EU Policy on Sustainable
Access to Feedstocks for
Industry and Markets for
Biobased Products
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Structure
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Policies Framework “A European Industrial Renaissance”
Bioeconomy for Europe
Cascading use of Biomass
Public Private Partnership for Biobased Industry
Industry Policy: Implementation Action for Biobased
Products
EU and International Standards
Public Procurement
Standards in Detail: M430
Public Procurement in Detail
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European Industrial Renaissance Bio-Based Products & Sustainable
Availability of Raw Materials
Achim Boenke
DG Enterprise and Industry
Unit - Chemical Industry
Brussels, 3rd April 2014
The Policy Context (1)
Bioeconomy for Europe Communication
COM(2012) 60 final, Brussels, 13.02.2012; http://ec.europa.eu/research/bioeconomy/pdf/201202_innovating_sustainable_growth.pdf
"The Bioeconomy Strategy and its Action Plan aim to pave the way to
a more innovative, resource efficient and competitive society that
reconciles food security with the sustainable use of renewable
resources for industrial purposes, while ensuring environmental
protection.
The Policy Context (2)
European Industrial Renaissance
COM(2014) 14/2 final, Brussels, 22/01/2014; http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/initiatives/mission-growth/index_en.htm &
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-14-42_en.htm?locale=en
"These strategic, cross-cutting areas are: advanced manufacturing, key
enabling technologies, clean vehicles and transport, bio-based products,
construction and raw materials and smart grids."
"Bio-based products: granting access to sustainable raw materials at world
market prices for the production of bio-based products. This will require the
application of the cascade principle in the use of biomass and eliminating
any possible distortions in the allocation of biomass for alternative uses
that might result from aid and other mechanisms that favour the use of biomass
for other purposes (e.g. energy)*."
* For a description and interpretation of the cascading principle, see
http://ec.europa.eu/research/bioeconomy/pdf/201202_commision_staff_working.pdf - Commission Staff Working
Paper that is accompanying the Commission's Communication on the Bioeconomy Strategy – see pages 25-26,
2nd paragraph in section 1.3.3.1. and
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=//EP//NONSGML+REPORT+A7-2013-0201+0+DOC+PDF+V0//EN – European Parliament Opinion on the
Commission Communication on the Bioeconomy Strategy – see item 28 on pages 6 & 7.
The Policy Context (3)
Bioeconomy for Europe Communication
COM(2012) 60 final, Brussels, 13.02.2012; http://ec.europa.eu/research/bioeconomy/pdf/201202_innovating_sustainable_growth.pdf
Promote the setting up of networks with the required logistics for
integrated and diversified biorefineries, demonstration and pilot plants
across Europe, including the necessary logistics and supply chains
for a cascading use of biomass and waste streams. Start
negotiations to establish a research and innovation PPP for bio-based
industries at European level (2014 in force).
PPP bio industries: Innovation Areas
The biobased PPP covers the entire value chain from
biomass feedstock cultivation and harvesting / mobilisation
to manufacturing of new products and their market
penetration. Each step of the value chain faces specific
innovation challenges.
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PPP bio industries: Innovation areas
The biobased PPP covers the entire value chain from biomass feedstock
cultivation and harvesting / mobilisation to manufacturing of new products and
their market penetration. Each step of the value chain faces specific innovation
challenges.
Industrial Policy
Implementation Activities
Task Force on Bio-Based Products
Otto Linher
DG Enterprise and Industry
4th Bioeconomy Core ISG-Meeting
Brussels, 24 January 2013
Main Actions
• Promotion of an appropriate regulatory and policy framework
supporting the market uptake of bio-based products:
 Recognition of the cascading use of biomass in relevant EUlegislation, i.e. wherever more sustainable, preference should be
given to material use of biomass over alternative biofuel use.
 Other regulatory areas include e.g. public procurement, waste and
construction products regulation.
Main Actions
•
Finalising the on-going work on European and international standards
on bio-based products:

E.g. bio-degradability, bio-based content, recyclability &
sustainability; communication & labelling, bio-based solvents,
lubricants, polymers, surfactants, etc.
Main Actions
• Public procurement:
 Develop lists of product groups;
 Enter into discussion with networks of public procurers on how
preference can be given to bio-based products.
These recommendations, focussing e.g. on standardisation
and public procurement for biobased products will be
elaborated in the follow-up “Expert Group for Biobased
Products”.
Rather than just mimicking properties of fossil-based
products, biobased products should aim for specific
functionalities, taking full advantage of the native
properties of biomass and its components. In line with the
current trend of major consumer companies to invest in
biobased alternatives to achieve their sustainability goals,
the PPP will build on existing demand and will also
encourage market push measure.
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Standardization in the bio-based economy
•
Standards are seen as essential elements in aggregating initial demand, in particular
for new bio-based products. Standards for bio-based products can help to increase
market transparency by providing common reference methods and requirements in
order to verify claims about these products (e.g. bio-degradability, bio-based content,
recyclability, sustainability).
•
Within the framework of the Lead Market Initiative for bio-based products, the
European Commission has identified a lack of European standards for these
products.
• The Commission has issued several standardisation mandates to CEN
(European Committee for Standardization):
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–
–
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M/429 for the elaboration of a standardization programme for bio-based products
M/430 on bio-polymers and bio-lubricants
M/491 on bio-solvents and bio-surfactants
M/492 for the development of horizontal standards for bio-based products
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Minimum requirements for "bio-lubricants“
and "bio-based lubricant“
Renewability:
Content of renewable raw material 25 % according to
ASTM D 6866 (radiocarbon analysis) or equivalent CEN
version (to be developed).
Biodegradability:
≥ 60 % according to OECD 301 B, C, D or F (or adequate
ISO or EN standards) for oils;
≥ 50 % according to OECD 301 B, C, D or F (or adequate
ISO or EN Standards) for lubricating greases;
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Toxicity:
Not to be labelled as "Dangerous to the environment"
(Symbol N) according to CLP Directive 1272/2008/EC
(Classification, Labelling, and Packaging).
This may be proven for the fully formulated product by
testing according to OECD test no. 201/202/203:
EC50/LC50/IC50 > 100mg/l
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Performance:
"Fit for purpose" or "Fit for use".
The lubricant manufacturer and the customer using the
product both need to ensure that the recommended
lubricant is suitable for a specific application;
in other words, the appropriate specifications have to be
fulfilled, including well-accepted special test procedures for
ester-based lubricants.
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UNILATERAL INDUSTRY SELF-COMMITMENT
CONCERNING BIODEGRADABLE AND
COMPOSTABLE POLYMER PRODUCTS
DEFINITIONS
The norm EN 13432 incorporates the definitions of
biodegradability and compostability by reference and is
recommended for the application of compostable
packaging according to the Directive on Packaging and
Packaging Waste 94/62/EC. EN 13432 can also be the
basis for other compostable plastic products, for instance,
catering products, waste bags, hygiene products or semifinished goods.
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The norm EN 13432 requires that a material/product to be
defined biodegradable and compostable has to fulfil the
following criteria:
• Biodegradation level: >90 % in comparison with
cellulose (positive standard) in 180 days under
conditions of controlled composting measured through
respirometric methods (EN 14046);
• Disintegration level: >90 % in 3 months (EN 14045);
• Ecotoxicity: Toxicity tests (germination and plant tests)
• Chemical testing: according to "product safety"
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Horizon 2020 Bioeconomy and Public
Procurement
RRM meeting
Brussels, 2 April 2014
Tomasz Calikowski
European Commission
Directorate-General Research & Innovation
Directorate for Bioeconomy
Unit F2 Bio-based products and processing
2.4. Sustainable and competitive bio-based
industries and bioeconomy
WP2014
ISIB call: Innovative, Sustainable
and Inclusive Bioeconomy
ISIB 7 – 2014: Public procurement networks on innovative biobased products – (Networks of procurers preparing a PPI on biobased products)
Specific challenge: By introducing requirements for sustainability in tender specifications, the
demand from public authorities could significantly increase the market for bio-based products and drive
technological innovation in this area.
Scope: Undertake coordination and support activities to investigate the feasibility and prepare the launch
of a Public Procurement of Innovation on bio-based products and services.
Expected Impact: Lowering barriers and increasing bio-based products market segment. Improving skills of
public actors and increasing consumer awareness on bio-based products. Contribute to EU policies such as LMI on
bio-based products and Green Public Procurement.
PPI – Public Procurement of Innovative Solutions
• When
– Challenge requires solution which is almost on the market or already on the market
in small quantity but not meeting public sector requirements for large scale
deployment yet. No R&D involved (R&D already done, or no R&D needed to solve
problem)
• What
– Public sector acts as launching customer / early adopter / first buyer for innovative
products and services that are newly arriving on the market (not widely
commercially available yet)
• How
– Public sector acts as facilitator establishing a buyers group with critical mass that
triggers industry to scale up its production chain to bring products on the market
with desired quality / price ratio within a specific time. After potentially a test /
certification / labelling, the buyers group buys a significant volume of solutions.