HARIDWAR
YESTERDAY, TODAY &
TOMORROW
“The Ganga, especially, is the river of India,
beloved of her people, round which are interwined
her memories, her hopes and fears, her songs of
triumph, her victories and her defeats. She has
been a symbol of India’s age long culture and
civilization, ever changing, ever flowing, and yet
ever the same Ganga.”
Jawaharlal Nehru, First Prime Minister of India
Unique Haridwar
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Nature’s blessing
Abode of God
Religious faith
Religious Tourism
High per capita expenditure by The Government
World largest gathering
Can generate social reforms
The Mystic Past of Haridwar
• Haridwar is 300 KMS from Gangotri alongside 2500 KMS run of River GANGA.
• MYTHOLOGICAL STORIES Legend of King Sagar
 Penance by Prince Bhagirath
 Absolution of Sin of 60000 Princes by Brahma by Heavenly Ganga
 Shiva controls turbulent Ganga on earth
• Refered in Mahabhart / Ramayana.
• Early Name Mayapuri / Gangadwar / Kapila.
• Around 4000 yrs. old city. Terracota culture dating 1700 B.C. found.
• Jain Tithankar Shri Adinath meditated in Mayapuri (1000 B.C.)
• Part of Kushan Empire around First Centuary A.D.
• Visit of Chinese Pilgrim Huien Tsang in 634 A.D. calls the city MO-YU- LO and
mentions of 3 miles city, and grand Temple of Mayadevi.
• Har-Ki-Pauri Ghat constructed by King Vikramaditya, patron of poet Kalidasa
(57 B.C. to 6 Century A.D.) on elder brother name Bhartihari who died in Haridwar.
• Brahmkund- Stretch of river beneath Har-ki-Pauri. King Shveta penanced here and
in Grant of boon asked that Brahma, Vishnu & Shiva be always present at the spot.
• 7th / 8th Centrury institution of Akhara, a monastery for militant naga
ascetics emerges.
• Taimur-I-Lang in 14th Century A.D. looted pilgrims, in Kumbh Mela on his
way back to Samarkand.
• In 15th Century city came to be known as Haridwar. Akbar had a mint records
Abul Fazal.
• Raja Mansingh of Amer renovated Har-ki-Pauri.
• Visit of Jehangir, first European Thomas Cory (1608) coinciding with Kumbh.
• Numerous paintings of Thomas and William Daniel during 1786 & 1794 are
first visual records of the city.
•Capt. Thomas Skinner & Lt. George Francis white visited Kumbh of 1830 and
write vivid account of Mela.
• Idea of canal proposed in 1836 approved in 1848 and Maj. P.T. Cautley was
tasked for the project. 45 M canal till Allahabad was inaugurated by Lord Dalhousie
on 08 Apr 1854 bifurcated into 3 streams of river.
• 1868, State Municipal Committee formed for development of Haridwar.
• Epidemics of Cholera and Plague had stuck city in 1793, 1892 & 1897. Sewage
lines were laid in1936.
• Railway link to Laksar in 1885.
• Railway link to Dehradun in 1891.
• Railway link to Rishikesh in 1926.
• Commissioning of BHEL in 1965.
• Formerly part of Roorkee Tehsil, was made Tehsil in 1984.
• District Head Quarter in 1988.
• Formation of Uttaranchal in 2000.
Haridwar Today
• Paradise for Nature lovers.
• Faith of Millions – The Journey of Life.
• Kumbh- World largest Congregation of Humans
• Paradox of Population
• Navratna PSU to its Credit
• Growing Industrial township of SIDCUL
• Pride of 5 Universities – Shantikunj, Sanskrit, Gurukul, IIT , Patanjali Yogapeeth
• Rajaji National Park
• Imperatives of Socio- economic changes. Growing religious tourism
• Ayurvedic medicine industry.
The Key Issues Of Haridwar
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Physical Growth and Environmental Aspects
Water Supply
- 50 % Shortfall
Sewerage
- Available to 25 % population
Stromwater Drainage
– Not Managed
Solid Waste Management – A key problem
Roads and Transport
– Roads/ Parking / No sufficient means.
Urban Poor
– Average per Capita of Rs. 2999 per annum
Institution and Governance – Not adequate in terms of quantity &
quality
 Municipal Finance of HNPP and Finance of Para-statals- The
delivery mechanism of public finance has more questions than
answer.
Reasons For Unplanned Growth Of Town
 Linear development as a result of mountains in the
north and river Ganga in south.
 Unauthorised housing construction on un-developed
land within the Municipal boundary.
 Lack of recreation facilities and open spaces.
 Mixed land use in core congested city areas.
 Heterogeneous traffic (including hand crafts) on main
roads, lack of proper parking areas, narrow roads,
unplanned traffic junctions etc. causing severe traffic
problems and danger to pedestrians.
Institutional Profile
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Haridwar Municipal Council
Haridwar Development Authority
Uttarakhand Pey Jal Nigam
Uttarakhand Jal Sansthan
Public Works Department
Regional Transport Office
Uttarakhand State Electricity Board
Uttarakhand State Environment Protection and
Pollution Control Board
Uttarakhand State Urban Development Agency
Uttarakhand Transport Corporation
Irrigation Department
Key Urban Social Issues
A.
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The Key Issues
Drinking water supply in the slums is not adequate.
Practice of open defecation exists in some slums.
Absence of sewer in many areas.
Solid waste is poorly managed in most of the
slums.
Drains are mostly open and as a result often
blocked as solid waste is dumped in them.
Community infrastructure is not sufficient.
B.
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The Specific Needs in the Slums
Providing sufficient, timely and uniform supply of
potable water.
Installing public stand post.
Laying of new sewer connection or connecting
slum latrines to existing sewer line.
Initiating solid waste management, especially
segregation at source.
Construction of side drains.
Paving approach roads.
Maintenance of street lights.
Organising residents in the participatory process.
 Utilisation of existing community centers as base offices of
community based complaint redress system.
 Establishing a community development cell in the NPP and
deploying an officer, who could be a link between the NPP and
the base offices.
 Launching awareness programme.
 Securing land tenure to the residents and providing low cost
housing. EWS housing schemes should be targeted at
registered slum dwellers. In-situ up gradation should be given
priority within such schemes.
 Convergence of various poverty alleviation programmes.
 Involvement of Community Based Organisations (CBOs) / NonGovernment Organisations (NGOs) in the whole process.
Road and Transport
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Elevated road for pedestrians.
Traffic through water way
Public transport system for Haridwar city.
Dedicated Bus corridors, Bus bays and terminals.
Key Issues Relating To Heritage And Tourism
 Heritage structures on private properties.
 Religious sensitive Areas.
 Absence of long term strategy for heritage
conservation.
 Encroachments on Ghats and around temples
 Untapped Tourism Potential.
 Lack of initiatives for high end tourism.
 Lack of private sector investment.
 Lack of adequate sanitation facilities
 Lack of public interface to guide the tourists.
 Development of open spaces and islands for
tourisms.
Tomorrow (Vision 2030)
 Faith imbibes faith will provide solace to materialistic
generations to come.
 Pedestal of culture and tradition
 City Population – 3.5 Lakhs
Inbound Travel – 300 Lakhs
 Industrial Hub
 Platform of Social and Religious Reforms
 Life style changes - need to maintain sanctity
Haridwar Vision
The city of Haridwar aspires to be
“A City of Hope, Faith and Spirituality”
Vision Statement
Haridwar will develop into an international destination
of pilgrimage and tourism, in keeping with its rich
cultural heritage, pristine surroundings and strategic
location on the pilgrimage route and will emerge as a
fast growing urban centre led by economic
development.
Strategic Objectives
 Integrated development to provide facilities to citizens
and tourists.
 Develop Tourism in Haridwar in sectors of Pilgrimage,
eco Tourism and Adventure Tourism.
 Environmentally sustainable development to preserve
the surrounding natural resources.
Vision Statement
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Beautiful City
Clean and Green City
Pollution free
Global City of Hope, Faith and Spirituality
Vatican of Hindus
Integrated Services for residents and floating
Population
Adequate public transport and parking facilities
Improvement of basic services in slums
Land development and affordable housing for all
Public recreational facilities
Urban aesthetics
Environmentally sustainable
Good governance and departmental coordination
Haridwar City Perspective and Vision
 Gateway to Chardham, the four holy shrines in Uttarakhand.
 Its significance as ‘Gangadwar’ as Haridwar is the first
marked town where Ganga touches the plains,.
 An ancient town of religious importance with an array of
important temples and sacred water bodies, most important
being Brahmkund at ‘Har-ki-Pauri’.
 One of the four locations in the country for Kumbh organized
every twelve years attracting millions of people from all
economic classes.
 International destination of religious tourism which is an
industry in itself in the present day economic perspective.
 Emerging destination of eco tourism and adventure tourism.
 Growing centre for Ayurvedic treatment, Yoga and Spiritual
pursuits.
 Economic growth centre driven by development of Integrated
Industrial Estate (IIE) by SIDCUL.
Physical Growth and Environmental Aspects
Vision and
Goals
Issues
Physical urban
growth is
Vision:
constrained by
To promote
Shivalik
ecologically
sustainable and mountain range
in the North and
planned
development for Northeast and
citizens and the river Ganga in
the South.
tourists.
Ribbon
development
along the main
corridor of town
creating traffic
congestion.
Strategies
Old Town
Area around Har-Ki-Pauri to be
declared as a “Special Zone”
and should have controlled
development. In the long term,
this zone should have only
public transport and pedestrian
ways which entails provision of
proper parking areas at suitable
nodes.
Conservation / preservation of
heritage buildings.
Remove encroachments from
heritage precincts.
Vision and
Goals
Goals:
To restore the
historical
character of the
old town.
To integrate
development in
the peri urban
areas.
To preserve and
conserve the
environmental
and ecologically
sensitive area.
Issues
Strategies
Identify and develop norms for
ecologically fragile areas and
Mixed land use preparation of natural disaster
mitigation plan.
in old areas.
Widening of Upper road as well as
Deteriorating
development of alternate routes to
environmental
Har-Ki-Pauri.
quality in old
Strict enforcement of development
areas.
controls to restrict construction
Encroachment
along roads and activities in old town area.
Revision of byelaws to include
on ghats.
appropriate controls and
Slums and
architectural guidelines for built
squatter
structures to enhance aesthetics.
settlements
Improve old congested areas of
along the river
Jwalapur and Kankhal.
and canal.
Vision and
Goals
Issues
Acute
congestion in
Jwalapur due to
unauthorized
growth.
Unauthorized
construction on
undeveloped
land.
Lack of
affordable
housing.
Encroachments
on
undeveloped
open spaces.
Strategies
New town areas
Urban Growth Directions
Promote Growth in areas with good
connectivity, availability of land for
expansion and suitable terrain for
development. Future development
should be promoted towards west.
Future development on Laksar road
should be regulated to preserve the rich
agricultural fields.
Restrict development on Najibabad
Road. Eco-tourism based activities
should be encouraged on Najibabad
Road.
Strict enforcement of development
controls to preserve hills, forests and
rivers.
Vision and
Goals
Issues
Strategies
Necessary measures to make it
mandatory for use of alternative
fuels (i.e. CNG) and improve traffic
management system of the city.
Wider coverage of the city by
sewerage network and house
connections and providing
treatment facilities of the sewage
for its safe disposal.
Proper maintenance of the existing
sewers and water supply pipelines
to ensure minimum leakage.
Vision and
Goals
Issues
Strategies
Preserve and enhance the green
areas, parks, gardens, river-side
plantation and Islands.
Identified open spaces to be
developed with parking,
community facilities and
landscaping.
Industrialization
Master Plan should include land
use provisions and zoning
regulation for environment friendly
industrial development.
Strict enforcement of zoning
regulations to ensure planned
development particularly in respect
of location of industrial units.
Vision and
Goals
Issues
Strategies
Environment
Pollution due to
increased
vehicular traffic.
Pollution of the
River Ganga.
Monitoring of air
and noise
pollution.
Collection,
Transportation and
Safe Disposal of
Solid waste
Land Slide from
Mansa Devi Hill.
Provide adequate provisions for parks,
green belts and plantation of trees at
the plantation stage for development of
an area.
Protection of environmental resources
such as forest, land and water body.
Plantation of appropriate tree species
on the existing roadsides and
conducting regular tree census.
Framing byelaws to incorporate
environment protection at city level.
City greening by involvement of private
sector, NGOs and citizens groups.
The new master plan should address
Environmental aspects e.g., river
pollution, prevention of soil erosion from
the surrounding hills and natural
hazards.
Vision and Strategies for Heritage and Tourism
Vision
To develop
Haridwar as
an
international
tourism
destination by
tapping the
potential of
cultural
heritage, eco
tourism,
adventure
tourism in
Haridwar
besides being
a major
pilgrimage
centre.
Issues
Absence of long term
strategy for heritage
conservation.
Encroachments on
Ghats and around
temples.
Private ownership of
heritage structures.
Untapped tourism
potential.
Lack of initiatives for
high end tourism.
Lack of private sector
investment.
Inadequate tourism
infrastructure
especially sanitation
facilities.
Strategies
Preparation of tourism master
plan with the objective of
developing Haridwar as a
tourist centre of international
standard.
Create a nodal institution for
heritage conservation.
Create database of cultural
heritage.
Make provision for the
government to intervene in
respect of heritage conservation
on private properties.
Encourage private sector.
Participation for developing
tourist infrastructure.
Effective Marketing strategy to
promote tourism.
Proposed Project for Heritage and Tourism
S.N.
Project
Description / Remarks
Implementin
g Agency
1.
Preparation of
Tourism Master
Plan
Consultants and tertiary stakeholders
felt that a tourism master plan will be
crucial in identifying and tapping the
tourist potential
Tourism
Department
2.
Tourist
Information
Centre
including Rain
Basera (Night
Halts)
Stakeholders raised the need to have
a single authorized tourist information
centre in Haridwar. They also felt an
urgent need to have shelters for
beggars.
Tourism
Department,
HDA
3.
Landscaping of
open areas
Temple complexes-Daksh Mahadev,
Mayadevi, Narayanishila,
Bhairavnath, Bhimgoda
Proposed by HAD and Tourism
Department
HDA, Tourism
Department
S.N.
Project
Description / Remarks
Implementin
g Agency
4.
Beatification of
Dhyankunj area and
Temple Complexes
Temple complexes-Daksh
Mahadev, Mayadevi,
Narayanishila, Bhairavnath,
Bhimgoda
Proposed by HDA and Tourism
Department
HDA
5.
Entrance Gateways
at Chidiyapur,
Bhagwanpur and
Gurukul Narsan
Proposed by Ganga Sabha to
create a mark of the old
religious town of Haridwar
HDA
6.
Development of a
tourist park at
laljiwala
Proposed by Tourism
Department
Tourism
Department
7.
Public toilets for
tourists at 18
locations
Proposed by Tourism
Department and HDA to cater
to the high influx of tourists.
Tourism
Department /
Haridwar NPP
S.N.
Project
Description / Remarks
Implementin
g Agency
Provision for public toilets not
given separately, however, Rs.
13 Crores are earmarked for
health Department.
8.
Installation of
boards giving
historical
significance at all
the heritage
structures
Proposed by citizens and
INTACH
Tourism
Department
9.
A study of
landscape features
and
recommendations
for plantation in
open areas
Such a study would lead to a
systematic plantation in the
open areas which is beneficial
from all the stakeholders
HDA / irrigation
Department
S.N.
10.
Project
Description / Remarks
Long Term Heritage In the absence of a clear cut
Conservation Plan
policy by GoU for conservation
of Heritage on Public and
Private Properties, it is difficult
to propose a project. However,
a fund may be created with
private parties and NGOs with
an initial corpos of Rs. 2.5
Crores from JNNURM funds. It
will also include short term
initiatives such as construction
of steps to Mansa Devi etc.
Implementin
g Agency
GoU, HDA,
INTACH and
other
institutions in
Haridwar
Role of Private Sector in Urban Infrastructure
Provision
 Solid waste management, especially transportation,
disposal and composting
 Maintenance of parks and gardens.
 Infrastructure creation such as off-street parking,
roads and fly-overs, bus stands.
 Provision of basic facilities during the various melas
that are held in the town.
 Street lighting etc.
Road Blocks
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Lack of awareness
Myopic vision
Pessimism
Helpness
Expenditure in phases
Lack of civic society participation
Way Ahead
Dream
Believe
Way ahead
See
Tell
Plan
Work
 Vision statement to provide soul and direction
 Govt. in facilitation role
 Civic society participation
 Correction in attitude / dynamics of changes
 Understanding of Haridwar Uniqueness
 Create mass want
Vision
Formula 4 Success….
If A to Z was given value of 1 to 26
Then,
H+A+R+D+W+O+R+K =
8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11 = 98%
K+N+O+W+L+E+D+G+E =
11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5 = 96%
L+O+V+E = 12+15+22+5 = 54%
L+U+C+K = 12+21+3+11 = 47%
(None of them makes 100%)…
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Then what makes 100% ?
Is it Money / Leadership…….. No!!!
A+T+T+I+T+U+D+E = 1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5 = 100%
Don’t you think so ?
Mechanics of Change
R
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REJECTION
A
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ACRIMONY
M
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MELLOWING
A
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ACCEPTANCE
 Administrative reforms
 Segregation of Management
• City
• Industrial city
• Heritage city
 Special Exclusive Spiritual Zone (SESZ)
 Haridwar as World heritage city
 Haridwar Development Enclave
 Participation of all stakeholders
 Integration of Resources and knowledge for single unified
aim
 Road map to world class city
 International Museum of Religion
 Are we ready for this
 Can HMA be the instrument of Change?
Call
‘There is always a first step in the journey of
thousand miles’
THANK YOU