Do Now: Which new deal program
did you think was the best and
why? (Base these off the
presentations from yesterday)
Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) Describe
the function of the major New Deal programs (2)
analyze the info and form opinions on it's success
Homework: Continue Reading Through Chapter
on your Own
• An impressive 15 acts of
legislation were passed early
on in FDR’s presidency
• Born out of a divided
administration (Many
opinion)
The Hundred Days
Refresh
• Declared a Bank Holiday right
when he took office
• Emergency Banking Relief Act
passed after just 38 mins!
• FDR then addressed 60 Million
people in Fireside Chat
• Following day the deposits
outweighed withdrawals
Step 1: Fix the Banks!
• Advisors to FDR wanted him
to go further to Trust-bust
and create fair competition
• Securities Act of 1933 – This
created the Securities and
Exchange Commission
(SEC)
• The Glass-Steagall Act –
This created the Federal
Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC)
Regulating Banks &
Brokers
• Advisors believed that struggles came from low prices and
high production
• Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) – Government
paid farmers NOT to grow certain crops
• Had to destroy crops already planted
• By 1936 farm surplus had ended and food prices rose (Hard
Criticism
• Large farmers did better than small ones because they had one
crop vs. many
• African American became homeless and jobless when
landlords chose to shut down their land
Step 2: Managing Farms &
Industry
• Americans were in debt – cut back
spending
• Home Owners Loan Corporation
(HOLC) – Government bought loans and
restructured with longer terms less
interest
• 1 out of 5 mortgages were helped
• Still foreclosed if people lost jobs
• Farm Credit Administration (FCA) –
Similar program for farmers
Step 3: Debt Relief
• Didn’t want to simply GIVE
money to the unemployed
• Thought people could build
morale and develop skills
Step 4: Spending and
Relief Programs
• Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) – Gave men 18-25
conservationist jobs
• Planting Trees, fighting forest fires, and building reservoirs
• Public Works and Emergency Relief – Created FERA (Led by
Harry Hopkins)
• Public Works Administration (PWA) – Created construction
projects, like highways, dams, sewers, water-works, schools, etc.
• Indirect Hiring
• Civil Works Administration (CWA) – Similar to PWA but
employees hired directly ($1 Billion Spent)
• Direct Hiring
• Became alarmed at the spending and shut down program
Programs
• These programs did not restore
prosperity
• His actions inspired hope and optimism
• Faith in nation had returned
• Why do you think faith returned???
First Term Thoughts
Do Now: Grab a worksheet from Mr.
Collison and fill in the first part of the chart
with a partner
Objectives: Students will be able to...(1) analyze an image
for key information (2) describe the second New Deal (3)
compare and contrast the two New Deals
Homework: Guided reading sheet for 23-4
The Second New Deal
• Who opposed the New
Deal?
• Why did they oppose
it?
• What is deficit
spending?
• What comparisons can
you make to our
current economy?
Opponents of the New
Deal
• People on the Right:
• Thought he was putting too much regulations
on Government
• Deficit Spending – scared business leaders
• Formed American Liberty League –
Organized opposition to the New Deal
• People on the Left:
• Believed he had not gone far enough
• Wanted more dramatic intervention
Opposition from Right & Left
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8iC1-eC3zo
• Works Progress Administration (WPA) - Similar to PWA
and CWA
• $11 Billion Spent
• Built:
• 650,000 miles of highways, roads and streets
• 125,000 public buildings
• 8,000 parks
• Improved:
• 124,000 bridges
• 853 airports
Second New Deal
Programs
• Programs were taking longer to pass in congress. Why?
• Supreme court struck down National Industrial Recovery
Act (NIRA)
• Schechter vs. United States – “ The sick chicken” case
• Schechter brothers violated chicken provision by selling
diseased chickens and paying workers too little.
• Supreme court ruled that Congress could not delegate
powers to Executive Branch
Supreme Court
• National Labor Relations Board (Wagner Act):
• The act guaranteed workers the right to organize unions and
to bargain collectively
• Set up binding arbitration – neutral party listens to both
sides and decides on issues
• Committee for Industrial Organization: Organization
formed to help organize unions
Industrial Unions
• Sit-Down Strikes: Workers who
stopped working but refused to
leave plants
• Flint, Michigan Auto-Plant: Union
workers went on strike and it
turned violent
• Similar situations happened around
the country
Strikes
• GOAL – To provide help for those unemployed
through no fault of their own
• People it helped:
•
•
•
•
Elderly who stopped work after 65
Unemployed
People with disabilities
Poor families with young children
• Critics didn’t like that the $$ came from
payroll taxes on workers
• Helped a lot of people initially, but left our the
neediest of people at the time (Farmers and
domestic workers)
• 65 % African Americans fell in to this category
Social Security Act
• Using the chart on the back and the book, identify what
those major programs accomplished, and who might have
opposed them
Your task….