American Nationalism,
Industrialization, and King Cotton
American Nationalism
• Nationalism: The belief that the
interests of the Nation as a whole are
more important than regional
interests or the interests of other
nations.
–
–
–
–
–
Americans are very nationalistic
American Flag
The Star Spangled Banner
The Great Seal of the US
The Pledge of Allegiance
Nationalism & Domestic Policy
John Marshall: Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
1801-1835
– Decided 2 major decisions to increase Nationalism and the
power of the Federal Government
Nationalism & Domestic Policy
• Gibbons v. Ogden
• Odgen was a steam boad operator who
had exclusive permission from State of NY
to operate his steamboats on Hudson
River.
• Gibbons sued saying he should have same
right to operate his steamboat.
• Courts in NY upheld the monopoly as
legal.
• Who gives permission to transport
between states using rivers? Federal or
State?
• Supreme Court sides with Fed. Gov.
• Federal Law ALWAYS overrules state law
• Nationalism trumps Sectionalism
Nationalism & Foreign Policy
1818 British Treaty: Disarm
Canadian Border—end tension
between US and Britain
• Adams-Onis Treaty 1819: (US
& Spain)
– Florida ceded to the US from
Spain at a cost of $5 million
• Oregon Territory—work to take
it from the British outright
Nationalism & Foreign Policy
The Monroe Doctrine:
• The USA wants to protect Possibilities for later US territory
• US Claims NEW Foreign policy to Protect future Interests
• The USA would view ANY European attempts to further colonize
the Americas as “Dangerous to USA Peace and safety.”
• The USA WILL not interfere in Europe – The USA Expects Europe will
not interfere in the Americas
Industrialization Came Late to
America
• People came to America for the plentiful
land.
– They were primarily farmers prior to 1750.
– They didn’t want to be confined to a
factory.
– There was little money for investment.
– The market for manufactured goods was
small.
– Great Britain guarded her manufacturing
secrets.
©2003 www.BeaconLearningCenter.com
7
Causes for the Industrial Revolution in the U.S.
• Eli Whitney started the process.
– He was considered the father of
manufacturing.
• Cotton gin
– Made cotton production profitable
– Provided raw material for textile
factories
– Picking and separating cotton from
its seed was very labor intensive
and not profitable
– Cotton gin separated the cotton
from the seeds easily
– Cotton becomes more profitable
– Slavery was dying out…until cotton
gin
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=bns6aKfrIjA&list=PLPJ6OyXTPGYa
VWXMpYqUobQN1vJapN1Ts
©2003 www.BeaconLearningCenter.com
8
Types of Industry-Location
• The first factories were
textile mills in New England
for several reasons.
– Poor soil encouraged manufacturing
– The dense population provided workers.
– Seaports were available to import raw
materials.
– Rivers provided a source of power.
– A shortage of goods from England
inspired new mills.
©2003 www.BeaconLearningCenter.com
9
New Industries Flourished
• Firearms manufacture was an
important industry.
• Eli Whitney.
– He invented interchangeable parts for
guns.
– This paved the way for mass production.
– This gave the North superiority in
weaponry for the military.
©2003 www.BeaconLearningCenter.com
10
Working Conditions
• Working conditions were poor in the
factories.
• They were poorly ventilated, lighted, and
heated.
• Hours were long.
• Wages were low.
©2003 www.BeaconLearningCenter.com
11
Child Labor
• Scarce labor made
factories turn to using
children.
• Half of the factory
laborers were children
under ten years old in
1820.
• Conditions caused
children to be
mentally, emotionally,
and physically
stunted.
©2003 www.BeaconLearningCenter.com
12