TREE
OF RELIGION
ROOTS
OF RELIGION
Aspects of Islam
BRANCHES
OF RELIGION
Dr.: Mohammed Ramadan
1
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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USUL-E-DEEN
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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FURU’-E-DEEN
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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CASE (1) PART (1)
• Abu Hurairah reported:
(One day Rasul Allah (Peace Be Upon Him) appeared
before the public.
• Then a man came to him and asked:
Rasul Allah! What is Iman?
Upon this He (Rasul Allah: (Peace Be Upon Him) replied:
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
……………………………………………………
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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•
•
•
•
•
•
That you affirm your faith in Allah,
His angels,
His Books,
His meeting,
His Messengers and
that you affirm your faith in the
Resurrection hereafter.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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QUESTION
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pillars of Faith?
Basic Doctrines of Faith?
Theoretical Issues?
Issues Related to Man’s Intellectual Dimensions?
Scientific Devine Issues?
Practical Issues?
Pillars of Islam?
Fiqh Issues?
Issues Related to Man’s Physical Actions?
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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• Pillars of Faith.
• Basic Doctrines of Faith.
• Theoretical Issues.
• Issues Related to Man’s Intellectual Dimensions.
• Scientific Devine Issues.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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CASE (1) PART (2)
• Abu Hurairah reported:
He (the man) (again) asked: Rasul
Allah! What does Islam signify?
He (Rasul Allah;
) replied:
……………………………………
……………………………………
……………………………………
……………………………………
……………………………………
Peace Be Upon Him
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Islam signifies that;
• You worship Allah and do not
associate anything with Him,
• You perform the prescribed Prayer,
• You pay the obligatory poor-due
(Zakah),
• You observe the Fast of Ramadan.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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QUESTION
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Pillars of Faith?
Basic Doctrines of Faith?
Theoretical Issues?
Issues Related to Man’s Intellectual Dimensions?
Scientific Devine Issues?
Practical Issues?
Pillars of Islam?
Fiqh Issues?
Issues Related to Man’s Physical Actions?
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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•
•
•
•
Pillars of Islam.
Practical Issues.
Issues Related to Man’s Physical Actions.
Fiqh Issues.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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CASE (1) PART (3)
• At the end of this Hadith, Abu Hurairah said:
Then the person turned back and went away...
Rasul Allah (Peace Be Upon Him) said:
Bring that man back to me.
They (the Companions of the Holy Prophet present there)
went to bring him back, but they did not find him.
• Upon this Rasul Allah (Peace Be Upon Him) remarked:
He was Gabriel. He came to teach people their
religion) Hadith numeration in Sahih Muslim.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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(Gabriel Came to Teach
People their Religion)
• TWO ASPECTS OF DEEN al-ISLAM:
A detailed study of the above Hadith reveals that the
Islamic teachings, and, in fact, the teachings of all
heavenly religions consist of two parts:
• 1. al-MASA’IL al-‘ILMIYYAH;
Scientific Issues, Doctrine, theoretical Issues,..... etc.
This section relates to man's intellectual dimensions and
consists of the basic doctrines of the faith.
• 2. al-MASA’IL al-‘AAMALIYYAH;
Practical Issues, Fiqh Issues,… etc.
This section deals with man's physical actions and consists
of the practical laws and commandments of religion.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Theoretical
Issues
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
Practical
Issues
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1. Theoretical Issues
• Definition:
Issues Related to Man's
Intellectual Dimensions,
(Basic Doctrines
of the Faith).
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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2. Practical Issues
• Definition:
Issues dealt with
Man's Physical Actions
(Practical
Laws and
Commandments of
Religion).
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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• Scientific Divine Issues
• Practical Divine Issues
• Theoretical Divine Issues • Action Deeds
• Theological Divine Issues
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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(1) CLASSIFICATION OF
‘AQEEDAH ISSUES
MAJOR ISSUES
= clear issues
Aspects of Islam
MINOR ISSUES
= problematic
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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(1) CLASSIFICATION OF FIQH
ISSUES
MAJOR ISSUES
= clear issues
Aspects of Islam
MINOR ISSUES
= problematic issues
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Definition of Major or Clear Issues
• MAJOR OR CLEAR ISSUES
Those are the Issues whose Meaning or Sense is Clear,
OR:
Either because the Grammar and Composition of Words
and Sentences has no Ambiguity,
OR:
Because the Meaning are Ascertained and Fixed by:
The Prophetic Traditions, and
The Unanimity of the Companions of the Prophet, or
The Great Muslims Scholars, or by
The Established Principles of Islam.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Definition of Minor or Problematic Issues
• MINOR OR PROBLEMATIC ISSUES
• Those are the issues, which are highly
sensitive to human understanding and
while going deep down,
the Mujtahid does not catch reality
and is susceptible to doubt
and uncertainty,
or ambiguity.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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‘AQEEDAH
ISSUES
MAJOR
OR CUT ISSUES
Aspects of Islam
MINOR OR
PROBLEMATIC
ISSYES
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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FIQH ISSUES
MAJOR
OR CUT ISSUES
Aspects of Islam
MINOR OR
PROBLEMATIC
ISSYES
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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ISLAMIC ISSUES
OR MASA’IL-E-DEEN
FIQH
ISSUES
AQEEDAH
ISSUES
(1)
MAJOR
(2)
MINOR
(2)
MINOR
BRANCHES
OF THE RELIGION
(1)
MAJOR
ROOTS OF THE RELIGION
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Masa’il Ususl
• The Major or Clear Issues of both
the Theoretical and the Practical
issues are called;
the Cardinal Principles,
the Fundamental,
Basic,
Primary Issues = Masa’il Usul.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Masa’il Usul
• These issues, as a matter of fact are the
Root and the Fundamental Floor of the
Whole Firmaments of the Teachings of
Al-Islam.
• Usul refers to the basic things, They are
free from all obscurity and admitting of
only one interpretation.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Masa’il Furu’
• The Minor or Problematic Issues of both the
Theoretical and the Practical issues are
called;
• the Cardinal Principles,
• the Non-Fundamental,
• Non-Basic,
• Secondary Issues = Masa’il Furu’.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Masa’il Furu’
•THOSE ISSUES, which are Not
Entirely, Clear Open to Various
Interpretations.
•Furu’ refers to extra-Things that
are Not Basic.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Case (2)
1. Some of the ‘Aqeedah issues are Usul and others are
Furu’…. Yes ( ). No ( ).
2. Some of the Fiqh issues are Usul and others are Furu’….
Yes ( ). No ( ).
3. To have Iman in Allah is an issue of: Uusl ( ), Furu’ ( ).
4. To know that Allah is aware of all things is an issue of:
Uusl ( ), Furu’ ( ).
5. To know that the Qur’an is the word of Allah is an issue of:
Uusl ( ), Furu’ ( ).
6. To establish Salah is an issue of: Uusl ( ), Furu’ ( ).
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Case (2)
Which of the following issues are Usul or Furu’:
1. Whosoever has Iman that The Divine Being is not seen
by our naked eyes.
2. Had Rasul Allah seen Allah at the night of Mi’raj?
3. Seeking to approach (Allah) by the virtue of the status
and virtues of some created being, such as saying, (O
Allah! I ask You by virtue of Your Prophet and so on.
4. Reciting al-Fatihah behind the Imam.
5. Taraweeh prayer: (8) or (20) Rak’ah?
6. To pay Zakat al-Fitr in Cash.
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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CASE (3)
Aspects of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
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Masa’il Usul
Fundamental or
Primary Issues.
Masa’il Furu’
Non-Fundamental
or Secondary issues
+
+
+
+
+
-
(5) Type of evidence: (a) Qat’I Dalel.
(b) Zani dalel.
+
-
+
+
(6) ‘Ijma’ Al-Ummah
+
-
Kafir
-
-
+
Not changed
Changed
Hujjiayat, Kulliayat,
Zanniyat or Juz’iayat.
37
Points of differences
(1) Theoretical issues
(2) Practical issues
(3) Major issues
(4) Minor issues
(7) The one who does not believe in
it?
(8) Status if Ijtihad.
(9) Are these issues changed by
time, place and circumstances?
(10) Aspects
Another
names.
of Islam
Sheikh: Mohammed Ramadan
Qat’iayat and
Muhkamat.