> 200
reported cases in 2012) in a considerable number of European countries caused by
unlicensed outdoor fixed service links links (mis-?)using WAS/RLAN equipment.
Reasons:
Mainly intentional illegal use or non-compliant equipment.
There is some motivation to switch off the DFS! Mitigation must fit to the
application/intentions.
What do administrations learn from it? Mitigation mechanism settings should not be
accessible by the user - directly or indirectly
Draft CEPT Report 57 – Compatibility with WAS/RLAN
Compatibility with Wireless Industrial Applications (WIA)
•
The calculations lead to significant separation distances, in particular in the cases
where both systems operate without wall or building separation.
•
Nevertheless, compatibility can be achieved through a coordination procedure
within factory premises where WIA are deployed, taking into account that:
•
•
•
It is expected that the operation of wireless devices (including WIA and RLAN)
within the industrial premises would be controlled by the factory management;
Frequency separation can be applied considering that frequencies outside the
5725-5875 MHz band are available for RLAN;
The sharing scenarios addressed may benefit from the implementation of
mitigation techniques in WIA as described in ECC Report 206. For example, a
detect and avoid mechanism is required in WIA for the compatibility between
WIA and BFWA.
Regulatory principles for applications under general
authorisation (I)
SRD strategy: in CEPT Report 14, and a detailed explanation is in section 3.1 of CEPT
Report 26, further outlined in CEPT Report 44. One important element from the SRD
strategy is not to create new application specific frequency designations, i.e. use
existing SRD bands on the basis of equal access to spectrum (no exclusive access to
spectrum).
This means for Industrial applications: regulation cannot distinguish between bigger
and smaller installations.
Application and Technology neutrality: The debate on neutrality for SRD’s took place
during the writing of CEPT Report 44 and ECC Report 181. The consensus is that
application neutrality should be strived for as much as possible, but technology
neutrality is in conflict with spectrum efficiency. This should, besides the need for
protection of primary services, be the main argument to have technology specific
requirements for different frequency ranges.
Regulatory principles for applications under general
authorisation (II)
Spectrum efficiency for SRDs as a goal: Spectrum efficiency for SRDs is described in
ECC Report 181. The main goal is to achieve a good group spectrum efficiency by
describing the sharing environment with a minimum set of technical parameters. The
main focus is on the physical and medium access layer of the OSI model, leaving the
rest to be described in European standards.
Intra SRD Sharing requirements: For intra-SRD sharing, a “predictable sharing
environment” needs to be defined; this is the minimum set of technical regulatory
parameters with which the harmonised standard addresses the sharing question. ECC
compatibility studies in combination with the required technical application
performance provide the technical base for this regulation.
2.4 GHz: The Medium Utilisation Factor (MUF) as described in the latest edition of EN
300 328 is a good example for a more polite spectrum access in line with the
aforementioned principles. An increase in the number of wireless equipments should
not paralyse a band through interference. Realisations/implementations in the
industrial field should take account of this challenge. Sharing is the key.
Other opportunities
•
New frequency opportunities for networked SRDs in 870-876/915-921 MHz
(upper band is part of ISM band in the Americas) with emmission levels
up to 500mW; bands are today underused in Europe.
•
‘DECT extension band’ (e.g. DECT ULE) as band for non-specific SRD
applications in 1900-1920 MHz (see CEPT Report 52) studied, for
applications with DCS but also with DC spectrum access; regulatory
approach under development;
•
UWB regulation 6-8.5 GHz – already harmonised and provides some
flexibility for smart solutions and ‘equivalent mitigations’;
•
For applications under individual authorisations (e.g. extreme low
latency/high reliability): Review 400 MHz PMR/PAMR frequencies started )
or 700 MHz M2M.
Thank you for you attention
Questions??
Thomas.Weber@eco.cept.org
www.cept.org/eco
www.cept.org/ecc