Seminar on Referencing style:APA
SUPERVISOR
• Dr. Adithya Kumari, H
• Associate Professor,
• Dept. of Studies in Library
and Information Science,
University of Mysore-06
BY
• Chikkamanju
• Research Scholar,
• Dept. of Studies in Library
and Information Science,
University of Mysore-06
Referencing is the process of acknowledging your
sources. Sources include anything you take information
from, eg, books, journals, magazines, newspapers,
websites, lectures, legislation, maps, television and radio
programmes, works of art, dramatic
performances, etc.
By referencing your sources you are demonstrating
to your tutors the breadth of your research and
reinforcing your own arguments. Using a wide
range of sources is excellent academic practice and
is certainly not a sign of weakness!
Referencing enables your tutors and anyone else
reading your work to check your sources and follow
up information for themselves. Failure to reference
correctly, or worse still, not to reference at all, may
lead to accusations of plagiarism (using other
people's ideas, words and research as if they were
your own). Plagiarism is a serious offence at
university and may lead to disciplinary action.
APA, MLA, Turabian, AMA and Chicago etc…
Introduction to APA
What is APA (AMERICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION)
"APA style" is the set of specific formatting conventions sanctioned by the
American Psychological Association. The collected procedures of any style are
usually referred to collectively as a "stylesheet." Elements of the APA stylesheet
include such in-text matters as punctuation standards, margin depth, line spacing,
and heading format. This series of pages, however, will concentrate mostly on the
post-text elements of APA style—that is, how to assemble and format entries for
specific sources.
Most classes in psychology will require you to write your papers in APA style,
which is a writing style described in the Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association (which was just released in its seventh edition). APA
style describes rules for the preparation of manuscripts for writers and students
in psychology. These rules cover areas such as the content and organization of a
manuscript, writing style, references, and how to prepare a manuscript for
publication. APA style breaks papers up into sections, which helps you to
present information clearly and also allows readers to quickly find and process
the information they need.
Who Uses APA Style?
APA style is also used in many other disciplines such
as Sociology, Business, Economics, Nursing, Social
Work, and Criminology.
Hicks Undergraduate Library; Humanities, Social
Science, and Education Library; Pharmacy, Nursing,
and Health Services Library; and Psychological
Sciences Library) either in the reference section or on
reserve.
Why Use APA Style?
Abiding by the rules of APA style makes it easier for
others to understand your writing. Your reader will
be able to find what they are looking for, follow your
writing more easily, and your communication will be
more clearly understood. If you go on to publish
your writing, the tasks of editors and publishers are
simplified when everyone uses the same format.
Using APA style also provides you with a model for
thinking about psychological phenomena.
How is APA Style is different from other styles of writing?
APA style is unlike other forms of writing that encourage
more creativity and variation in language. APA style
often involves writing according to a "formula" of sorts.
Once you learn the formula, you can master APA style.
Adhering strictly to formatting rules, keeping sentence
structure simple, and maintaining parallel structure when
reporting study details and results helps to make your
writing clear.
APA Style
color codes:
Author(s)
Date
Title of Article
Title of Periodical
Pages
Place of Publication
Other Information
Title of Book
Volume
Publisher
Journal Article:
Devine, P. G., & Sherman, S. J. (1992). Intuitive versus rational
judgment and the role of stereotyping in the human condition:
Kirk
or
Spock?
Psychological
Inquiry,
3(2),
153-
159.0.120/s15327965pli0302_13
Journal Article: paginated by volume, from a
database or website without a DOI
Hodges, F. M. (2003). The promised planet: Alliances and struggles
of the gerontocracy in American television science fiction of the
1960s.
The
Aging
Male,
6,
175-182.
http://www.informaworld.com/TheAgingMale
Retrieved
from
Magazine Article:
Mershon, D. H. (1998, November/December). Star trek
on the brain:
Alien minds, human minds. American
Scientist, 86(6), 585.
Newspaper Article:
Di Rado, A. (1995, March 15). Trekking through
college: Classes explore modern society using the
world of Star trek. Los Angeles Times, pp. A3, A20A22.
Books:
Okuda, M., & Okuda, D. (1993). Star trek chronology:
The history of the future. New York, NY: Pocket Books.
[Book with no author]
---No Author---Publications.
(1995). Radnor, PA: News America
Book Article or Chapter:
James, N. E. (1988). Two sides of paradise: The
Eden myth according to Kirk and Spock. In D.
Palumbo (Ed.), Spectrum of the fantastic (pp. 219223). Westport, CT: Greenwood.
Encyclopedia Article:
Sturgeon, T. (1995). Science fiction. In L. T.
Lorimer et al. (Eds.), The encyclopedia Americana
(Vol. 24, pp. 390-392). Danbury, CT: Grolier.
ERIC Document:
Fuss-Reineck, M. (1993). Sibling communication in
Star trek: The next
generation: Conflicts between
brothers. Retrieved from ERIC database. (ED364932)
Websites:
Epsicokhan, J. (2004, February 20). Confessions
ofacloset
trekkie.October12,2009,Jammer'Reviews
website:http://www.jammersreviews.com/articles
/confessions.
[Page with a corporate author and the name of the
website is the same as the name of the author.]
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (2009, May 28). NASA
astronaut watches new Star trek movie in space. Retrieved from
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/behindscenes/star_trek .htm
l
[Page with a corporate author and the name of the website is
different from the name of the author.]
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion
aboratory. (2007, May 10). Mission could seek out Spock's home planet.
Retrieved
from
PlanetQuest:
Exoplanet
Exploration
http://planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/news/planetVulcan.cfm
website:
[Page with a no author.]
The Roddenberry legacy of human potential: If only, if only. (2007, October
24).
January
7,
2009,
Star
Trek
Official
Sitewebsite:
http://www.startrek.com/startrek/view/news/editorials /article/2310913.html
Wiki
Star trek planet classifications. (n.d.). Wikipedia. January 7,
2009, f http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Trek_planet _classifications
Blog:
Zompist. (2009, September 30). Star wars: Hope not so new anymore
[Web log message]. Retrieved from http://zompist.wordpress.com
/2009/09/30/star-wars-hope-not-so-new-anymore/
Internet Video:
Crusade2267. (2006, November 02). For the uniform: One fan's obsession
with
Star
trek,
part
1
[Video
file].
www.youtube.com/watch?v=ul5q4PTME-M
Retrieved
from
http://
PowerPoint Presentation:
Oard, D. W. (2001). Bringing Star trek to life: Computers that speak
anlistUniversit of Mysore
webbsite:http://terpconnect.umd.edu/~oard/papers /cpsp118t.ppt
Thank you
Any Questions……….?