Objective: Describe and analyze the protest in India
that led to self-rule, including Gandhi’s Salt march,
and “civil disobedience.”
Chapter 12.3 India Seeks Self-Rule
 I. Calls for Independence
 A. Amritsar Massacre – a turning point for many
Indians
 B. After serving in WWI the Indians were promised
greater self-gov.
 C. Indian Nat’l Congress party – pressed for self-rule
after Amritsar
D. 1920’s a new leader emerged – Mohandas Gandhi
He united Indians across class lines
 E. Gandhi spent 20 years in South Africa

a. He fought laws that discriminated against
Indians

b.In 1914 he returned to India
II.The Power of Nonviolence
 A. Gandhi inspired Indians of all religious and
ethnic backgrounds
 B. The nonviolent protests caught the attention of
the British Gov. and the world.
 C. Gandhi’s Ideas

a. Theories embraced Hindu traditions
 b. He preached nonviolence and respect for life
 c. His philosophy reflected both Christian (western)
and Indian teachings
 d. He believed in Thoreau’s idea of “civil disobedience”

(refusal to obey unjust laws)
 e. He was influenced by western ideas of democracy

and nationalism
 D. Gandhi Sets an Example

a. He launched a series of nonviolent actions in the
1920s and 1930s.

1. called for Indians to boycott

b. He worked to restore pride in Indian products
 E. Gandhi Takes a Stand: the Salt March

a. Takes a stand against the British salt monopoly

b. Natural salt was available at the sea

c. British insisted the Indians buy salt from the
monopoly
 F. Breaking the Law

a. 1930 Gandhi and 78 followers marched 240-miles



to the sea
b. By the time they reached the sea the people
numbered in the thousands
c. Gandhi walked into the sea and picked up a
lump of salt
1. He was soon arrested
2. Tens of thousands of Indians were
arrested
 G. Steps toward Freedom






a. Newspapers around the world criticized Britain’s
harsh reaction
H. Looking Ahead
a. 1939 new world war explodes
b. Indians were angered by Britain bringing them
into a war w/o consulting them first.
c. They launched a campaign of noncooperation
d. Millions of Indians did help Britain during the
war
e. Indian gained its independence in 1945
General Classes answer the
following questions
 Why did Indians call for independence after WWI?
 What methods did Indians under Gandhi use to resist
British rule?
 What did the Salt March symbolize?
Honors Classes
 Create two cause and effect charts. Include one
illustration for each chart.
 One for the Salt March
 One for Civil Disobedience
I