Weber
217
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Sign up for the next round of debates.
Can you answer these questions:
How did the rivalry between Britain and France
shape early American politics?
 In what ways was liberty restricted during Adam’s
presidency?
 What actions did Thomas Jefferson take toward
creating what he called an “empire of liberty?”
 Why did contemporaries call the War of 1812 the
Second War for Independence?
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Activator, agenda, and objective (10 minutes)
Chronology: getting the dates straight (10
minutes)
Ch. 8 Securing the Republic overview (30
minutes)
Research questions group work (30-45 minutes)
Research questions presentations (30-45
minutes)
Exit ticket and homework (5 minutes)
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5. The Early Republic, 1789–1815
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Washington, Hamilton, and shaping of the national
government
Emergence of political parties: Federalists and
Republicans
Significance of Jefferson’s presidency
The War of 1812 and its consequences
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How did the rivalry between Britain and
France shape early American politics?
In what ways was liberty restricted during
Adam’s presidency?
What actions did Thomas Jefferson take toward
creating what he called an “empire of liberty?”
Why did contemporaries call the War of 1812
the Second War for Independence?
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1787 – Constitution
1789 – Inauguration of
George Washington
1789 – French
Revolution; 1791
Haitian Revolution.
1794 – Jay’s Treaty;
Whisky Rebellion.
1798 – XYZ Affair;
Alien Sedition Act
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1801 Inauguration of
Thomas Jefferson.
1803 – Louisiana
Purchase; Marbury vs.
Maryland.
1809 – James Madison
1812 – War of 1812.
1815 – Battle of New
Orleans
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Political history of the new nation.
Washington’s inaugural shows how founders
believed in and the theory of the republic as the
American experiment in self-government.
Contrasting view of how new gov. should look:
Federalists: supported Alexander Hamilton program for
economic growth.
 Democratic-Republicans: supported Thomas Jefferson’s
vision of an agrarian republic.
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Presidency of John Adams and the restrictions on
freedom with the Alien Sedition Acts.
Issues with British over rights at sea. James
Madison declares war against Great Britain in 1812
(second war of independence).
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Washington’s Inaugeration.
Alexander Hamilton’s Program:
As secretary of the treasury Hamilton wanted to make the
U.S. a major commercial and military power. Federalists
supported Washington and Hamilton.
 His program had 5 parts:
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 Create creditworthiness; create a new national debt; create a
Bank of the U.S.; tax producers of whisky; impose tariffs an
gov. subsidies. (Aligned with Great Britain)
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James Madison and Thomas Jefferson opposed
Hamilton’s plan.
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(Future to the West not with Great Britain).
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Whisky Rebellion of
1794 proved to the
Federalists that
democracy in the
hands of ordinary
citizens was
dangerous.
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Republicans were more sympathetic to France
and had more faith in democratic selfgovernment.
Political language became more and more
heated.
Expanding public sphere.
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The Adam’s Presidency: barely beat Thomas
Jefferson; various crises;
Alien Sedition Acts: restriction of liberty;
Thomas Jefferson claims they are like the Salem
Witch Trials (republican press).
Haitian Revolution and Gabriel’s Rebellion:
successful slave uprising in Haiti; Gabriel
Prosser tries in Virginia; speaks of
revolutionary liberty; Virginia slave laws get
worse.
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Break from the Federalists.
Judicial Review: John Marshall’s supreme court
gets more power (Marbury vs. Madison; Fletcher
vs. Peck).
Louisiana Purchase: Jefferson had to go against his
conviction that federal gov. was limited to powers
specifically mentioned in Constitution; he was
interested with trade through New Orleans; he
justified it securing economic stability for his
agrarian farmers.
Lewis and Clark: journey west from 1804-1806;
paved the way for transcontinental dreams
bolstered by Manifest Destiny.
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The Second War for Independence
Native American response:
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Tecumseh’s vision: tried to revive the pan-Indian movement
against the white man.
Madison asked for war for the sake of national pride.
Government found it difficult to finance the war;
Americans enjoyed few military successes.
Peace at Treaty of Ghent in 1814.
Consequences of the War of 1812:
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Confirmed the ability of a republican government to conduct
war without surrendering its institutions;
Strengthened growing sense of nationalism (also in Canada)
Federalist Party lost influence to Republicans
Hartford Convention.
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Each group will have one research question.
Your task is to conduct research in order to
answer the question.
You will make a poster with your findings and
present to the class.
Your answer must be clear, well, organized,
and connect to the chapter and to the greater
historical context.
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1. Describe how and why political parties arose.
2. Explain why Thomas Jefferson thought Alexander
Hamilton’s economic system “flowed from principles
adverse to liberty, and was calculated to undermine and
demolish the republic.”
3. Why was Napoleon willing to sell the Louisiana
territory to the United States?
4. The War of 1812 is sometimes referred to as the
Second War for Independence. Do you agree that this is
an appropriate title? Why, or why not? Explain…
5. Reflect back to James Madison’s argument in the The
Federalist that diversity and debate would strengthen the
republic, rather than weaken it. Using the Voices of
Freedom was well as the quasi-war, discuss the expansion
of the public sphere and explore whether Madison’s
argument is valid.
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If you signed up for Friday’s debate be sure
and pick up your research.
Homework:
Read chapter 9 for next Tuesday.
 Prepare DBQ on Washington or Jefferson for
Thursday.
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