Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17 September 2011
E-Resources Librarian
University of Nairobi Library
KENYA
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17 September 2011
Outline
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Methodology
 Survey Findings
 Conclusion and Recommendations
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Introduction
Open Access
(OA)
Making
resources
freely
available to
researchers
globally for
development
http://www.google.co.ke/imgres?q=open+access+pictures
Proceedings of the 14th International
Symposium on Electronic theses and
Open Access Movement
 Gained momentum since 2002 as a
Worldwide effort to provide free online
access to scientific and scholarly research
literature
 In Africa OA initiatives began to build up
after OA gained momentum globally
 Institutions
began to establish Institutional
Repositories
 Researchers began to publish in OA Journals
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Open Access
Promote OA in two ways
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Kenya Open Access Initiatives: Kenya Open
data launched in July 2011 by the President
http://opendata.go.ke/
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Kenya Law reports
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Institutional Repositories – The Green Road
 Captures, manages, preserves and provides
access to digital local materials created by
the institution and its community members.
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Institutional Repositories - KLISC
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Institutional Repositories
Strathmore University
Kenya Agricultural
Research Institute (KARI)
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Repositories developed after rigorous training organized by
KLISC, supported by INASP and Eifl. (2009 – 2010)
• ILRI
• Strathmore
• KARI
Online
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Intranet
KU
UoN
Kabarak
Daystar
College of Insurance
KEMFRI
Kabarak University
Agha Khan University
Marist International
Moi University
KCA University
ICIPE
Inoorero
ST. PAUL
University of E.A, Baraton
KEMU
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•
•
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JKUAT
African Nazarene
KEMRI
Egerton University
Parliament Library
In Process
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
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Proactive response to OA Movement
Visibility/showcasing of research output
for prestige
Improve access to our local publications
Share resources
Enhance research by reducing
duplication
Attract Research funding
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13
-17 September 2011
Objectives
The aim of the study was:
 To assess the extent to which IR has been established
and the role of KLISC in supporting the establishment.
Objectives
 To evaluate the extent to which the IR concept is put
into actual practice at KLISC member institutions in
Kenya
 Determine the role of KLISC in supporting the
establishment of IR in Kenya
 Establish barriers to effective establishment and
development of IR in Kenya
 Recommend for Intervention measures
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Methodology
Research Design
 Study adopted case study approach to bring out deeper
understanding of the IR development in Kenya.
Sample Size and Sampling
 Focused on KLISC member institutions - staff directly
involved in IR/Digital initiatives formed the target
population
 Study adopted stratified sampling to come up with two
strata;


those who have attended KLISC training on IR (30 respondents – 85%)
Not Trained (5 Respondents – 15%)
 Judgmental and random method were used to come up
with total sample size of 35 respondents
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Methodology (Cont.)
Data Collection Procedure


Used unstructured open-ended questions that gave respondents
freedom to express their views, and structured close ended.
35 Questionnaires were sent to respondents through mail, and
follow-up reminder sent two days to the deadline. 26 were filled
and emailed back while 9 questionnaires were not returned.
Data Analysis

Analysis of data involved preparation of mean, and percentage,
presented in the form of graphs, pie charts and tables to tabulate
data
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Response Rate
9, 26%
26, 74%
Respondent
No Response
Of the 35 questionnaires distributed to respondents, 26 returned
completed questionnaires, making an impressive response rate of 74%.
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17 September 2011
RESPONDENTS
Public Institutions
11 (42%)
Private Institutions
11 (42%)
Research Libraries
4 (16%)
The results indicate that majority of institutions (65%) have already
embraced the IR Concept. This may be attributed to rigorous training and
sensitization done in 2009 and 2010. Those that have not, majority have
included it in their strategic plan, an indication that with more training and
rigorous sensitization, KLISC Institutions will embrace the IR concept.
IR Establishment in KLISC
Institutions
35%
No plan to establish IR
Reasons?
Not
established
65%
Established
or in process
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Open Access Policy
%
23%
No OA Policy
Have OA Policy
77%
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Dspace
Greenstone
Others
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17 September
2011
Type of content submitted
Content Submitted
Others (Past Papers)
Technical Reports
Grey Literature
Journals
Research/Conference…
Theses and dissertations
Books and book chapters
Audio/Video/Films images
0
5
10
15
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Management Support:
 It was found out that among other issues,
management support, sustainability, proper
equipment and policy issues are serious issues
affecting the development of IR in KLISC member
Institutions.
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Role of KLISC in IR Development
Rated Good
Rated Poor
 Organize Workshops to sensitize
 Organize workshops to sensitize
library staff
 Provide forum for local
discussion group to share IR
skills
 Facilitate in promotion of IR in
KLISC Libraries




researchers/authors and top level
management
Provide leadership role in setting
up IR/follow-up
visits/attachments in member
institutions
Facilitate cooperative purchasing
of relevant equipment to share
costs
Facilitate formation of advisory
committee for IR
Provide leadership in formulating
IR policies
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
There were various significant challenges highlighted by respondents. In summary
the major issues highlighted were :
85%
• LACK OF FACILITIES/INFRASTRUCTURE
92%
• COPYRIGHT/POLICY ISSUES
70%
• LACK OF TECHNICAL EXPERTISE
81%
• LACK OF HIGH LEVEL MANAGEMENT SUPPORT
46%
• LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF THE IMPORTANCE OF THE CONCEPT
58%
• FINANCE/FUNDING OF THE PROJECT
23%
• FEAR OF EXPOSURE OF THE INTELLECTUAL WORK RATED GLOBALLY
88%
• LACK OF PRIORITIZING IR IN LIBRARY ACTIVITIES
81%
• POOR SENSITIZATION
• LACK OF COMMITTEE TO ADDRESS ISSUES CONCERNING IR
50%
Proceedings
of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Addressing Constraints
Management
Support
Proper staffing
structure
Support from KLISC
Spearhead follow-up training,
visits, and attachment
programme
Consider /Support IR as
one of the core-activities in
the library.
Provide Discussion forum and
share technical skills
Include IR in the Library
Strategic Plan for
sustainability
Facilitate in sensitization of
KLISC member policy makers
through conference to support
IR Initiatives
Put up committees to
develop IR policies and
facilitate establishment
Ensure research carried out in
an institution or funded by
government bodies is
submitted to IR
Model sample policies which
members can customize
Facilitate joint purchasing of
expensive equipment
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Conclusion
Institutional Responsibilities
It was found out that each institution has a responsibility to ensure
successful development of IR
The Library must take the responsibility to sensitize top level management
to gain support, facilitate training of IR staff and promote the project to all
The management need to support IR in policy formulation and
sustainability
KLISC Responsibilities
Support members to ensure all are on board in regards to IR
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Recommendations
Government
 For radical improvement the government
should be at the fore-front to develop Open
Access policy for the country and other
relevant policies
 Initiate Open Access projects and provide an
enabling environment for such projects
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Recommendations
Institutional Level
 Library must sensitize and involve Senior level management




staff to gain their support
Library to put modalities concerning staffing structure to
ensure IR unit has adequate trained staff
Library to include IR in their PC or strategic plan to ensure
budget allocation for sustainability
Need for a committee comprising of Institutional Legal
Officer, Board of Postgraduate Studies (BPS), Library
management, top level management, students leader to
ensure success of IR project.
Concerted effort to be made towards sensitization of staff,
authors, researchers, and top level management on
importance of IR through workshops, conferences, direct
marketing using list-serve, email and other social networks
 – money to be allocated for marketing.
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Recommendations (Cont.)
Role of KLISC
 Take leadership role to initiate IR development in member
institutions by supporting capacity building, pull resources together
to improve IR infrastructure, work together with government as
institutions to develop policies relevant to Kenyan environment, and
support in sensitization.
 Can mobilize resources from members, and international
organizations
 Introduce a sustainable system/structure of monitoring and
evaluation of the IR projects developed by member institutions and
facilitate follow-up visits to support institutions in need of technical
support
 Facilitate attachments to institutions that have well established IR to
allow sharing of expertise.
 Facilitate sensitization of top government/institutional officials and
policy makers through national conferences to make them
understand, appreciate and support IR initiatives
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
Acknowledgement:
Administration of
Kenya Library and
Information Service
Consortium (KLISC )
University
of Nairobi
INASP
ETD2011
Steering
Committee
EIFL
The support of all has been instrumental in facilitating the survey and do offer my gratitude
to all those who supported me in any respect during the completion of the research.
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011
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http://daccess-ddsny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/033/10/IMG/NR003310.pd
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Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17 September 2011
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Electronic theses and Dissertations, Cape town, South Africa, 13 -17
September 2011