Explorers & Settlements
Chapter 4
Standard 8-1:
The student will demonstrate an understanding of
the settlement of South Carolina and the United
States by Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans.
8-1.2:
Compare the motives, activities, and
accomplishments of the exploration of South
Carolina and North America by the Spanish, French,
and English.
Chapter 4
Settlement Timeline
• 1566 Spain attempts Ft San Felipe on the remains of Charles
Fort’s
• 1576 Spain attempts Ft San Marcos on the remains Ft San
Felipe’s
• 1607 Jamestown, VA is the First permanent English
settlement in America
• 1619 Africans first arrive in America
• 1663 Carolina colony given to Lord Proprietors
1566 Spain attempts Ft
San Felipe on Charles
Fort’s remains
1576 Spain attempts
Ft San Marcos on Ft
San Felipe’s remains
1607 Jamestown, VA 1st
permanent settlement
in Amercia
1619 Africans first
arrive in America
1663 Carolina
colony given to
Lord Proprietors
Chapter 4
European Renaissance
Michelangelo's Pieta statue
da Vinci’s Mona Lisa
Michelangelo's David statue
Dark Ages: education was neglected, many people didn’t know
how to read or write
The Renaissance:
•A time of renewed interest in education and art
•Kings began to explore new lands
–To become richer and more powerful than others
European Renaissance
Reasons European Kings financed
exploration.
Chapter 4
European Renaissance
da Vinci’s helicopter diagram
da Vinci’s parachute diagram
Kings (Spain, France, & England)
Planned to become richer and more powerful through
trade and owning new lands
 They financed explorers to find new trade routes and
new land to claim
From the land, they hoped to get natural resources
which they could use or sell; either way, they would get
richer.
Exploration Competition
Spain, France, and England vied for a
foothold in SC as part of the competition
for colonies that would enrich the
mother country.
Spanish Exploration
Conquistadors
The 3 G’s of Spanish
Explorations:
Encomiendas
Chapter 4
Spanish Exploration
Money & Power
Trade ($) & Territory
Conquistadors (Spanish
Explorers/Conquerors) Claimed
large areas of Central & South
America
3 G’s of Spanish Exploration:
1. Gold
2. God
3. Glory
Initially searched for Gold (The 3
G’s) in Florida, SC, and the
American Southwest
Soon set up encomiendas (large
plantations) on which natives
were put to work
Disease and overwork would
decimated the native population
Spanish
Things that the Spanish brought or
created in the New World…
Spanish Exploration
 The Spanish brought in African
Slaves to work the plantations and
mines to produce more wealth
 Built cities & established
universities
 Brought their complex social class
system & style of government
 Their Catholic religion
Exploration
Chapter 4
Francisco Gordillo (Spanish)
•Sent by Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon to explore North America
•1st to explore South Carolina
•His voyage gave Spain claim to SC
Giovanni da Verrazano (Italian –working for France)
•1524 sighted land just north of Myrtle Beach (today)
•His voyage gave France claim to SC
Spanish
Hernan de Soto
Exploration and Colonies
Hernando de Soto
• April 1540 led an expedition across the
Savannah River
• Entered Indian settlement Cofitachequi
– Stayed 2 weeks
• Moved towards present day North Carolina
• Headed west & died in Mississippi River Area
• 1st European to see the interior of South
Carolina
Chapter 4
Spanish
San Miguel de Gualdape
Exploration
Chapter 4
San Miguel de Gualdalpe
•1st settlement attempted in SC by Lucas Vasquez
de Ayllon (Spanish)
Located on the Waccamaw River (Near present-day
Georgetown)
•Settlers included some African slaves from Santo
Domingo
Settlement wiped out by a cold winter, food
shortages, and disease
San Miguel was abandoned
Spanish
Fort San Felipe
Spanish Settlements
Chapter 4
Ft. San Felipe (Spanish)
Built on the abandoned settlement of Charlesfort,
again trying to establish a foothold in SC
This settlement survived for ten years until it
was attacked by Native Americans
 Survivors fled to St. Augustine, Florida
–1st permanent European settlement in North
America
Ft. San Marcos (Spanish)
oAttempted on same location as San Felipe
oSent missionaries to convert natives to
Catholicism
oAnother Failed settlement
French Exploration
Where they explored and established
settlements:
French Exploration
Searching for the Northwest Passage
Sailed down the St. Lawrence River and
claimed the region for France.
Established settlements at Montreal and
Quebec
Frenchmen traveled along the rivers,
including the Mississippi River, and claimed
those lands for France, naming it Louisiana
after their king.
St. Lawrence River
French Exploration
The Cultures that the French brought
to the New World
French Exploration
Although relatively few Frenchmen
settled in these cold climates, they
brought their culture with them.
French Protestants
(Huguenots)were not allowed to
immigrate to the New World so the
French colony was Catholic
French traders established good
relations with the native peoples
Relied on the Natives for trade in
furs.
French Exploration
Charlesfort
Exploration
Chapter 4
Charlesfort (French)
Jean Ribault led Huguenots to America in
1562
Built a fort near present day Beaufort (Parris
Island)
Named water Port Royal
Later abandoned
English Explores
Reasons for English exploration
and settlement
Cultures that the English brought
to the New World
English Exploration
• English explorers also sailed along the coast of
North America, claiming these lands for the
English King.
– They would later establish permanent settlements
along the eastern coast naming them Virginia and
New England.
• Some settlers were attracted to these regions by
the hope for the discovery of gold & stayed to
grow tobacco.
• Others were fleeing from religious persecution
in England & founded societies based on their
shared religious values
• All English settlers brought their culture,
including their language, Protestant religions,
and ideas about self-government, with them to
the New World.
English Exploration
1st English Settlement in SC
Where & Why
Exploration and Colonies
Albemarle Point
•Settlement founded by
English
•Became the 1st permanent
colony (Charles Town) in SC
•The location offered many
advantages to the settlers
because of it’s natural
harbors.
•South Carolina became an
economically important
colony for the British.