The neurone
Learning objectives:
• Explain how the neurone is adapted for its
function
Learning Outcomes
• Label a neurone using key words e.g. axon,
mylein sheath, dendrites
• Describe the role of a neurone/nerve cell in
the nervous system. Name three examples of
neurone
• Explain how the neurone is adapted to its
function
Elicit
How is this cell the
same as an animal cell?
Different to an animal
cel?
Think – Pair – Share
How fast are electrical signals?
The brain can respond to touch, smell or taste stimuli in just 0.1 seconds, but
sound and vision take longer.
Nerve impulses
travel at up to 320
mph and take just
0.02 seconds to
reach the brain.
Engage
Initiate
What are neurones?
Neurones are specialized cells that conduct electrical impulses
through the body.
A nerve is a bundle of many nerve fibres
enclosed within a protective sheath. Nerve
fibres are the long axons of neurones together
with any associated tissues.
nerve
nerve fibre
Make a model neurone
- work in groups of 4
Explore
- use the resources available to create a poster and
model
- you will be judged according to our success criteria:
1) Scientific accuracy of model and explanation of how it
is adapted for its function
2) Aesthetic appearance
3) Teamwork
Team number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Scientific
accuracy
Aesthetic
appearance
Teamwork
Total
3 = excellent
2 = good
1 = satisfactory
8
Explain
What do neurones look like?
Neurones are elongated cells consisting of a cell body and long, thin axon.
dendrites
myelin
sheath
cell
body
axon
Thin projections called dendrites extend from the cell body and connect with other
neurones, allowing electrical impulses to pass from one to the other.
The axons of most neurones are wrapped in an insulating lipid layer called the
myelin sheath. Why is this important?
What are sensory neurones?
Sensory neurones transmit messages from sense receptors, such as the eye or
nose, to the brain or spinal cord.
cell body
nerve impulse from
sense organ
nerve impulse to
CNS
What are motor neurones?
Motor neurones transmit messages from the brain and spinal cord to the
muscles and glands.
cell body
muscle
Neurones link
receptor cells to
effector cells.
Elaborate-demonstrate learning
Label the neurone- Summarising what
you have learnt. Write down how it is
adapted to its function
The cytoplasm is shaped
into a long axon to transmit
electrical impulses between
central nervous system and
effector
Fatty sheath acts as an
electrical insulator of
the axons, and speed
up transmission of
electrical impulses.
Dendrite
Nucleus
Axon
Cytoplasm
Nerve
Ending
Branched
endings
make
connections
with other
neurons or
effectors.
Cell
Membrane
Self assess
•
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-eastwales-15005209
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUWbzNEoPI8&f
eature=related (Very emotive)
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzuoFtQzfw&feature=related
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0i8NhFKj14
•
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Motor-neuronedisease/Pages/Introduction.aspx
Extend
Learning Outcomes
• Label a neurone using key words e.g. axon,
mylein sheath, dendrites
• Describe the role of a neurone/nerve cell in
the nervous system. Name three examples of
neurone
• Explain how the neurone is adapted to its
function
Evaluate