Rwanda’s Efforts towards MDGs and
ICPD
Consultations on SRH meeting
Serena, Kigali, September 27th 2012
What do internationally agreed Goals (MDGs
& ICPD) mean to us?

Milestones towards our Vision 2020 & Medium Term
Socio-economic plan (EDPRS)

MDGs helped focus on strategic priorities and have been
adapted to the local context

Monitoring and Evaluation of ICPD and MDGs is also
integrated to the national M&E system

The National Dialogue discusses progress on MDGs

A decade ago (and at time of Cairo ICPD94), the
situation in Rwanda was worse than in the early 90s, so
it required strong focus and commitment.
Poverty levels are reducing….
More than one million Rwandans got out of poverty
80%
77%
70%
Proportion
60%
60.40%
58%
57%
50%
44.90%
40%
30%
30.20%
Proportion below poverty line
20%
Linear projection
10%
0%
1990
1994
2000
2005/06
2010/11
2015
•More in rural(13.2%) than urban(6.4%) => reduced
inequality
• We can achieve MDG 1(30.2%)
With Food Security, malnutrition is
being eradicated…
45%
42.80%
Proportion underweight
40%
35%
30%
28%
25%
24.50%
19.00%
20%
14.50%
15%
11.00%
Proportion of U5 underweight
10%
5%
Linear projection
0%
1990
1994
2000
2005/06
2010
2015
MDG on under-five malnutrition already achieved(we
are at 11% while MDG target was 14.5%)
3
Allow to show you the situation by 2005,
Rwanda was off-Track for MDG1
1990
1995
2000
2005
2015
target
Status
Off
Track
Poverty headcount N/A
(%)
78
60
57
30
Extreme poverty
incidence (%)
N/A
N/A
41
37
21
29.2
N/A
24.3
22.5
Prevalence of
under 5
malnutrition (%
underweight)
Off
Track
14.5 Off
Track
MDG1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger,
We are now on track for MDG1
1990
Poverty headcount N/A
(%)
Extreme poverty
incidence (%)
Prevalence of
under 5
malnutrition (%
underweight)
1995 2005 2010/11
78
57
45
N/A
N/A
37
24
29.2
N/A
23
11
2015
target
Status
30
On
track
21
On
track
14.5 Done
MDG1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty & Hunger


High economic growth rates since 2000
EDPRS 1





Since 2008, higher growth rates in agriculture
The Vision 2020 Umurenge (VUP) flagship program of Rwanda’s EDPRS
The one-cow per family (Girinka) program
The Ubudehe program allows the community to be part of the solution to
reduce their poverty
Challenges remain post-2015

For sustainability of results => EDPRS 2
MDG2: Universal Primary Education
1990 1995
Net primary
enrolment (%)
62
70
Completion
rate in primary
school (%)
N/A N/A
2000 2010/11
2015
target
Status
72
91.7
100
On
track
22
81
100
On
track
 Enrolment has increased with introduction of feefree 9 year basic education
…..But quality proved to be a big challenge.
MDG2: Universal Primary Education

Facing arising challenges:
 Managing access shock:
 Need to build more schools and train more teachers (pupil
to teacher ratio from 51 in 2000 to 64 in 2009)
 Increase availability of textbooks and teaching aide


Managing financial sustainability of fee-free basic education
 Education solidarity fund (for vulnerable children) at district
level
 Since 2003 capitation grants to schools were introduced
Quality also implies adequacy to labour market needs
MDG3: Gender Disparity
1990 1995
Women participation 17
in parliament (%)
Gender equality:
primary education
&
secondary education



2000
latest
2015 Status
target
15.6
25
56
50
Done
N/A
44.4
50
50
Done
N/A
48.7
51.1
50
Done
In 2003, new Constitution giving at least 30% of seats to women
Laws discriminating against women have been abolished
Changing culture is not as easy as amending laws (domestic
violence, economic empowerment move slower)
MDGs 4 and 5: a healthier population
Maternal mortality
Number of Deaths per 100,000
1200
250
Under- five mortality
1071
800
600
Number of Deaths
1000
750
611
500
476
200
150
151
152
100
400
Number of deaths
Number of Deaths
200
196
268
50
Linear projection
0
1990
1992
2000
2005
2010
2015
Linear projection
76
50
0
1990 2000 2005 2010 2015
MDG 4&5: Child & Maternal Mortality

Facing arising challenges:

Child and Maternal mortality ratios need reducing
further
 Introduction
of Community Health Workers is
instrumental in getting children treated within
24hours of onset of fever, pneumonia and diarrhea
(leading causes of childhood deaths)
 Increase
access to reproductive health services (family
planning: unmet FP need at 19%), improving antenatal
and emergency obstetrical care
 Quality
of health care in general
MDG6: HIV/AIDS, Malaria & other Diseases
1990 2000
HIV prevalence in
population aged
15-24 (%)
2005
2010
2015 Status
target
N/A
13.9
3
3
On
track
N/A
51
26
13
On
Track
Malaria related
deaths (%)
 Access to ARVs increased to reach universal access (covered
under health mutuelles)
Pregnant
women and children under 5 getting free impregnated
bednets (75% of U5 in 2010).

Ongoing National campaign “eradicating malaria in Rwanda”
MDG7: Environment Sustainability
Land area covered
by forest (%)
Terrestrial area
protected (%)
Access to improved
water source (%)
Access to improved
sanitation

1990
2000 2005 2010/ 2015 Status
11 Target
NA
12.4
N/A
64
NA
51.5
20
22
25
On
track
8
10.1
10
On
track
64
74.5
82
On
track
58.5
74.5
On
track
Protection against soil erosion, banning the use of plastic bags,
planting trees but challenge of adaption
4 selected lessons to build on…

Working together – with participation of population (e.g.
Fast tracking 9YBE, Agriculture CIP, Health achievements) – it has
proven cost effective and rapid

Many home-grown initiatives turning into success stories

Putting in place the adequate institutional/ legal
framework for implementation –(e.g. RDB, REB, EWSA, etc.)

Improved service delivery where ICT has been well
mainstreamed (e.g. Immigration services, business registration,
financial sector, IFMIS, etc.)

Ownership of and alignment of resources have made the
V2020, MDGs and the EDPRS useful guiding strategies
14
Conclusion




All MDGs in Rwanda are achievable: there has been
substantial progress in many areas over the last decade
We need to keep up and/or scale up efforts for greater
impact – in some areas
Also need to deliver on economic progress to
strengthen impact and ensure sustainability of results
Faster and improved delivery: There is a sense of
urgency to achieve set targets!!
“ We do not allow statistics make us forget that
we are dealing with Rwandan people’s lives”
THANK YOU