CREATIVE THINKING
Between “Critical Thinking” and
“Creative Thinking”
Thinking out of the box
EXERCISE
GUNAKAN JALUR KANAN UNTUK
MENDAHULUI
Penerbangan Gila!
CRITICAL THINKING
Reasoning
Problem Solving
Decision Making
Formal / Informal
Baik / Buruk Definisi
Ketidakpastian
Soliditas
Solusi Strategis
Strategi Kreatif
Probabilitas
Heuristik
OTAK KIRI DAN KANAN
OTAK KIRI / LEFT
OTAK KANAN / RIGHT
Analitis, kalkulasi, perincian
Intuitif, kreatif, ekstensif
Linear dan konvergen
Lateral dan Divergen
Konvensional
Kontroversial
Normal ( waras)
Abnormal (gila) To bad can be good
Andy Groove “Only paranoid can survive.”
No Dare to Fail
Dare to fail!
Good
Great
Satisfy
Kaizen (continuous improvement)
Left Brain & Right Brain
FACTS
VERBAL
IDEAS
SPATIAL
STRUCTURED
OPEN-ENDED
SEQUENCE
RELATIONSHIPS
OUTLINE
INTUITIVE
LOGICAL
SUMMARY
Human Information Processing -- HIPS
PERBEDAAN ANTARA OTAK KIRI DAN OTAK KANAN
OTAK KIRI
OTAK KANAN
OTAK KIRI
OTAK KANAN
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INTELEKTUAL
LOGIS
KATA
DEDUKTIF
TETAP
STATIS
HAPALAN
FAKTA
SEMPIT
DANGKAL
PASIF
JAWABAN
REAKTIF
SERIUS
BIMBINGAN
KETAKUTAN
EMOSIONAL
INTUITIF
GAMBAR
INDUKTIF
SEMENTARA
DINAMIS
PEMAHAMAN
GAGASAN
LUAS
DALAM
AKTIF
PERTANYAAN
AKTIF
PENASARAN
INISATIF
KEPERCAYAAN
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PEKERJAAN
JANGKA
PENDEK
KAKU
PERATURAN
TESIS
TERTUTUP
STABILITAS
AKAL SEHAT
RAMALAN
KAKU
TAKTIK
BENTUK
DOGMA
MANAGER
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KEHIDUPAN
JANGKA
PANJANG
FLEKSIBEL
RISIKO
SINTESIS
TERBUKA
PERUBAHAN
IMAJINASI
EKSPLORASI
SPONTAN
STRATEGI
ISI
PENEMUAN
LEADER
What is creative
thinking or
creative problem
solving?
• The creative person uses information to form new ideas.
• The real key to creative problem solving is what you do
with the knowledge.
• Creative problem solving requires an attitude that allows
you to search for new ideas and use your knowledge
and experience.
• Change perspective and use knowledge to make the
ordinary extraordinary and the usual commonplace.
DEFINITION
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Creative problem solving is -
DEFINITION
“Creative problem solving is - looking at
the same thing as everyone else and
thinking something different.”
Adapted from a famous quote from a former
Nobel prize winner, Albert Szent-Gyorgi.
LET’S TALK ABOUT:
• Why don’t we think creatively more often?
• What are the barriers that get in our way?
GUILFORD JP (March 7, 1897 –
November 26, 1987
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Membuat studi psikometrik tentang intelektualitas dan
kreativitas
Ia menekankan pemikiran DIVERGEN:
fluency (the ability to produce great number of ideas or
problem solutions in a short period of time);
flexibility (the ability to simultaneously propose a
variety of approaches to a specific problem);
originality (the ability to produce new, original ideas);
elaboration (the ability to systematize and organize the
details of an idea in a head and carry it out).
“ Untuk menghadapi dunia
dewasa ini, kita lebih
membutuhkan seorang yang
kreatif daripada seorang
pintar” (Guilford)
PENSAMIENTO
LINEAL
PEMIKIRAN
LATERAL
KONVERGEN
DIVERGEN
PEMIKIRAN LINEAL
PEMIKIRAN LATERAL
Bergerak bila ada satu petunjuk
/ arah
Bergerak untuk menciptakan
banyak arah
Bertolak dari sekuens (urutan)
ide-ide
Bisa ada lompatan
Setiap langkah harus benar dan
tepat
Tidak secara tepat
Menggunakan negasi untuk
memblokade hal lain
Tidak menolak jalan apa pun
PEMIKIRAN LINEAL
PEMIKIRAN LATERAL
Yang tidak ada kaitannya
dengan tema dibuang
Diperhatikan semua termasuk hal
yang tidak berkaitan dengan tema
Kategori, klaisifikasi, etiket
adalah wajib
Tidak demikian
Mengikuti jalan yang jelas
Mengikuti jalan yang kurang jelas
Sebuah proses yang berakhir
Proses tanpa akhir
Ciri orang Kreatif
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Rasa ingin tahu
Mengambil risiko.
Kompleksitas atau suka akan kesulitan.
Imajinasi: penggunaan semua indra untuk
menghasilkan ide, gambaran,
penyelesaian yang tidak biasa soluciones
Sumber Kreativitas
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Ketidaktahuan
Pengalaman
Motivasi
Penilaian yang tepat
Style (cara)
Kecelakaan, kesalahan, kegilaan.
Pembebasan
Kreativitas membutuhkan
• Kelancaran menghasilkan ide
• Originalitas: ide baru dan berbeda
• Fleksibel: Bisa dikombinasi bila tidak
berfungsi
• Elaborasi: mengorganisir,
mengelaborasi, dan memperkaya
CREATIVE PROBLEM
SOLVING PROCESS
STEP 1. State what appears to be
the problem.
The real problem may not surface until facts
have been gathered and analyzed. Therefore,
start with what you assume to be the problem,
that can later be confirmed or corrected.
CREATIVE PROBLEM
SOLVING PROCESS
STEP 2. Gather facts, feelings and
opinions.
• What happened?
• Where, when and how did it occur?
• What is it’s size, scope, and severity?
• Who and what is affected?
• Likely to happen again?
• Need to be corrected?
• May need to assign priorities to critical
elements.
CREATIVE PROBLEM
SOLVING PROCESS
STEP 3. Restate the problem.
The real facts help make this possible,
and provide supporting data.
The actual problem may, or may not be
the same as stated in Step 1.
CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS
STEP 4. Identify
alternative solutions.
Generate ideas. Do not
eliminate any possible
solutions until several
have been discussed.
CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS
STEP 5. Evaluate alternatives.
• Which will provide the optimum solution?
• What are the risks?
• Are costs in keeping with the benefits?
• Will the solution create new problems?
CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS
STEP 6. Implement the decision!
• Who must be involved?
• To what extent?
• How, when and where?
• Who will the decision impact?
• What might go wrong?
• How will the results be reported and verified?
CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS
STEP 7. Evaluate the results.
• Test the solution against the desired results.
• Make revisions if necessary.
10 Questions To Encourage
Ideas
1. What if…?
2. How can we improve…?
3. How will the Optimist Member and/or
the community benefit?
4. Are we forgetting anything?
5. What’s the next step?
10 Questions To Encourage
Ideas
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What can we do better…?
What do you think about…?
What should we add?
What should we eliminate?
What other ideas do you have...?
BARRIERS THAT GET IN OUR WAY
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Time
Why change?
Usually don’t need to be creative
Habit
Routine
Haven’t been taught to be creative
What are some other barriers that get in our way?