Early Civilizations – Phoenicians, Hittites,
and Hebrews day 1
I.
Warm-up Questions
II. Notes Phoenicians and Hittites
III. Chart/ Map/Vocabulary through
chariots
IV. Reading/ Questions
V. Hebrew notes
VI. Vocab through Diaspora
VII. Differentiation: Choose between
reading worksheets or foldable
(today Hebrews)
Objective: SWBAT describe
characteristics of the Phoenicians,
Hittites, and Hebrews on a reading
worksheet or foldable.
Question
What could happen if you leave alphabet soup on
the stove and go out?
Warmup Questions, Day 1
• 1. Indus Valley or Fertile Crescent ?
• The area shaded in red on the map was known
Fertile Crescent
as the ______________.
• 2. Jericho or Stonehenge? was a Neolithic
settlement located in the area depicted on the
map. Jericho
• 3. Anatolia or Media? Catal Hoyuk was a
Neolithic settlement located in Anatolia
• 4. Iraq or Pakistan: The modern-day country
located between the Tigris and Euphrates
Iraq
Rivers is
_____________?
• 5. monotheistic or polytheistic? Most early
civilizations practiced this type of religion
polytheistic
_________________.
Early Civilizations – Persian Empire and
Nubia day 2
I. Warm-up Questions
II. Hebrews quiz
III. Notes on Persian Empire
IV. Persia paragraph
V. Nubia notes
VI. Finish Vocab
VII. Persian Empire and Nubia
reading worksheets or foldable
Objective: SWBAT describe
characteristics of the Persian Empire
and Nubia on a reading worksheet or
foldable.
Question:
Warm-up Questions, Day 2
1. Which civilization were sea traders who set up colonies
and invented the alphabet? Phoenicians
2. The Hittites had superior tools and weapons because
they were made of ___
Iron
3. Abraham or Jesus The monotheism of this prophet
became the basis for not only Judaism, but also
Christianity and Islam. Abraham
4. Hittites or Hebrews The descendants of Abraham
became known as the Hebrews
5. What set of laws did Moses deliver after he led the
Hebrews out of Egypt? Ten Commandments
6. Torah or Quran Which is the holy book or sacred
writings of Judaism Torah
7. Jericho or Jerusalem King David established this city
as capital of Israel. It has religious significance for
Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Jerusalem
Prehistory to First Civilizations– Unit
Review day 3
I. Warm-up Questions
II. Timeline Notes
III.Unit Review
IV.Finish packet
Objective: SWBAT describe
characteristics of the
Paleolithic Era, the Neolithic
Era and Early Civilizations
on a Test Review
Question:
Warm-up Questions, Day 3
1. Judaism or Zoroastrianism What was the religion of
Zoroastrianism
the Persian empire?
2. tolerance or cruelty The Persian treated those they
conquered with___ tolerance
3. Royal Road or Silk Roads What did the Persians build
to improve communication across the empire.Royal Road
4. Imperial bureaucracy or city-states What type of
government did the Persians have?Imperial bureaucracy
5. Israel or Egypt Which civilization had the greatest
influence on Nubia? Egypt
6. Upper Nile or Lower Nile Where was Nubia located?
Upper Nile
7. Sudan or Iran Persia is located in present-day _____.
Iran
Prehistory to First Civilizations–
TEST/Intro India Day 4
I. Warm-up Questions
II. Test
III.India Reading Wksheet
IV.Begin Notes
Objective: SWBAT describe
characteristics of the
Paleolithic Era, the Neolithic
Era, and Early Civilizations
on a Test
Question:
How did the students react when the electricity
went out during a test?
Warm-up Questions (8 questions), Day 4
1 Anatolia
3 Mesopotamia (Sumer)
Tigris R
EuphratesUr
R
Aleppo
Label the maps
Word bank
Jericho
Egypt
Mesopotamia
Anatolia
2 Neolithic settlements in Neolithic Settlements in
the Fertile Crescent
the Fertile Crescent
4 Egypt
Warm-up Questions, Day 4
5 India: Indus Valley
6 China
7 Hebrews (Israel)
Jerusalem
India: Indus Valley
Persian Empire
Hebrews (Israel)
China
8 Persian Empire
Early Civilizations
(2000 BCE – 500 BCE)
Phoenicians, Hebrews, Persian Empire, and Kush
PHOENICIANS
• Great seafaring traders who founded wealthy
city-states in the Fertile Crescent along the
Mediterranean coast (present-day Lebanon).
Phoenicia
• set up colonies (lands controlled by a distant
nation)
• Carthage became the most powerful colony
Phoenician
Accomplishments
• First Alphabet (phonetic symbols
stand for sounds)
– 22 letter alphabet (vs. 550
cuneiform characters)
– Basis of modern alphabets
• Great shipbuilders and seafarers
• Spread civilization and the alphabet
through trade.
• Use of coins as well as the alphabet
made trade much easier.
The Phoenecians
HITTITES
• Settled in Asia
Minor (presentday Turkey)
• Learned how to
smelt iron from
ore.
• Iron was stronger,
sharper, and less
expensive than other
metals.
• Iron weapons and chariots
helped forge the Hittite
Empire.
HEBREWS
• Abraham settled in
the Fertile Crescent
between the
Mediterranean Sea
and the Jordon
River (present-day
Israel)
• His descendents
became known as
Hebrews.
• Abraham and the
Hebrews were the
first monotheists
• Monotheism :
belief in one god
• Abraham’s
monotheism
became the
foundation of
Judaism,
Christianity, and
Islam.
Moses
• Led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt to the
“promised land”(Israel)
• Delivered the Ten Commandments
Beliefs of Judaism
The Religion of the Hebrews (Jews)
• One God
• Torah
• Ten Commandments
The Ten Commandments
• State both religious
and moral conduct
in that they require
that believers both
worship God and
live justly with one
another
The Torah
• Holy book of Judaism: contains the records
and beliefs of the Jews
• The first five books of the Old Testament of
the Bible
The Torah
David and Goliath (or how David
became king of the Hebrews)
Jerusalem
Holy City of the Jews
• King David united
the tribes of Israel
and established
Jerusalem as the
capital of Israel.
• Today Jerusalem is a
holy city to Muslims
and Christians as
well as Jews.
Western Wall
• In 70 AD the Romans
destroyed the ancient Temple
of Jerusalem.
• The West Wall of the Temple
Mount is all that remains
today.
• Jews consider this wall their
most sacred shrine (holy site).
• They come from all over the
world to pray at this shrine.
• The site of the original temple is now occupied by a
Muslim Mosque (Dome of the Rock).
• Ownership of these and other holy sites has been a
source of bickering between Muslims and Jews for
centuries.
Jerusalem and the Wailing Wall
Exile
• Jews were driven from their homeland by the
Romans in AD 132. The state of Israel
ceased to exist for 1800 years.
Diaspora
• Scattering of the Jews
•Jews migrated all around the Mediterranean Sea
PERSIAN EMPIRE
• The largest empire in the world
• It stretched from The Nile to the Indus River
• Persia: Present-day Iran
How did Persia govern
its Empire?
Persian Rulers
• Treated conquered
people with tolerance
• Developed an imperial
bureaucracy
• Built an extensive road
system
• Zoroastrianism
(religion)
Tolerance
• Persian rulers allowed the people they
conquered to practice their own religions and
follow their own customs.
Bureaucracy
• A system of managing government through
departments run by appointed officials
• Darius divided his empire into provinces each run
by a governor (satrap)
Persian Road System
• Great Royal Road
• United the empire (provided a means of
communication, trade, and governmental
control).
Zoroastrianism
• Early monotheistic
religion founded by
Zoroaster
• Belief in two opposing
forces: good and evil,
light and darkness,
heaven and hell.
Ahura Mazda: God of truth and light
KUSH
•Also called Nubia
• Located on the
upper
(southern) Nile
• Present-day
Sudan
Kush and Egypt
(Lower Nile)
Kush
(Upper Nile)
• Ideas and goods
flowed along the
Nile between
Kush and Egypt
• Egypt dominated Kush
for 1000 years
Gifts for the King from a country called Nubia
• Kush conquered Egypt and
established its own dynasty on
the Egyptian throne
• Kush was
eventually
conquered by the
East African
Kingdom of
Axum
Contributions of Kush
• Meroitic script (writing)
• Steep sided pyramids and palaces
• Gold, copper, and iron working.
Kush
Golden Age of Meroe
• After the Assyrians conquered Egypt, Kush
continued to prosper in the booming trade
between Africa, Arabia and India
Nubian Queen
Nubian Queen
Ahmes Nefertari
of Egypt around 1550 B.C