The Roaring Twenties: Controlled Assessment Monday, 13 April 2015 Y10 Controlled Assessment Assessment for Learning Did everyone benefit from the roaring twenties? Explain your answer. (50 marks)- 2000 words Did everyone benefit from the Roaring Twenties? Explain your answer (50 marks)- 2000 words 10 marks- Knowledge and Understanding. 15 marks- Explanation and Analysis of concepts. Causes, consequence, continuity, change and significance within a historical context. Linking paragraphs together. 25 marks- Analysis and Evaluation of source material (primary and secondary). Show understanding that history can be interpreted differently. What do I do first???? Brainstorm areas that are relevant to answering the question… The 1920s benefitted people The 1920s did not benefit people Technology Organised crime and gangsterism Sport KKK Entertainment Immigration Economy Prohibition Flappers?? Farmers Then what? Make a plan. What areas do you intend to examine in your essay? What will your arguments be? What sources do you intend to use to support your arguments? Can you find additional sources that are not supplied to you in the booklet? (can you make your response a bit unique?) How will you evaluate them? (comment on their value) This plan will need to be handed in for assessment before you go any further. Then what? Choose one area to study. Look for sources first. Try to find ones that show more than one argument. (This will allow you to generate debate and get a better mark) What do the sources show in that particular area? Was the period roaring? For all? How roaring? Did all people in that particular group share the same experience? What does your evidence prove? I.e. use the source, “This source suggests…” Evaluate the source – “This source is useful because…” Finally, link your argument back to the question – “Therefore, the 1920s were a time of progress in the area of……. Because….” How do I start it off Miss…. Introduction. What is an effective introduction? You must use your own knowledge to set the question in context (What is happening in America at this time that relates to the question?) Tell the reader what you think, what you are going to prove. Then spend the rest of your answer proving you are right. A good introduction For many people in America during the 1920s, the decade was a time which could certainly be called ‘roaring’– economically, technologically and socially. Women enjoyed new freedoms, there were more consumer goods in society, enriching the lives of many. 20% of all Americans owned a motor car by the end of the period – compared to 1 in 7000 in Russia! In sport too, the 1920s was a golden age and for the first time, sports stars enjoyed celebrity status. However, for many, the 1920s was not a time of progress. Organised crime became glamorised and many major cities descended into lawlessness – most notably Chicago. Racism also flourished too as a result of black people trying to improve their lives by migrating North in the hope of finding a better job. Around 5 million people joined the KKK in the 1920s which shows that the decade can be one that is described as one of ‘hate’. The changes for women too were seen by the older generation as a period of decline – moral standards were slipping and this was leading to major damage for society in general. I intend to argue that the 1920s were a time to be called ‘roaring’ for many but this experience was not consistent and that for many, things even got worse. Getting started. Your first paragraph Each paragraph should begin with what you are going to argue in that paragraph. Not a fact, not a statement, an argument. Try not to write in the first person either and ALWAYS WRITE IN THE PAST TENSE!!! Possible factors You are to choose 4 factors: Farmers (Rural South did not benefit as much from the economic boom) Industry (Urban centres: Chicago, New York, Los Angeles (Film). Rise of Henry Ford, coal industry declines whilst nylon industries increase) Women (New found freedom v moral decline, urban v rural) Immigrants (arguably did not benefit much, Sacco and Vanzetti, American Dream) Race (resurgence of KKK v the rise of Jazz music and its popularity) Organised crime (rise of the gangsters: Al Capone and bootleggers) Rise of liberal thinking (the Monkey trial and the ‘Bible Belt’) You must assess if the group benefitted to a large extent, some extent or not at all (and be critical within that too!) Use the source and then comment. Or you could choose a theme Culture: flappers, film, sport, music, drinking culture and Prohibition, rise of celebrity (even Capone!) Economics: Ford, new industries (consumer goods), old v new (economic shift from Boston and Washington to New York and L.A.) Social: women, living conditions, experience of black people (segregation), experience of immigrants, impact of advertising and living beyond your means, rise of organised crime Religion: new ideas v traditional thinking, geographical differences (liberal West v south and mid-west ‘Bible states’, theory of evolution (Monkey trial) and the atheists v fundamentalists For example “For many women, the 1920s was a period when they saw increased freedoms and became liberated from the traditions that had kept them suppressed for decades and so they did benefit. Many ‘flappers’, as they were called, rebelled against the way women had been treated for years and hated the fact that men were given better treatment in the workplace. They rebelled because they had been given a taste of independence in WWI and they wanted this independence to continue – many historians have called this period ‘the flapper phenomenon’. Not all women enjoyed these freedoms though, flappers were mainly middle class girls from the north and visual evidence from the time shows some wearing short dresses, smoking cigarettes and wearing make up. Other photographs support these images and show them enjoying themselves dancing high energy dances, like the Charleston, and held onto their partners without wearing gloves! Images like this suggest that for these women, the decade was indeed roaring as their lifestyles improved significantly for the better. However, many older and more traditional people hated these changes and the President of Florida University in 1923 said “…the stockings and short skirts are born of the devil..” This source suggests that many saw flappers as an example of the evils of modern life. This could be supported by the fact that many more girls were having sex before marriage – in 1900, 80% of girls were virgins on their wedding night whereas in 1920, only 31% were. Therefore for many girls, but certainly not all, the 1920s were a period that could be called roaring.” Source selection I need to find at least 2/3 pieces of historical evidence to support my argument in each paragraph. Try to vary them if you can i.e. don’t just use photographs for example. Which sources prove your point? Source evaluation In your essay, you must try to comment on the value of at least 3 sources. (purpose/knowledge/authorship/cross reference) You do not need to criticise them (You will do in your exam next year!!) but you will get credit if you are able to comment on its particular value. E.g.. “The photograph is particularly useful for revealing the lack of progress made in the 1920s as the image is clearly portraying the KKK in a brutal light and was taken to try and discredit these people and inflame the protest movement” Next paragraph Ideally, you would try to link your paragraphs together, to demonstrate that factors can be inter linked and have impacts on other factors. If you can’t, the maximum mark you will get is an A. For example, did all people experience the same things? Did they experience them at the same rate? Are any factors more important than others? Can you prove your opinions, with hard evidence? Can any of the factors be contributory in isolation, or do they arise as a result of other factors? Conclusion – What is a good one? The purpose of your final paragraph is a hugely important one – you must summarise your main points discussed in your analysis to answer the focus question. Do not introduce new material. Use the words in the question to help you structure what you write. It should be about 200 words long too for it to be a good one. A few sentences is not adequate in a piece of work of this nature. So… As a class, what should be on our final ‘tips’ page… . Don’t drift into narrative, stick to the Q . Link all points back to the Q CONSISTENTLY!!! (i.e. use the word benefit) . Use relevant sources that back up your point . Identify, explain, support, link! . Intro – Context, understand the Q, outline the argument. What should you do now? You will need to give a paragraph into your teacher every week for them to assess You must make this your priority over the coming months as this is worth 25% of your overall GCSE grade! There are loads of good websites to get you started e.g. http://www.johndclare.net/America5.htm