MWA’s POST-AGM TALK 2014
INNOVATIONS IN
WATER SUPPLY INDUSTRY BY
AIR KELANTAN SDN BHD
WATER CRISIS
WATER RATIONING BY OPERATORS
INSPIRATION FOR ANSWERS
FACT 1
َ َ‫َوأ‬
‫ض َوإِ َّنا‬
ۖ ِ ‫نز ۡل َنا ِم َن ٱل َّس َمآ ِء َمآ َۢ َء ِب َقدَ ر َفأ َ ۡس َك َّن ٰـ ُه ِفى ۡٱۡلَ ۡر‬
‫ُون‬
ِ ِۭ ‫َع َل ٰى َذ َها‬
َ ‫ب ِب ِهۦ َل َق ٰـ ِدر‬
“And We sent down
water from the sky in
measure, and We
lodged it in the earth,
and verily We are able
to take it away”
WATER CYCLE
(Qs. Al-Mu’minûn [23]: 18),
The word ‘fi’ (within) in the Qur’anic phrase /fil’ard / (within the ground), points to the
possibility that indicates underground sources of water, not sources that are above the ground.
FACT 2
CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIO
FACT 3
Presented By
Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO
New Ideas : Green Technology Innovation
Basic Of Green Ideas:
A Solution to many
problems
Reduction in
Costs
Green Tech &
Eco-friendly
Innovative &
Sustainable
Economical &
value engineering
PERFORMANCE INDICATOR
1. Energy Efficient
2. Eco Friendly
3. Green Technology / Carbon Savings
4. Optimization of Treatment Process
5. Cost Savings
INNOVATIONS BY AKSB
1. WATER SOURCE WORKS
2. HORIZONTAL COLLECTOR
WELL (HCW)
3. OZONATION WITH BUBBLING
FLOATATION METHOD OF
OXIDIZING IRON&MANGANESE
1. WATER SOURCE WORKS
1.Management of aquifer recharge (MAR)
2.Enhancement
system (RBF)
of
groundwater
recharge-riverbank
3. Subsurface storage dams (Underground Reservoir)
4. River Barrage for Artificial Recharge
5. Consultation cost & Land acquisition
filtration
STORAGE = BUFFERING
3R concept – Recharge, Retention and Reuse
• Local (cisterns) and subsurface storage (active use of
aquifer) of surface water for both water- and food security
• Its not about allocation of scarce water but to catch and
retain water and extend the chain of use and reuse as
possible within a basin
• Introduce buffer management at scale – basin by basin.
Not piecemeal/scattered
• Subsurface storage largest potential in terms of Volume
Rainfall Average Kota Bharu 2000-2010
25.0
20.0
15.0
Rainfall Average Kota Bharu 2000-2010
10.0
5.0
0.0
Jan
Feb
Mac
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Ogs
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
KELANTAN RIVER
BASIN
RESERVOIR IN THE CITY CONCEPT
River Barrage Functions
1. Control of Reservoir Level and Flood Control
2. To impound fresh water in reservoir and
exclude seawater from entering the reservoir.
3. To release storm water flows to sea before the
raising of the fresh water impoundment in
reservoir for flood control and prevention.
AN EXAMPLE OF RIVER BARRAGE STRUCTURE
2. HORIZONTAL COLLECTOR WELL (HCW)
HCW
SUNGAI
Presented By
Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO

Construction Process Of HCW
Riverbank Filtration System – Advantages
3 Aspects of Reduction:
REDUCTION ON COSTS
-Operational Cost
- Energy Cost
COSTS
- Maintenance Cost
REDUCTION ON RISKS
- Quality of Water
RISKS
- Failure on Operation
- Environmental Damages
REDUCTION ON THREATS
- Climate Change Impact
- Pollution of River
- ‘War’ on Use of Water
THREATS
Energy Efficient & Costs Savings
1. Energy Costs reduced– + High Eff.Pumps & VSD
2. Maintenance is minimised – Excavators, Pumps
3. Filter operation is optimized – less backwash
4. Very Little Sludge – no sludge management
5. Optimization of WTP Whole Operation
Energy savings up to 45% with the RBF effect and VSD usage.
TURBIDITY OF RAW WATER (NTU)
2010
TURBIDITY OF RAW WATER (NTU)
PRODUCTION AFTER COMPLETION OF JELI WTP WORKS
RBF – HCW PROJECTS
NO.
WATER TREATMENT PLANT
CAPACITY
(mld)
COMPLETION
DATE
10
10/2010
1.
Jeli-Pasir Dusun, Jeli
2.
Ayer Lanas-Gemang, Jeli
8
4/2011
3.
Kuala Balah, Jeli
8
4/2011
4.
Stong-Dabong, Jeli
3
7/2011
5.
Bertam Baru, Gua Musang
4
9/2012
6.
Peralla, Tanah Merah
2
10/2012
7.
Pasir Tumboh, Kota Bharu
25
12/2012
8.
Wakaf Bunut, Pasir Puteh
25
12/2012
9.
Pintu Geng, Kota Bharu
30
2/2013
10.
Wakaf Bharu, Tumpat
20
2/2013
11.
Sg.Ketil, Gua Musang
20
10/2013
12.
Kelar, Pasir Mas (2 nos.)
50
PLANNING
27
28
KELANTAN EXPERIENCE :
RBF IN JELI
29
JELI WTP WITH RBF SYSTEM
SEDIMENTATION TANK
AERATOR
PROCESS UNIT
FILTER TANK
REFURBISH EXISTING BUILDING
TREATED WATER PUMPS
KELANTAN EXPERIENCE :
RBF IN PINTU GENG, KOTA BHARU
KELANTAN EXPERIENCE :
RBF IN PINTU GENG, KOTA BHARU
Presented By
Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO
SUMMARY
RIVERBANK FILTRATION SYSTEM (RBF) :
KickOff Meeting
33
3. OZONATION WITH BUBBLING FLOATATION
METHOD OF OXIDIZING IRON & MANGANESE
fan
ozone
FI
FI
demister (option)
water out
water in
ceramic
disk
diffusors
ozone reaction tank
AIR KELANTAN SDN BHD
Presented By
Harry Mills / PRESENTATIONPRO
Objective of ‘Ozone-Oxidation’
• Oxidation of metals as iron and manganese
• Tastes and odours removal
• Oxidation of organic matters and micro
pollutants
• Algae Removal
• Improvement of the coagulation
• Colour removal
• Reduction of THM
35
BENEFITS OF OZONE : TASTE AND ODOUR CONTROL
• Taste and odour is often caused by Chlorination of
natural organic compounds: phenol, hydrogen
sulfide, algae,...
• Chlorine + Phenol = taste + toxic compound
• Oxidation of organics by ozone:
• non toxic compounds
• no taste and odour
36
BENEFITS OF OZONE : COLOUR REMOVAL
•
Colour in surface water is caused by natural organic
matters (humic-, fulvic-, tannic acids,…)
•
These matters reveal C=C bonds
•
Ozone reacts with carbon double bonds
•
A dosage of 2 to 4 mg(O3)/L leads to a strong colour
removal in most of the cases
BENEFITS OF OZONE : IRON AND MANGANESE REMOVAL
•
Ozone oxidises ferrous and manganese to insoluble
compounds
•
Chlorine does not oxidise manganese
•
Fe/Mn removal commonly takes place in pre-ozonation
•
Metal hydroxides may be removed on sand filters
What is Ozone …
O(3)ZONE .. The Molecule
Molecular weight:
48 g/mol
Density @ 1013 mbar, 0°C:
2,14 kg/m³
Max. limit for ambient level:
0,1 ppm
Comparison of oxidants:
-OH radical
0,2 mg/m³air - Chlorine
2,80 V
1,36 V
Odor threshold:
0,01 ppm
- Oxygen (mol.)
1,23 V
Redox potential:
2,07 V
- Chlorinedioxide
1,27 V
- Hypochlorite
1,49 V
Strongest oxidant, effective disinfectant !
Generation on site only !
Blue, pungent and strong smelling gas
OZONE [greek = smelling]
39
NATURAL OZONE
LIGHTNING-HIGH VOLTAGE
OXYGEN O2
OXYGEN O2
OZONE O3
Ozone generation inside an electrical field
Generator
inlet
Energy (Ozone Generator)
Generator
outlet
Electrical Field
Electrical Field
Heat
Oxygen containing
feedgas
(Air/LOX)
Free oxygen atoms
and
oxygen molecules
Product gas:
Ozone-Feedgas
mixture
WEDECO EFFIZON HP Technology
Ozone gas outlet
Cooling water outlet
High Voltage
Ozone Generator Vessel
Stainless Steel (316TI)
(similar to tube heat exchanger)
Cooling water inlet
Grounded
Feedgas inlet
Cooling
water
Feedgas
LOX/Air
PI
TI
PASHL
TI
FI
TI
PI
FIRC
Cooling
water
M
O3zone
to
process
High Voltage
Connection
5,500 V
1-1000 Hz
Cooling
water
400 V
50 Hz
5,500 V
1-1000 Hz
ON
Main
Switch
PSU 1
High
PLC
Main
High
Voltage
Voltage
Transformer
Transformer
Rectifier section > Inverter section > Step-up transformer
Grounding
PSU 2
Cooling
water
Switch
Step-up transformer < Inverter section < Rectifier section
400 V
50 Hz
Basics of Ozone generation
Adavantages of WEDECO
EFFIZON HP Electrode
 Long life operation (10 years guarantee)
 No maintenance for electrodes required
 Higher performance and efficiency concerning
power consumption
 Better and efficient cooling
 More compact geometry leads to smaller foot
prints
Oxygen gas
Supply
PLC
and
SCADA
Ozone destructors
Ozone Generators
Cooling Water supply
Nano Bubbling
systems
Measurement devices
Nano-Bubbling Method Effects Initial growth of plants
Tap water
Oxygen nano-bubble water
THE OPERATION OF PINTU GENG WTP
WATER QUALITY DATA : TREATED WATER ANALYSIS
10.00
9.00
8.00
7.00
6.00
Kekeruhan (NTU)
pH
5.00
Baki Klorin (mg/L)
4.00
BESI,(Fe)
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
JAN
Kekeruhan (NTU)
pH
Baki Klorin (mg/L)
BESI,(Fe)
FEB
MAC
JAN
6.13
5.91
0.39
2.39
APR
FEB
7.29
6.20
0.19
1.98
MEI
MAC
5.43
6.32
0.92
1.48
JUL
APR
8.87
6.25
0.43
2.38
OGOS
MEI
8.94
6.37
0.55
2.36
SEP
JUL
0.42
7.02
1.63
0.11
OGOS
0.55
6.78
1.90
0.15
SEP
0.71
7.12
1.72
0.14
THE OPERATION OF PINTU GENG WTP
WATER QUALITY DATA : TREATMENT ANALYSIS
Pintu Geng WTP : Raw Water vs Treated Water
18
16
14
12
10
Raw water Oct 2013
Treated water Oct 2013
8
TARGET LEVEL
6
4
2
0
Fe
Turb
Mn
pH
Raw water Oct 2013
1.05
15.8
0.106
5.82
Treated water Oct 2013
0.09
0.24
0.014
6.68
TARGET LEVEL
0.3
5.0
0.1
6.8
THE OPERATION OF PINTU GENG WTP
PRODUCTION COST DATA
NO.
DESCRIPTION
COST (RM/M3)
1
LIQUID OXYGEN
0.035
2
INDUSTRIAL SALT
0.037
3
ENERGY (ELECTRICAL)
0.177
TOTAL PRODUCTION COST
0.249
1.
2.
3.
4.
Deferum System – using only air to oxidize Iron &
Manganese and without use of chemicals.
Subterranean Iron Removal System – biochemical
reaction in aquifer to treat groundwater in primary
processes and without the use of chemicals.
Organic Coagulant – use of natural herbs to produce
an organic coagulant for flocculation processes in
conventional WTP.
690V Low-Voltage Power Setup – to use 690V,
instead of 415V, in powering the motors for higher
efficiency in energy usage.
55