Any ideas how?
Old Stone Age
That old pale stone
 Were generally nomads or wandered from place to
place in search of food.
 How did they get their food?
 Hunter/gatherers
 They lived in clans or tribes
 Had oral language
 Technology: digging tools, knives, needles, harpoons,
etc.
 The ability to use FIRE!
 Any idea why this is so important?
From: Fertile Crescent
To: All Continents
-except Antartica
Shift from food gathering to food production
 Slash and Burn Farming: cut trees and grasses and
burn to clear field, next year move on to a new location
 Domestication: taming animals by farms and pastoral
nomads (cattle ranchers)
 Irrigation: diversion of water to crop
fields by means of canals and ditches
 Jarmo (in Iraq)
 Zargos Mtns have good environmental conditions for
wild grains and animals
 Discovered by Robert Braidwood
 on population…
 on jobs…
 on nomadic way of life…
Places near water. Why?
Advantages
Cultural development
Food surplus
Protection
Religion
Access to goods
Easy Travel
Brings animals
Disadvantages
Flood
Fire
Natural disasters
Disease
Easy for enemies to reach
you
Brings animals
Allepo
Jericho
Nippur
Ur
 Cities
 Record Keeping
 Large population
 Tracks laws, debts,
 Trade center
payments, etc
 Writing needed
 Scribes
 Cuneiform
 Job specialization
 You do one job
 Artisan
 Institutions
 Government
 Religion
 economy
 Advanced Technology
 arts and architecture,
 public works,
 bronze
 Changes in Physical
Environment
 Weather Changes.
 Floods and other
natural
catastrophes.
 Interaction With
People
 War
 Building of CityStates
 Empire building
 Trade