Persuasion Techniques:
Logos, Pathos, and Ethos
Date
What effect does Antony’s and
Brutus’ speech have on a crowd?
Antony
Brutus
Different appeals/same
techniques
LOGOS (Logical) This type of appeal
uses inductive or
deductive
reasoning by citing
statistics, facts,
experts, and
evidence.
When using this type of
argument, the speaker
offers the audience
examples that are
similar to the subject
and convinces them to
draw the conclusion the
speaker wants.
Example of a high schoolers
logos
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Situation: You arrive home one hour after your curfew and your parent
or guardian has decided that you should be grounded for a week as
punishment.
(Statistics) - “Mom, 60% of sophomore are an hour later tonight because
of the game.”
(Facts) - “It has been proven by Reader’s Digest that grounding your
teenager is an ineffective punishment.”
(Experts) - “Even Dr. Phil said that teenagers should choose their own
punishment.”
(Evidence) - “Look, you can call Jim’s parents and they can prove that I
was watching the movie and that was why I was late.”
Antony’s evidence, facts,
(Evidence)“You all did see that on the Lupercal /I thrice presented him
experts...
a kingly crown, /Which he did thrice refuse. Is this ambition?” (III, ii,
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94-96)
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(Evidence) “here’s a parchment with the seal of Caesar;/ I found it in
his closet; ‘tis his will. (III, ii, 129-130)
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(Fact) “I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.” (III, ii, 75)
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(Fact) “He was my friend, faithful and just to me” (III, ii, 86)
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(Expert) “But Brutus says he was ambitious” (III, ii, 87)
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(Fact) “He hath brought many captives home to Rome,” (III, ii, 89)
Brutus and Logos
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(Fact) “..why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is may answer: Not that
I loved Caesar less, but I loved Rome more.” (III, ii, 22).
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(Fact) “I weep for him...I honor him...I slew him..” (III, ii, 25-27)
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(Evidence) “I have the same dagger for myself” (III, ii, 46)
ETHOS (Ethical)
Ethos (Ethical)This type of
argument requires
that the speaker
establishes himself
as trustworthy and
respectful of the
audience.
A teenager’s ethos
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Situation: You arrive home one hour after your curfew and your
parent or guardian has decided that you should be grounded for a
week as punishment.
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“Dad, I have never been late before, this is the first time.”
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“I was driving Sarah home because she was too upset to drive.”
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“Remember, I stopped at the store for you before I left, so I was late
leaving the house.”
Anthony’s Ethos
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“I am meek and gentle with these butchers!” (III, i, 255)
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“Friends, Romans, countrymen... (III, ii, 7)
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“Have patience, gentle friends.. (III, ii, 141)
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“You you compel me then to read the will?” (III, ii, 158)
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“Bear with me;” (III, ii, 107)
Brutus and ethos
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“So we are Caesar’s friends, that have abridged / His time of fearing
death. Stoop, Romans, stoop... (III, i, 105)
“Romans, countrymen, and lovers...” (III, ii, 13)
“Believe me for mine honor, and have respect to mine honor, that you
may believe. Censure me in your wisdom, and awake your sense,
that you may the better judge.” (III, ii, 15-17)
PATHOS (Emotional)
PATHOS (Emotional) - This
is when the speaker
appeals to the emotions of
the audience by describing
in detail the effect of a
particular situation.
The speaker tries to arouse a
sense of pit, anger, fear, or other
emotion in the audience.
A Teenagers Pathos
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Situation: You arrive home one hour after your curfew and your
parent or guardian has decided that you should be grounded for a
week as punishment.
“Mom, if I am grounded, I can’t go to Art’s 16th birthday party and they
are going paint balling.”
“I was late because the roads were slick, the car went into a ditch,
and we had to push it back onto the road. I didn’t call because you
already have my phone.”
“I know I’m late. I understand how you feel. Haven’t you ever been
late and felt sorry about it?”
Antony’s Pathos
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“I I were disposed to stir/Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage,/I
should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong,/ Who, you all know, are
honorable men.” (III, ii, 121-123
“You all did love him once, not without cause;/ What cause withholds
you then to mourn for him?/ O judgment, thou art fled to brutish
beasts, /And men have lost their reason!” (III, ii,, 104-106)
“My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar,/ And I must pause till it
come back to me.” (III, ii, 107-108)
“If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.” (III, ii, 170)
Brutus and pathos
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“Who is here so rude, that wound not be a Roman?” (III, ii, 32)
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“Who is here so vile, that will not love his country?” (III, ii, 33)
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“I slew my best lover for the good of Rome,” (III, ii, 45)
Persuasion Techniques in
Advertising
Which appeal is being made?