REPORTED SPEECH
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT/REPORTED SPEECH
Present
Past simple
She said: “I´m hungry”
She said she was hungry
Past simple
Past perfect
She said: “I missed my family”
She said she had missed her family
Present continuous
Past continuous
She said: “I am walking”
She said she was walking.
Present perfect
Past perfect
She said: “I have bought a new car”
She said she had bought a new car
WILL
WOULD
She said:” I will wait”
She said she would wait
DIRECT SPEECH
INDIRECT/REPORTED SPEECH
Past perfect
Past perfect
She said: “ I had waited”
She said she had waited
CAN
COULD

She said.”I can walk”
MUST

She said: “I must walk”
MAY

She said: “It may be a good idea”

She said she could walk
HAD TO

She said she had to walk
MIGHT

She said it might be a good idea.
CHANGES
ADJECTIVES/ADVERBS




He told her: “I like your
car”
She asked him: “Is this
your car?
She told us:” these are
my books”
He told me : “He doesn’t
live here anymore”
IINDIRECT CHANGES




He told her (that) he
liked her new car
She asked him if that
was his car.
She told us those were
her books.
He told me he didn’t
live there anymore
TIME EXPRESSIONS
DIRECT
INDIRECT
1 NOW
2 TODAY
3 YESTERDAY
4 THE DAY BEFORE YESTERDAY
5 TOMORROW
6 THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW
7 NEXT WEEK/MONTH/YEAR
8 LAST WEEK/MONTH/YEAR
9 TWO DAYS/THREE HOURS AGO
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
THEN
THAT DAY
THE DAY BEFORE
TWO DAYS BEFORE
THE NEXT/FOLLOWING DAY
TWO DAYS LATER
THE FOLLLOWING
WEEK/MONTH/YEAR
8 THE PREVIOUS
WEEK/MONTH/YEAR
9 TWO DAYS/THREE HOURS BEFORE
REPORTED QUESTIONS
YES/NO QUESTIONS
Sandra
asked:”Are you
going out?”
 Sandra asked
if/whether I was
going out.

WH- QUESTION
Henry wondered:
“Why is Andrew
so late?”
 Henry wondered
why Andrew was
so late.

REPORTED COMMANDS
DIRECT
INDIRECT
“Sit down”
 “Don’t forget your
umbrella”
 “Don’t shout at me”.
 “Work hard at
school”





He ordered them to sit
down
She reminded him not
to forget his umbrella.
He told her not to shout
at him
He advised me to work
hard at school
REPORTED SUGGESTIONS
DIRECT
“Let’s go for a
walk”
 “Why don’t we
relax?”

INDIRECT
He suggested that
we went for a
walk
 She suggested
that they relaxed.

REPORTING VERBS
ENGLISH
CATALAN

Add

Afegir

Advise

Aconsellar

Apologize

Demanar perdó

Ask

Preguntar

Complain

Queixarse

Confirm

Confirmar

Explain

Explicar

Mention

Anomenar

Order

Ordenar

Promise

Prometre

Remind

Recordar

Say

Dir

Tell

Dir, explicar

Admit

Admetre

Agree

Estar d’acord

Beg

Suplicar

Confess

Confessar

Declare

Declarar

Invite

Convidar

Offer

Oferir

Persuade

Convèncer

Recommend

Recomanar

Reply

Respondre

Suggest

Suggerir

whisper

xiuxiuejar
Do you want to know a secret?






A: He whispered in my ear that he was in love with me.
B: He expressed doubt that I would ever know how much
he really cared for me.
C: He insisted that we were the only ones who knew.
D: He told me that I would never know how much he
really loved me.
E: He admitted that the realisation had dawned on him
a week or two earlier.
F: He offered to confide in me if I promised not to tell.
Do you want to know a secret?






D: He told me that I would never know how much he really
loved me.
B: He expressed doubt that I would ever know how much he
really cared for me.
F: He offered to confide in me if I promised not to tell.
A: He whispered in my ear that he was in love with me.
E: He admitted that the realisation had dawned on him a
week or two earlier.
C: He insisted that we were the only ones who knew.
1. “ I won’t lend you any money”
She refused to lend him any money.
2. “Would you like to have a drink with me?”
She invited him to have a drink with her.
3. “Let’s go to the beach!”
He suggested going /that they should go to the beach.
4. “ If you’re good, I’ll buy you an ice-cream”
He promised to buy her an ice cream (if she was good)
5. “I’m sorry I broke your heart”
She apologised for breaking /having broken his heart.
6. “ If I were you, I’d tell your parents”
She advised him to tell his parents
7. “It wasn’t me. I didn’t break the window”
He denied breaking / having broken the window
8. “You’re the one who murdered the President. - I saw you”
He accused her of murdering / having murdered the President.
9. “ Stop shouting!”
She ordered them to stop shouting.
10. “ Shall I carry your suitcase for you?”
He offered to carry her suitcase (for her)
VERB + THAT CLAUSE
DECLARE
He declared that he loved her
EXPLAIN
SAY
SUGGEST
VERB + TO + INFINITIVE
( NOT TO DO SOMETHING)
AGREE
OFFER
José offered to drive me to the airport.
REFUSE
PROMISE
I promised not to tell anybody
THREATEN
VERB + OBJECT+ TO+ INFINITIVE
( SOMEBOBY NOT TO DO SOMETHING)
ADVISE
The doctor advised me to have a rest
ASK
CONVINCE
ENCOURAGE
INVITE
Julia’s friend invited her to stay for dinner
ORDER
PERSUADE
I persuaded my sister not to go out with Juan
REMIND
My boss reminded me to sign the documents.
TELL
WARN
The man warned us not to park in this street.
VERB+ GERUND
( NOT DOING SOMETHING)
APOLOGIZE ( FOR)
I apologized for being so late.
ACCUSE
The police accused Maria of stealing the car.
ADMIT
BLAME SOMEBODY FOR
DENY
INSIST ON
Jane insisted on going to the dcotor’s with me
RECOMMEND
REGRET
SUGGEST
Katie suggested going for a walk.
be get help lose pay sack steal walk
He was accused of stealing money from the company.
2. I offered to help
him, but he said he could manage.
3. He apologized for losing
his temper with me.
to sack him if was late one more
4. His boss threatened
time.
to get
5. Will you remind me
some more petrol before
we leave?
being anywhere near the scene of
6. Of course, she denies
the crime.
to walk
7. He warned the children not
on the frozen
lake.
8. Her family insisted on paying for the entire holiday.
1.