Middle Ages and
The Crusades
Global II – Regents Review
Patten/Valdner
Middle Ages
Charlemagne was a Frankish King who helped
spread Christianity over Europe after the fall
of the Roman Empire.
Political
Feudalism
Chivalry- Code of
Conduct (Brave,
Loyal and true to
their word)
King
Owned Land
Lords
Promised Protection
Knights
Worked the land and served the
Lords
Peasants
Worked the land
Difference between Serfs and
Peasants: Serfs were bound to the
Lord’s land
Serfs
Little
Movement
Economic
Manorialism
Manors were self-sufficient:
Serfs and Peasants worked
land and Lords provided
the use of land an
protection and they grew
what they needed.
Social
Church
The Pope would excommunicate (exclude) rulers who
threatened Papal power.
The Crusades

Reasons for Crusades:
 Pope believed it would increase his
power
 People believed that their sins would be
forgotten
 Nobles hoped to gain wealth
 Chance to travel
 Serfs could escape feudal oppression
The Crusades

Effects:
Increase Trade
 Pope’s Power Increased
 People learned about other cultures
 Europeans became interested in traveling
 People of different religions grow to hate each other

Japan

Geography:
Mountainous
 Earthquakes
 Made of many different islands


Effects:
Difficult to farm
 Use the seas as a food source and transportation
 Grown respect for nature

Cultural Diffusion – influenced by Korea
and/or China:
 Spread of Buddhism and Confucianism
 Influence on writing
Feudalism
Had all of the power
Distributed land to lords
Promised loyalty to Daimyo
Peasants: Made weapons for Samurai
Merchants: Overtime, they gained more
influence
Why were merchants below peasants?
Their money was made because of other people’s
work
Tokugawa Shogunate
Isolated Japan from the outside world
Why did Japan “open up” and industrialize?