CCB
STANDARDS:
Introduction
©2011 Rainforest Alliance
Climate, Community and
Biodiversity Alliance
In-depth training
RAINFOREST ALLIANCE
The Rainforest Alliance works to conserve biodiversity and
ensure sustainable livelihoods by transforming land- use practices,
business practices and consumer behavior
60+ Countries
35,000+ Members
Founding FSC member and world’s largest certifier
Hosts of the Sustainable Agricultural Network
Secretariat
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AUDITING EXPERIENCE
• Founded in 1986 (SmartWood launched 1989)
• Over two decades experience in forest auditing
• Seven years auditing to carbon/climate standards
• Accredited ISO 14065 validation/verification body (VVB)
to voluntary carbon market standards
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Materials prepared for Rainforest Alliance by:
Jenny Henman and Leo Peskett
Climate Adapt Ltd
London, UK
jennyhenman@climateadapt.co.uk
Photographs should not be used without consent.
© J.Henman
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AIM OF THE INTRODUCTION MODULE
Standards
Overview
Course
overview
1. Overview of the Climate, Community and
Biodiversity (CCB) Standards, including uses and
evaluation
2. Course overview, setting out the objectives of the
course and how to navigate the training
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INTRODUCTION TO THE CCB STANDARDS
“
The Climate, Community and Biodiversity (CCB) Standards were
created to foster the development and marketing of projects that
deliver credible and significant climate, community and biodiversity
benefits in an integrated, sustainable manner.
CCB Standards, 2008, Second Edition
”
© J.Henman
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE
The main standards
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THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE
Issue VERs (verified emissions reductions)
h
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THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE
Issue VERs ex-ante: before project start
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THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE
Issue VERs ex-post: after verification
h
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CDM
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THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE
Limited project types allowed
CDM
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THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE
Regionally Specific
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THE VOLUNTARY CARBON STANDARD LANDSCAPE
Includes biodiversity and/or community benefits
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CCB STANDARDS
Allows broad range of project types
Projects can be anywhere in the world
Projects can be of any size
Projects can have any start date
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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APPLICABLE PROJECT TYPES
The CCB Standards can be applied to all-land based
activities that generate GHG emissions. These include…
Agroforestry
© J.Henman
What other activities might be eligible
under the CCB Standards? 15
CCB STANDARDS AND CARBON ACCOUNTING
• CCB Standards is not a carbon accounting standard
– VERs are not issued under the CCB Standards
• Project must demonstrate net reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
• Project must follow best practice in GHG quantification
– For example, IPCC guidelines or other approved methodologies
• The CCB Standards may be used with other carbon accounting standards
• Credits from projects that are verified to CCB Standards as well as a carbon
accounting standard can be tagged with a CCB label
CDM
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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THE ROLE OF CCB STANDARDS
“The standard identifies land-based projects that are
designed to deliver robust and credible greenhouse
gas reductions while also delivering net positive
benefits to local communities and biodiversity”
It has 2 main roles:
Project Design Standard
Multiple Benefit Standard
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE CCB STANDARDS
• Two year rigorous consultative process to develop CCB Standards
• Field testing of Standard in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas
• Peer review by three leading forestry research centers: CATIE, CIFOR and
ICRAF
• 1st edition released in May 2005
• Updating of the standard through a ‘Standards Committee’, and incorporating
public comment and feedback
• 2nd edition released in December 2008
• Released the ‘ The rules for the use of the CCB Standards’ in June 2010
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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CURRENT MEMBERS OF THE CLIMATE, COMMUNITY AND
BIODIVERSITY ALLIANCE
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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COMPOSITION OF THE CCB STANDARDS 2ND EDITION
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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COMPOSITION OF THE
REDD+ SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS
Principle 1: Rights to land territories and resources are recognized and respected
Principle 2: Equitable benefits sharing among rights holders and stakeholders
Principle 3: Long term livelihood security and well-being improvement for local
communities
Principle 4: Contribution to broader sustainable development, respect and
protection of human rights and good governance objectives
Principle 5: Biodiversity and ecosystem services are maintained or enhanced
Principle 6: Participation of all relevant rights and stakeholders in the program
Principle 7: All rights and stakeholders have timely access to information enabling
informed decision making and good governance
Principle 8: Compliance with applicable laws and international treaties, conventions
and other instruments
Standards
Overview
Introduction
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USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS
• Project developers
• Investors
• Governments
Why?
© J.Henman
Standards
Overview
Uses
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USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS
• Project developers
– Guide to develop multibenefit standard
– Demonstrate benefits to
investors
– They document project in
their ‘Project Design
Document’ (PDD, or PD)
Because…..
Standards
Overview
Uses
© J.Henman
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USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS
• Investors and offset buyers
– As a screen for projects
– Identify projects that have
reduced risk by
incorporated
environmental and social
factors into design
Because…..
© J.Henman
Standards
Overview
Uses
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USERS OF THE CCB STANDARDS
• Governments
– To ensure projects contribute
to development goals
• Donor governments
– To identify Overseas
Development Assistance
(ODA) projects that satisfy
multiple international
obligations
Because…..
© J.Henman
Standards
Overview
Uses
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AUDIT PROCESS: WHO CAN AUDIT A PROJECT?
The Climate, Community and Biodiversity Alliance has set the following
qualifications for auditors:
• ‘Designated Operational Entity’ for A/R under the CDM
• Accredited as a certification body for sustainable forestry management
under the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) in the geographical area of
the project
• Accredited under ISO 14065: 2007 with an accreditation scope
specifically for the Verified Carbon Standard ( VCS) Program covering
Agriculture, Forestry or other Land Use (AFOLU)
See CCBA website for list of
accredited auditors
Standards
Overview
Evaluation to the CCB Standards
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STAGES OF EVALUATION: VALIDATION
VALIDATION: The audit of the forest carbon project’s plan (its Project Design
Document – PDD)
• Forward-looking
• Validation covers project elements including…
– predicted impacts in the with and without project scenario
– proposed quantification methodologies and monitoring protocols
• Typically, happens only one time
– Project validated against the 1st Edition of the Standards must be validated again
before verification to be brought in line with the requirements of the 2nd Edition.
– Changes in the project area, scope, etc. may also necessitate a new validation.
Standards
Overview
Evaluation to the CCB Standards
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STAGES OF EVALUATION: VERIFICATION
VERIFICATION: the process of confirming whether a statement about actual
circumstances or past performance is true and correct.
• Only statements about actual performance, events or circumstances can be
verified.
• Verification is based on an evaluation of a Project Implementation Report
• The verification should follow the monitoring plan detailed in the PDD
• Projects verified to the CCB Standards may be verified at any point after
measurable climate, community and biodiversity impacts have occurred
– Verifications must occur every 5 years
– Can occur more frequently, if the project chooses.
Standards
Overview
Evaluation to the CCB Standards
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RELEVANT CCBA PUBLICATIONS
The CCBA has produced a number of official publications in addition to the
Standards themselves:
• Rules for the use of the Climate, Community and Biodiversity Standards
• Policy announcements are released periodically to clarify interpretation of
the criteria or rules
• Auditor qualifications and approved auditor list
www.climate-standards.org
Standards
Overview
Evaluation to the CCB Standards
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CCBS VALIDATED PROJECTS BY AUDITOR
Tuv Nord JACO
As of August
2013, 73 active
projects had
been validated
to the CCB
Standards by
six approved
auditors.
Environmental
Services, Inc.
KPMG Forest
Certification
Services
Rainforest
Alliance
Det Norske
Veritas
TUV SUD
SCS
SGS
Validated Projects
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CCBS VALIDATED PROJECTS BY REGION
Oceania
US & Canada
Africa
Latin America
Validated Projects
Asia
As of August 2013, 73
active projects were
validated to the CCB
Standards in five
regions of the world.
CCB STANDARD MARKET UPTAKE
According to the 2010 Forest Carbon Offsetting Report:
• The most important factor for buyers of forest carbon credits was
certification under a recognized standard.
•There was a particular interest in the CCB Standards combined with
another carbon accounting standard
• There was a willingness to pay a price premium for the additional CCB
Standard certification.
Standards
Overview
Market Uptake
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OUR OBJECTIVES IN THIS COURSE
•
Enable auditors to be able to evaluate a project against the CCB
Standard, including what evidence to look for
•
Give project developers and assistance providers detailed insight into
how auditors evaluate the criteria of the CCB Standards
© J.Henman
Course
Overview
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HOW TO NAVIGATE THE TRAINING (1 OF 2)
The training is divided into a series of modules which each involve
presentations, examples from project design documents of projects that have
been validated to the CCB Standards, and short exercises.
•Module 1: Introduction and Overview
•Module 2: General Criteria
•Module 3 Climate
•Module 4: Community
•Module 5 Biodiversity
Course
Overview
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HOW TO NAVIGATE THE TRAINING
(2 OF 2)
• Each of the climate, community and biodiversity modules:
– Explains basic concepts or requirements
– Describes techniques and tools for quantifying climate, community and
biodiversity impacts
– Identifies possible ‘troubleshooting’ areas where auditors need to be particularly
careful in their assessment of information and where developers should take extra
care
© J.Henman
Course
Overview
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ICONS TO LOOK OUT FOR IN THE TRAINING
Useful Publication
! Things to Watch Out For
Exercise
Gold Level Tip
Course
Overview
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PHOTO COPYRIGHT AND RE-USE
•
•
•
All photos are copyright to Jenny Henman and/or Leo Peskett
Written permission is required for re-use of photos outside of these training
materials from Jenny Henman (jennyhenman@climateadapt.co.uk)
Any re-use must acknowledge on the photo Jenny Henman and/or Leo Peskett as
per the current copyright
© J.Henman
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