OLED
Siu Yuen
Steven Donoso
5-7-14
Abstract:
An OLED is not just an LED that uses organic material,
it is superior to LED in several ways. To begin with it is
lighter, thinner, brighter, and has lower power consumption.
The major drawbacks right now are the cost of
manufacturing and lifespan of the device. However, in the
near future these problems will be resolved.
1
Outline

Introduction
◦

Displays: OLED vs. LCD/LED
◦





Advantages & Disadvantages
Lighting: OLED vs. Conventional Bulbs
◦

History of OLED & Device Structure
Advantages & Disadvantages
Future Applications
Conclusion
References
5 Key Concepts
Questions
2
History of OLED
3
How it Works
4
Manufacturing Processes

Vacuum thermal evaporation (VTE)
◦

Organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD)
◦

Uses vacuum to heat up and evaporate the organic
material and have it condense into film on a cool
substrate.
Low pressure, hot-walled reactor chamber using
carrier gas to carry the evaporated organic material
to a cool substrate to condense into film.
Inkjet printing
◦
Spray the organic materials as film on the substrate.
5
Manufacturing Processes


Dimensions
 Red (625 nm) and green (530 nm) diodes,
and blue diodes (430 nm).
Lifespan
◦
From 40K-100K hrs. (14K for blue light).
6
Manufacturing Processes

Vacuum thermal evaporation (VTE)
◦

Organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD)
◦

Uses vacuum to heat up and evaporate small
organic molecular materials and have it condense
into film on a cool substrate.
Low pressure, hot-walled reactor chamber using
carrier gas to carry the evaporated organic material
to a cool substrate to condense into film.
Inkjet printing
◦
Spray long chained organic polymer materials as
film on the substrate.
7
Displays: OLED vs. LCD/LED

Advantages of OLED
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
Lower power usage
Faster refresh rate and better contrast
Brighter
Better durability
Simple design
Lighter weight
New screen types
Viewing angle
8
Displays: OLED vs. LCD/LED

Disadvantages of OLED
◦
◦
◦
◦
Costs
Life expectancy
Operation under bright light
Size limit
9
Lighting: OLED vs. Bulbs

Advantages of OLED
Thinner and lightweight
◦ Lower power consumption
◦ Can be used on transparent or reflective surface
(mirror or window)
◦ Cooler to the touch
◦ Dimmable
◦ No mercury
◦ Flexible and can be
cut into any shape
◦
1
Lighting: OLED vs. Bulbs

Disadvantages
◦
◦
High cost of materials
Life is too short to make it cost effective
1
Future Applications

Lighting
Illuminating wallpaper
 Flat panel lighting can fit
anywhere i.e. home, office,

and transportation


Luminescent window glass
Display



Head-up display (HUD)
Laptop monitor
Residential video wall
The rear lighting is provided by OLEDs for
the first time on a BMW.
1
Conclusion

OLED is a very appealing technology since it
has good energy efficiency, many different
uses, and no harmful materials toward
humans. Although there are still some
problems with this technology like the
manufacturing costs and its lifespan.
However, within a decade or so most if not all
of these problems would be solved.
1
References





Tsujimura, Takatoshi. OLED Display: Fundamentals and Applications.
Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2012. Print.
Denison, Caleb. "OLED vs. LED: Which Is the Better TV Technology?" Digital
Trends. N.P., 20 Aug. 2013. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.
"OLED-Info Is the Web's Leading Resource on OLED TVs, Displays and
Lighting." OLED Info. N.p., 2013. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.
"HowStuffWorks "How OLEDs Work"" HowStuffWorks. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 May
2014.
Wu, Xiaoxiao, Fushan Li, Wei Wu, and Tailiang Guo. "Flexible White
Phosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Diodes Based on Multilayered
Graphene/PEDOT:PSS Transparent Conducting film." Applied Surface Science
Jan.16 (2014): n. pag. Elsevier. Web. 20 Apr. 2014.
<http://www.journals.elsevier.com/applied-surface-science>.
1
5 Key Concepts





Blue OLED burn out the fastest.
Polymer based OLED can be manufactured
with an inkjet printer.
OLED is brighter because it’s not incased in
glass which would reflect light.
Substrate doesn’t matter because it’s an
emissive device.
Uses multiple layers to produce different
colors.
1
Questions?
1