The Cold War
Proxy Wars
Essential QUestion
How did the tension of
the Cold War play out
in proxy wars?
VocaBUlary
Third World
Proxy Wars
activator
Brainstorm:
Other than the Soviet Union,
what other people, places, or
things come to your mind
when you think of
communism?
DISCUSS-RevieW
What was happening in
China after World War II?
ChinEsE Civil War
Chinese Civil War resumes immediately after WWII
Which sides would you guess the U.S. & USSR support?
p. 451
COLD War sides
The Cold War is between the pro-democratic West &
the pro-communist East (now including China)
While many make up the West, the U.S. is the leader
VS.
DISCUSS
What comes to your mind
when you hear the term
“third world country”?
What countries might be
associated with this term?
thrEE Worlds
• First World
– Refers to the United States and its
pro-democratic allies
• Second World
– Refers to the Soviet Union and its
pro-communist conquered nations
LATIN AMERICA • Third World
– Nations not aligned with either side
ASIA
AFRICA
– Often newly independent nations
DISCUSS
What Third World country
near China would next
become the focus of the
Cold War?
(Hint: Think Kim Jung Un)
KoRea Divided
• Korea Divided
– WWII – controlled by Japan
– Following defeat, Japan
surrendered to USSR in north
and U.S. in south
– Korea in north becomes
mostly communist
– Korea in south becomes
mostly nationalist/democratic
Now that China is communist,
what would you guess is going
to happen in Korea?
Proxy War in KorEa
• Post WWII
– 1949 – U.S. & USSR withdraw
their troops from Korea
– Soviet Union begins supplying
North Korea with weapons
• Korean War (1950-53)
– June 1950 – communist North
Korea invades South Korea
– Sept 1950 – UN gets involved &
15 countries help South Korea
– Nov 1950 – Chinese troops help
North Korea & push south
– 1953 – war ends where it started
KorEan War
KorEan War
KorEan War
DISCUSS
The Korean War is one of
many Proxy Wars fought
during the Cold War.
Define: Proxy Wars
Proxy Wars
Proxy Wars
Wars between opposing
superpowers where they
use third parties as
substitutes for fighting
each other directly
Proxy Wars
Even though the Korean War was fought between North
Korea and South Korea, it was really fought between the
United States and China/Soviet Union
NORTH
KOREA
VS.
VS.
SOUTH
KOREA
DISCUSS
What other famous war
involved the United States
and was fought in Asia
during the Cold War?
DISCUSS
What do you know about
the Vietnam War?
Vietnam War
Similar to Korea, the Vietnam War was fought between
North Vietnam and South Vietnam , it was really fought
between the United States and the Soviet Union
NORTH
VIETNAM
VS.
VS.
SOUTH
VIETNAM
Proxy War in Vietnam
• Formation of Vietnam
– France had controlled Vietnam
(called French Indochina) since the
days of Imperialism
– Vichy France gives Indochina to
Japan during WWII
– France attempts to reclaim the
land following WWII, but the
people want independence
– France fails to reclaim land and
Vietnam becomes a free nation
– North leans communist
– South leans nationalist/democratic
DISCUSS
Why do you think the
United States got
involved in Vietnam?
Proxy War in Vietnam
• Vietnam War (1957-73)
– 1950s – U.S. pledge support to
French fighting the Vietnamese;
Soviet Union supports communist
factions of Vietnam
– 1960 – U.S. sends 650 advisors to
help South Vietnam
– 1963 – U.S. sends 16,000 advisors
– 1964-70 – U.S. troops fight with
the South against the North
– 1970-75 – U.S. begin removing
troops (Vietnamization)
– 1975 – North defeats south and
Vietnam becomes communist
DISCUSS
How do you think Vietnam
becoming communist
impacted the world?
Impact oF vietnam War
• Impact of the Vietnam War
– The war was unpopular & caused
division among the U.S. population
• Protests of the 1960s; hippies
VS.
– Communism gains another country
which increased U.S. fears
– Since Vietnam was seen as a
weaker country, the loss hurt the
reputation of America’s military
• 1st defeat in modern U.S. history
– Set the stage for more proxy wars
between U.S. & USSR
DISCUSS
Where else do the U.S. and
the Soviet Union battle in
proxy wars?
(See Textbook, p. 550)
Proxy Wars
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DISCUSS
Which countries were now
communist by 1975?
Proxy Wars
DISCUSS
Which countries in danger of
becoming communist
remained democratic by 1975?
Proxy Wars
DISCUSS
Who is this
man?
CHE
• Che Guevara
– Argentine Marxist who led
revolutions in South America
• Background
– As a medical student, he saw
much poverty & disease
throughout South America
– Blamed the U.S. & capitalism
– Believed communism would be
the solution & led many Latin
American revolutions
– Was eventually captured and
executed by the CIA
DISCUSS
What Latin American nation
is the most famous for
being communist?
TOMORROW
Brinkmanship & The
Cuban Missile Crisis
Read
Ch. 17, Sec 4.
Cold War Divides the World
Watch
X-Men: First Class
SUMMARIZE
Discuss
How would you rate the
success of the Truman
Doctrine at this point?