Kingdom
Eubacteria
Eu = new or true
Shape of bacterial cells
a)
Cocci - round
bacterial cells.
(cox-eye).
A
B
b) Bacilli - rodshaped bacterial
cells.
c) Spirilli
(corkscrew) spiral-shaped bacterial
cells
C
Nutrition in Eubacteria
1. Heterotrophic
 use food produced by other organisms
2. Saprotrophic
 feed on dead or decaying matter
3. Autotrophic
 make their own food
A teaspoon of soil generally
contains between 100 million and
1 billion bacteria
Beneficial Bacteria
The overwhelming majority of
bacteria are completely harmless
5 types of friendly bacteria
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Nature’s recyclers
In our body
Food production
Oil spills
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
1) Saprotrophic Bacteria
Nature’s recyclers
*release nutrients back
into the environment
*man-made landscapes
often lack these good
bacteria
A scanning electron
micrograph of the aerobic
soil bacterium
Pseudomonas fluorescens.
The bacterium uses its
long, whiplike flagellae to
propel itself through the
water layer that surrounds
soil particles.
2) Our bodies:



Escherichia coli
is a normal resident of the
intestines in healthy
people
it helps us break down
food waste products
We pretty much depend
upon E. coli in our
intestines for our source
of Vitamin K and Bcomplex vitamins.
3) Food production
 Streptococcus
lactis bacteria convert milk
to cheese by causing the souring of milk
that begins the cheese making process,
 bacteria convert grapes to wine and then
wine to vinegar
 The name for this process is
FERMENTATION
Fermentation

A chemical process that occurs when bacteria
change sugar into various products
 It is a way that bacterial cells get energy without
using oxygen
Examples:
 Grapes----- Wine---------- Vinegar
 Milk -----Yogurt or cheese
 Cabbage ----- Sauerkraut
4) Oil spills

Naturally occurring,
oil-eating bacteria are
used in response to
crude oil spills

without causing
further harm to the
environment.
How do oil spills cause harm?
*Birds die from oil spills if
their feathers are covered
in oil. The bird will then
be poisoned because it
will try to clean itself.
*Oil may also cause the
death of an animal by
entering the animal’s
lungs or liver
More than half of the seal
pups living off the coast of
Mid-Norway are contaminated
with oil every spring
5) Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

some plants (peanuts, beans,
peas) have pockets of
bacteria in their roots
 can take Nitrogen from the air
and make it useful for plants
and animals by making the
soil fertile
 helps farmers save $ on
fertilizers
 plants use Nitrogen to make
needed proteins