SPI
0807.Inq.2
Instructions
(Tools
andthe
Procedures
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Notes
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Tools
and Procedures
in Science
Then
use the right-arrow
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 3)The
procedures
used in science
are called
the keyboard
scientific method
advance through thisScientific
presentation.
Method
(In Flow Chart Format)
 These procedures involve thoroughly examining events and items
in nature, finding patterns, and drawing logical conclusions based
on verifiable evidence
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures

Tools and Procedures in Science
 The procedures used in science are called the scientific method
Scientific Method
(In List Format)
Step 1: Make Observations
Step 2: Ask A Question
Step 3: Form A Hypothesis
Step 4: Test The Hypothesis
 By doing experiments
Step 5: Analyze The Results
Step 6: Draw Conclusions
Step 7: Communicate results
 A key procedure is when test your hypothesis by doing detailed
and thorough experiments (step 4 shown above)
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures

Experiments
 In an experiment you measure a quantities and/or qualities
 In an experiment you should conduct multiple trials
 Experiments should include independent variables, dependent
variables, constants, and controls.
Example:
 Scientists could be testing a new vaccine for the flu virus to
determine how effective it is
 Scientists could be measuring how air pollution damages plants
and animals
 Scientists could be measuring the output of solar flares to
determine how they might damage our communication
satellites
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.1
Experiments
(Variables
and Controls)

In an experiment…
…you should only test for ONE key thing at a time
This is called the…
…after you introduce the independent variable, you observe
what happens.
This response/result is called the…
Items or events that are repeated exactly the same way each
time you duplicate an experiment are called…
NOTE: You should also conduct a control experiment
where you either eliminate out the independent variable or
use a neutral independent variable (called a placebo)
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools
and Procedures
Experiments

In an experiment…
 …you use scientific tools such as…
 …a spring scale -measures force (weight)
 …a graduated cylinder -measures volume
 …a triple beam balance -measures mass
 …a metric ruler or meter stick -measures length
 …a microscope -allows you to observe very small things
 …a metric thermometer-measures temperature
 …a stop watch -measures time
 …a pH indicator -measures acidity and basicity
 …a galvanometer -measures electrical current
(strength and direction)
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures
Scientific Tools

Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures

Scientific Tools
In an experiment…
…you measure things with the metric system using tools such as:
 …a spring scale -measures force (weight)
-unit of measure: newtons (N)
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures

Scientific Tools
In an experiment…
…you measure things with the metric system using tools such as:
 …a graduated cylinder-measures volume
-unit of measure: liters
-examples: milliliter (mL), liter (L)
-can be converted to cubic centimeters etc.
-measures both liquid volume and volume of irregular solids
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures

Scientific Tools
In an experiment…
…you measure things with the metric system using tools such as:
 …a triple beam balance (or electric balance) -measures mass
-unit of measure: grams
-examples: milligrams (mg), grams (g), kilograms (kg)
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures

Scientific Tools
In an experiment…
…you measure things with the metric system using tools such as:
 …a metric ruler or meter stick-measures length
-unit of measure: meters
-examples: millimeter (mm), centimeter (cm), meter (m), kilometer (km)
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools
and Procedures
Scientific
Tools
In an experiment…
…you might need to look at things that are very small
 …you would use a microscope

Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
(Tools and Procedures

Scientific Tools
In an experiment…
…you measure things with the metric system using tools such as:
 …a metric thermometer-measures temperature
-unit of measure: degrees-celsius (C) or kelvins (K)
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
Scientific
Tools
(Tools
and Procedures

In an experiment…
…you could measure the strength of an acid or base with a…
 …pH Indicator
-measures acidity and basicity
-unit of measure: pH scale reading from 0 to 14
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
Scientific
Tools
(Tools
and Procedures

In an experiment…
…you also might use a galvanometer to measure electrical current
…measures both the strength & direction of electrical current
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
Scientific
Tools
(Tools
and Procedures
In an experiment…
…you also might use……
…beakers
…test tubes
beaker
Test tubes

…flasks
flask
Notes
SPI 0807.Inq.2
Scientific
Tools
(Tools
and Procedures
In an experiment…
…you also might use……
…a hot plate
…a Petri dish

…a Bunsen burner
Petri dish
hot plate
Bunsen burner