National 5 PEE Notes
1 min per mark
POINT (clear cause, issue, role or government measure)
EXPLAIN (answer the question)
EXAMPLE (person, place, policy, statistic)
th
29
April 9am
Be at the Main Hall at 8.30am
POLITICAL ISSUES –
(A) DEMOCRACY IN SCOTLAND
SOCIAL ISSUES –
(C) SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN THE UK
INTERNATIONAL ISSUES
(E) WORLD POWERS (USA)
(A) DEMOCRACY IN
SCOTLAND
DEVOLVED AND RESERVED POWERS
DEVOLVED – issues the Scottish government can decide on:
Health e.g. free prescriptions
Education e.g. CfE National 5
Sport e.g. Commonwealth Games in Glasgow 2014
RESERVED - issues the Scottish government cannot decide on
Immigration e.g. Romanian immigrants in Glasgow
Defence e.g. nuclear weapons in Faslane Glasgow
Social Security e.g. bedroom tax
Additional Member System
(AMS)
Why some people are happy with AMS
Its fairer e.g. Scottish Lib Dem 5% vote and 5% seats in
2011
More people to represent you e.g. Kenneth Gibson and
Annabel Goldie
Can lead to majority government e.g SNP 2011
Why some people are unhappy with AMS
Its confusing as 2 votes e.g 2007 1000s of wasted votes
Constituents unsure who to go to for help e.g Kenneth
Gibson or Annabel Goldie?
Often leads to minority government e.g. SNP 2007
Role of the First Minister
Chooses the cabinet e.g. Nicola Sturgeon is
Deputy FM
Gives TV interviews representing the government
e.g. to STV on independence
Answers First Ministers Questions e.g. on CfE
National 5
Role of a MSP
In the constituency (Cunningham North)
Surgery e.g. Keneth Gibson’s surgery is in Saltcoats
Visits school e.g. Kenneth Gibson visited Ardrossan
Academy
In Parliament (Holyrood)
Vote e.g. on the smoking ban
Debate e.g. on independence
Independence Debate
Why some people want independence
Control of reserved powers e.g. many unhappy with
bedroom tax
Scottish identity e.g Census 2011 62% Scots feel
Scottish only
Why some people do not want independence
Happy for UK parliament to control reserved powers
e.g. many happy UK went to war in Iraq
British identity e.g. Census 2011 18% Scots feel
Scottish and British
Rights and responsibilities
Right to vote – responsibility to use your vote e.g.
you could vote for Scottish Labour
Right to free speech – responsibility not to
spread hate e.g. anyone could give an interview on
STV about independence
Right to protest – responsibility to do so
peacefully e.g. Nil By Mouth do this in Glasgow
Ways to take part in politics
Vote e.g. Scottish Greens
Protest e.g. with Scottish SPCA
Sign a Petition e.g. for SCND
Take part in a referendum e.g. on 18th September
2014 on independence
Campaign methods
Canvassing e.g. Scottish Lib Dem might visit
Cunninghame North
Leaflets and Posters e.g. for Scottish
Conservative
Loudspeaker e.g. Scottish Labour may use this
Social Media e.g. SNP are on Facebook
Ways Pressure Groups
influence government
Petitions e.g. Nil By Mouth may collect a petition
against sectarianism
Peaceful Marches e.g. Not in My Name marched
against the Iraq War
Letter Writing e.g. Scottish SPCA may write a
letter to Alex Salmond
Why Pressure groups are
powerful
Power in numbers e.g. Scottish SPCA have
thousands of members
Experts on their issue e.g. Nil By Mouth are
experts on sectarianism in the West of Scotland
Some insider groups invited to speak to
parliament e.g. British Medical Association spoke
to the health committee before the smoking ban
Ways local councils are
funded
Council tax e.g. people pay this in Glasgow City
council
Business rates e.g. ASDA Ardrossan pays rates
to North Ayrshire Council
Government grants – e.g SNP gives money to
North Ayrshire Council
Ways local council decisions
affect people in Scotland
Police and Fire - makes the area safer e.g. Saltcoats
Police Station
Planning – makes the area more suitable e.g. the proposed
merger between Ardrossan and Auchenharvie Academies
was stopped
Leisure Centres – makes people healthier e.g.
Auchenharvie leisure centre in North Ayrshire Council
•Section C
•Social Inequality
in the UK
Why some people have good health/
causes of illness
Why some people have good health/ causes of poor health
Poverty e.g. Life expectancy in Calton is 54 but in Lenzie
its 89
Poor housing e.g. 85% children in damp homes have
breathing problems
Age e.g. 98% of those with dementia are 65+
Lifestyle choice e.g. 90% of cancer is caused by smoking
Why some people have good health
Opposite of all above
Choose either Social class (poverty).
Race. Gender. Age. Explain why this
issue causes poor health
Social Class
Age
Poor housing e.g. 85% of
Age related illness e.g.
Stress e.g. ¼ Scots have
Wear and tear e.g.80%
children I damp homes
have breathing problems
mental illness
Poor diet e.g. cheap
frozen diet can lead to
stomach cancer
98% dementia patients are
over 65
people over 60 have
arthiritis
Common illnesses can kill
older people e.g. free flu
jags are offered to 65+
Ways government has tried to
improve health in Scotland
NHS Scotland e.g. free maternity care at
Crosshouse
Laws e.g. smoking ban
Health policies e.g. free prescriptions
Health campaigns e.g. Change 4 Life
Targeting those in poverty e.g. free school meals
Free flu jags e.g. over 65s in Glasgow get this
Individual actions to improving
health
Exercise more often e.g. at Auchenharvie Leisure
Centre
Stop smoking/ drinking/ abusing drugs e.g. 90%
cancers caused by smoking
Choose a healthier diet e.g 65% of Scots are
overweight
Causes of poverty / why some
people live in poverty in the UK
Unemployment e.g. 1/4 Brits unemployed
Area e.g. The poorest area in Scotland is North East
Glasgow (1/2 in poverty).
Family type e.g. Children in single parent families are 2x
more likely to live in relative poverty
Gender – e.g. only 2/100 top 100 earners in UK are women
Consequences of living in poverty
Poor housing e.g. 85% children in damp homes have
breathing problems
Mental illness e.g. 1/4 Scots mentally ill
Poor diet e.g. frozen food can lead to stomach
cancer
Social exclusion e.g. you may feel this way in
Easterhouse
Financial benefits provided by
government to help those in need
EMA e.g. £30 PER WEEK AT Ardrossan Academy
FREE SCHOOL MEALS e.g. 30% Scots receive it
FREE TUITION AT UNI e.g. to Glasgow Uni
JOB SEEKERS ALLOWANCE e.g. £54 per week
for those 16-24
Choose either Unemployed. Lone Parent Families.
Ethnic Minorities. Disabled. Explain ways the
government provides help for this group
Lone Parent Families
EMA e.g.£30 per week at
Ardrossan Academy
FREE SCHOOL MEALS
e.g. 33% of pupils at
Ardrossan Academy
CLOTHING VOUCHERS
e.g. at Ardrossan Acadmey
Unemployed
JOB CENTRE e.g. in
Saltcoats
JSA e.g. £72 per week for
25+
HOUSING BENEFIT e.g.
•Section E
•World Powers
•USA
Social and economic inequality
Education –ghettos schools v vanilla suburban schools e.g.
Harper High in Chicago
Health no insurance vs private insurance e.g. 10% children
no insurance at all
Housing ghettos vs suburb gated communites e.g. Bronx vs
Hollywood
Crime ghetto violence vs suburbs e.g. a murder every 30
mins
Choose one Poor Health. Poor Education. Poor
Housing explain why this issue continues to
exist
Education –
Have to pay for Uni
e.g. Harvard Uni
Violence in ghetto
schools e.g. in Abraham
Lincoln High
Lack of materials in
ghetto schools – e.g.
Harper High in Chicago
Health –
No insurance at all for
poorest people – 10%
children no insurance
Cheap insurance e.g.
Medicaid
Cant join an insurance
company with existing
illness e.g. Autistic
Government responses to tackle
inequality
Obamacare – Over 100 million Americans have
benefited from obamacare
SNAP – replacing food stamps with pre laoded credit card
to be in used in supermarkets e.g. in Walmart, New York
TANF - benefit to help needy families pay for food and
bills while encouraging single parents to work e.g. 4 million
Americans receive TANF
Affirmative Action – quota places for ethnics in
workplaces and universities e.g. 12% of UCLA places are
set aside for African Americans
Institutions of government
Executive – President is the figurehead of USA
e.g. Barack Obama
Legislative – congress makes the laws e.g.
Obamacare
Judicial – supreme court protects bill of rights
e.g. right to bear arms
Ways to participate in politics
Vote e.g. Democrats
Stand as a candidate e.g. President
Protest e.g. with Moms Against Guns
Register to vote e.g. in Texas
Join a political party / interest group e.g NRA
Rights and responsibilities
Vote but use it e.g. Democrats
Protest but do so responsibly e.g. with Moms
Against Guns
Free speech but don’t spread hate e.g. KKK
spread hate in Alabama
Why some people criticise government for
limiting their political rights
Right to bear arms – NRA are unhappy with gun
control e.g. Obama campaigned for gun control
after Conneticut school shooting
Right to Free Speech – groups like KKK are
unhappy with anti racist laws e.g. in Louisiana
Right to Vote – prisoners are unhappy they cant
vote e.g. in Indiana State Prison
campaign
Vote but use it e.g. Democrats
Protest but do so responsibly e.g. with Moms
Against Guns
Free speech but don’t spread hate e.g. KKK
spread hate in Alabama
How to influence the government
Interest groups e.g. Border Angels
Social Media e.g like Obama on Facebook
Vote e.g. Republican