The New Deal FDR- Franklin Roosevelt FDR- President in 1932 • “Brain Trust” – Made up of lawyers, professionals, and journalistsworked on programs to alleviate depression The New Deal Focuses on three main things 1. Relief 2. Economic recovery 3. Financial reform The 100 Days Over a hundred day period Congress passed more that 15 major New Deal legislations The Legislation expanded the federal governments role in the nations economy Federal Program Business Assistance and Reform What was the immediate purpose? What was the long term goal? Emergency Banking Relief Act EBRA Authorized the treasury Dep. To inspect and close banks To restore public confidence in the banks Glass-Steagall Banking Establish the FDIC Act of 1933 Restore public confidence in the banks Federal Securities Act Require corporations to provide complete info. On stock offerings Restore public confidence in the stock market National Industrial Recovery To ensure fair business practices and to promote industrial growth Set prices, establish labor standards Farm Relief/Rural Development What was the immediate purpose? Agricultural Adjustment Act AAA Tennessee Valley Authority TVA Paid farmers to lower production What was its long term goal? To raise crop prices and farmers income Built and To create repaired dams prosperity in and other impoverished projects in Tenn. Tenn.Valley Employment Projects What was its immediate purpose What was its long term goal Civilian Conservation Put young men to To reduce Corps work on railroad employment CCC building and conservation projects Federal Emergency Relief Administration FERA Provide direct relief for the needy Provide basic needs hit hard by the Depression Public Works Administration PWA Provide money to states to create jobs To reduce unemployment Civil Works Administration CWA Provide 4 million jobs To reduce immediately unemployment Housing What was the Immediate purpose? What was its long term goal? Home Owners Loan Corporation HOLC Provided government loans to homeowners who faced foreclosure To help families keep their homes FDR- Fireside Chats FDR- had radio chats to let the American people know about issues of public concern to explain to them in clear simple language, what his new deal plans were. Do you think this helped FDR and the American people? Result of the 100 days… Deficit spending- government spending more money than the revenues it receives Did the New Deal end the depression? Why didn’t the people blame FDR for ending the depression when they blamed Hoover? Impact of the New Deal 1937- Congress urged cutting back New Deal Programs the result… ◦ Increase in unemployment ◦ Decrease in industrial production The New Deal and the Depression helped reduce suffering jobs, food, money Regain dignity The New Deal Affects many Groups of the 1930’s Women ◦ Gains- women were appointed to important federal positions, slight increase in the # of women working outside the home ◦ Problems- discrimination in the workplace, low wages, discriminatory hiring practices New Deal Affects… African Americans ◦ Gains- increased political voice through greater access to the president, organizations created for tenant farmers ◦ Problems- Segregation, violence, racism, discrimination in all areas of life, poll tax Political Realignment- African Americans left the Republican Party for the Democratic Party. New Deal Affects… Labor Unions ◦ Gains- better working conditions, increased bargaining power, increase in union membership ◦ Problems- strikes, big business opposition to labor unions New Deal Under Attack The American Liberty League ◦ Opposed the New Deal believed that it violated respect for the rights of individuals and property Charles Couglin Dr. Francis Townsend Huey Long Second New Deal The second Hundred Days The first two years of FDR’s presidency the economy had improved…BUT not enough! ◦ Unemployment remained high ◦ Production lagged More extensive relief was needed for farmers and workers Protecting Workers Rights Wagner Act and Fair Labor Standards Act ◦ Set standards for wages, hours, banned child labor, ensured the right of workers to organize and bargain with Employers TODAYS IMPACT- National Labor Relations Board Act as a mediator in labor disputes between unions and employers Banking and Finance Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) ◦ Monitors the stock market and enforces laws of stocks and bonds Federal Deposit Insurance Corporations (FDIC) ◦ Savings and protection loss up to $100,000 Social and Environmental Effects Social Security ◦ Provides insurance program, unemployment compensation, aid to disabled, and families with dependent children * Framers of this Act saw it primarily as a relief bill Farming ◦ Agricultural price supports