Warm-up #8
1) Create a KWL for knights. Include at least three
things you know and want to know. We’ll do the
learn column later.
Do Now
• Work on your Knight handout.
• As a group share answers from your
worksheet.
• You will also need a half or whole sheet of
loose leaf paper (title = Medieval Quiz #1)
Knights and Samurai Venn
• Use your Knights worksheet and Life of Samurai
worksheets (from the Japan section of your
notebook) to compare and contrast knights with
samurai.
• At the bottom answer question 1c, 2a, 2b, 2c from
the Chapter 9.4 Assessment.
Warfare
• Wars were common during the Middle Ages.
– Most were private fights between feudal lords, or lords and
vassals, and were local conflicts but a few were large-scale events
involving entire regions
• For nobles, wars were an opportunity for glory and wealth.
• For most people of the Middle Ages, however, war was a
major cause of suffering and hardship.
• The church
– tried to limit the suffering caused by war by prohibiting acts of
violence near churches and other holy buildings.
– forbade violence against cattle and agricultural equipment as well
as certain types of persons, including clergy, women, merchants,
and pilgrims.
Warfare: Armor
• Knights in the Middle Ages
wore armor in battle and were
heavily armed.
• Armor was made of chain
mail—small, interlocking metal
links stitched to a knee-length
leather shirt.
• The knight would also wear an
iron helmet and carry a sword,
a large shield, and a lance.
• When gunpowder was invented
during the late Middle Ages,
overlapping metal plates
replaced chain mail.
• Plate armor was so heavy that
knights had to be hauled onto
their horses with cranes.
Pair-Share
• Why do you think that wearing armor was unpopular
by the 1700s?
Becoming a Knight
• To become a knight, a boy had to belong to the noble
class and had to pass through two stages of training.
• Page- The first stage began at about the age of seven.
• The page would learn knightly manners and how to use
and care for weapons.
• Squire- the second stage usually the boy was a
teenager.
• The squire would take care of the knight's horse, armor,
and weapons.
• When ready, the squire would accompany the knight into
battle.
• If the squire proved himself to be a skilled and courageous
fighter, he would be knighted in an elaborate religious
ceremony.
Knight Life: Code of Honor
• Chivalry was a system of rules that dictated knights'
behavior towards others.
• Knights were expected to be courageous in battle and to
fight fairly.
• If a knight used tricks and strategy to overcome an
opponent, he was considered a coward.
• A knight was expected to be loyal to his friends and to
keep his word.
• He was required to treat his conquered foes gallantly.
• A knight was also expected to be courteous to women
and the less powerful.
• A knight was required to extend courtesy only to people
of his own class.
Pair-Share
• Compare and contrast chivalry to bushido.
Knight Life
• A knight's coat of arms
identified him
• A coat of arms was a
symbol that
represented his
personal characteristics.
• A coat of arms was
passed along from one
generation to the next.
Knights Reader and Worksheet
• Read the text and use it to answer the
questions on your worksheet.
• Please use complete sentences where
appropriate.
Knights & Samurai
• Japanese samurai and European Knights never
actually met, but they had much in common.
• Both had to take vows of loyalty to their lords.
• Both were expected to be disciplined and
honorable.
• Both had codes of honor
– Samurai had: Bushido
– Knights had: Chivalry
Europe & Japan Differ
• Although Samurai and Knights were very similar in
many ways, their cultures were mostly different.
Japan
Europe
Shintoism/Confucianism/________
Christianity
Art: focused mainly on nature
Art: focused mainly on religious themes
Forgiveness
Seppuku
• Their feudal systems seemed similar but the cultures
that lay behind them were different.
Japanese and European Feudalism
Europe
Both
Japan
• Christianity
• Religious themes in art
and literature
• No ritual suicide
• Chivalry – focused on
protecting women, old,
and children.
• Women were not
allowed to be warriors.
• Monarch has much
power
• Peasants are tied to the
land.
• Heavy metal armor.
• Warrior class (respected
by society)
• Warriors from upper
class
• Warriors have a code of
honor.
• Peasants/merchants at
bottom on social
hierarchy.
• Only upper class owns
land (nobles and
daimyo)
• Buddhism and
Confucianism
• Nature praised in art
and literature
• Ritual suicide for
warriors
• Bushido
• Women could be
samurai
• Emperor is a figurehead
with little power.
• Feudalism lasted longer
until the late 1800s.
• Flexible leather armor
• Peasants work the land to
feed the entire population
while remaining poor.
Compare and Contrast Foldable
• Draw a Samurai & Knight
Samurai
Knight
•
•
•
Left: List Samurai’s & Japan’s unique
qualities
Middle: List Japan’s & Europe’s similarities
Right: List Knights & Europe's unique
qualities
Samurai
Similarities
Knights