SESE Energy and Forces
Movement
Life processes
All animals have to carry out seven life processes.
These are:
1. Movement – ability to move its body
2. Respiration – taking in one gas and getting rid of another
3. Reproduction – ability to produce young
4. Nutrition – ability to get energy out of food
Life processes
5. Growth – using energy to get bigger and repair damaged
cells
6. Sensitivity – using senses, like smell and taste, to learn
about the world
7. Excretion – removal of waste products from food
Movement
In this lesson we are going to
look at movement.
Animals use their skeleton and
muscles to move.
Different animals can move in
very different ways. You can
usually get clues about how they
move by looking at the shape of
their bodies.
The Octopus
The octopus can move in two
different ways.
It can walk along the sea floor
using its eight sucker-covered
tentacles.
It can also suck water into its
body and then blow it out again to
move itself forward quickly.
The Cownose Ray
The Cownose Ray is a large
flat fish.
It swims by moving its large
fins up and down, similar to
how a bird uses its wings.
Fish
Fish have long backbones
which run from their heads, all
the way down to their tails.
They have very muscular
bodies: up to 80% of a fish’s
body can be made up of
muscle.
Photo credit Ursula 164
Fish
The muscles on each side of the
backbone work with each other
to move the tail left and right,
pushing the fish forward.
Fish use their fins to help push
against the water and control
their movement.
Fish
These are some of the fins which can be found on most fish.
Different types of movement
Seal
Starfish
Crab
Types of fish
You can tell a lot about a
fish’s lifestyle from looking at
its body shape.
Some fish, like tuna, swim
nearly all the time, looking for
food.
They have torpedo shaped
bodies. These are called
cruisers.
Types of fish
Some fish stay more or less in
the same place swimming just
for short periods. These are
called burst swimmers.
They normally have a
compressed body shape to help
them move quickly and
precisely.