How did the following help ignite the war in
Europe?
 Nationalism

Encouraged competitiveness and antagonism among nations; made
various ethnic groups want to establish independent nations of their
own
 Imperialism

Encouraged competitiveness and antagonism among nations
 Militarism

Led to military buildups and a naval arms race
 Alliances

Committed nations to support one another if attacked
 Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand

Led Austria-Hungary to declare war against Serbia, which
automatically brought nations involved in the alliance system
Why did the following groups of Americans tend
to oppose U.S. participation in the war?
 Naturalized Citizens
 Had close ties to their home nations
 Socialists
 Saw the war as an imperialist struggle
 Pacifists
 Believed that all wars are evil
 Parents
 Didn’t want their sons to experience the horrors of
warfare and to die
What did the following nations do to encourage
U.S. participation in the war?
 Britain
 Cut the transatlantic cable between Germany and the U.S.;
emphasized accounts of German aggression in its news
reports to the U.S.; gave the U.S. large orders for war
materials and took out large loans form the U.S.
 Germany
 Engaged in unrestricted submarine warfare; sank the
Lusitania carrying Americans; promised to give Mexico
American territory
 Russia
 Overthrew the czar and established a representative
government, creating a situation in which the war became
one of democracy versus dictatorships
Allies
 FRANCE
 BRITAIN
 RUSSIA
CENTRAL POWERS
 GERMANY
 AUSTRIA HUNGARY
 OTTOMAN EMPIRE
NO MAN’S LAND
 THE AREA BETWEEN THE
TWO TRENCHES, USUALLY A
BARREN EXPENSE OF MUD
POCKMARKED WITH SHELL
CRATERS AND FILLED WITH
BARBED WIRE
TRENCH WARFARE
 LINES DUG INTO THE
GROUND WHERE THE TWO
SIDES WOULD ATTACK
FROM. CAUSED HEAVY
CASUALTIES
ZIMMERMAN NOTE
 A TELEGRAM FROM THE
GERMAN FOREIGN MINISTER
TO THE GERMAN
AMBASSADOR IN MEXICO
THAT PROPOSED AN ALLIANCE
BETWEEN MEXICO AND
GERMANY. IF MEXICO WOULD
DECLARE WAR ON THE
UNITED STATES