Reviewing the Documents in
Unit 3 packet
MISS SPRINGBORN
TEAM 6
Document #2- Jacob Riis
 Why is it so dark in the tenement?
 Few windows
 Where do the people get their water?
 Fire hydrants, hallway sinks
 Why does Riis show a difference between the poor
people in the tenements and paupers?
 They are trying their best to make a better life
for themselves and families but can’t; they
need help
Document #3- Political Bosses
Document #3
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What is the source of the cartoon?
THE NEW YORK TIMES
What is the caption of the cartoon?
WHO STOLE THE PEOPLE’S MONEY? DO TELL. ‘TWAS
HIM
What are the people doing?
POINTING AT EACH OTHER, BLAMING EACH OTHER
FOR STEALING THE MONEY
What is the “Tammany Ring” referring to?
TAMMANY HALL POLITICAL MACHINE
What is the message of the cartoon?
TAMMANY HALL AND BOSS TWEED STOLE MONEY
FROM THE PUBLIC AND NONE OF THEM WILL TAKE
THE BLAME
Document #3 Continued
 Why did Thomas Nast choose to expose Boss Tweed to
the American public?
 HE WAS SICK AND TIRED OF THE ILLEGAL
DEALINGS THAT WERE GOING ON IN NYC. HE
ALSO WANTED TO HELP SAVE THE CITY FROM
CORRUPTION.
 Why was Thomas Nast more successful in exposing Boss
Tweed with his cartoons than an author who wrote a
book?
 NOT EVERYONE COULD READ (THEY DIDN’T
GO TO SCHOOL), BUT THEY COULD LOOK AT A
CARTOON AND FIGURE OUT WHAT IT WAS
SAYING.
Document #4- Upton Sinclair
 What kinds of things happened to the meat that people had to
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eat?
SOAKED IN CHEMICALS; IT WOULD SPOIL & BE
DOSED WITH BORAX & REUSED
What class of people probably read this book and why?
THE WEALTHY BECAUSE THE POOR DID NOT GO
TO SCHOOL
What impact did this book have on the public?
THE PUBLIC WAS OUTRAGED
What acts were passed due to the publishing of The Jungle?
THE MEAT INSPECTION ACT AND THE PURE FOOD
AND DRUG ACT
Document #4- Ida Tarbell
 Why has Standard Oil been able to continue with their unfair business
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practices for so long?
THEY USED FORCE AND FRAUD
What excuse is given for men in business that use unfair practices?
“IT’S BUSINESS”
Why do people admire John D. Rockefeller rather than hate him?
BECAUSE THEY WANT TO BE RICH AND SUCCESSFUL LIKE
HIM
According to the author, what is the first task of the American people?
TO SECURE FREE AND EQUAL TRANSPORTATION
PRIVILEGES BY RAIL, PIPE AND WATERWAY
What does “a leech on our pockets, a barrier to our free efforts” mean and
what is the author referring to?
THAT ROCKEFELLER IS STEALING MONEY FROM PEOPLE’S
POCKETS AND BLOCKING THEIR FREEDOM IN
TRANSPORTATION.
Document #6- Lewis Hines
Document #6
 What is going on in this picture?
 CHILDREN WORKING IN GLASS WORKS
 What was Lewis Hine trying to expose in his book
Kids at Work?
 HORRIBLE CONDITIONS THAT CHILDREN
WERE FORCED TO WORK IN
 Why might have Lewis Hine’s job been dangerous?
 FACTORY OWNERS DO NOT WANT PEOPLE
TO KNOW THEY HAVE CHILDREN
WORKING IN THEIR FACTORIES
Skip page 10 for now…
GO ON TO PAGE 11
Document #7- Hull House
 First Section main ideas:
 SETTLEMENT HOUSES WERE SET UP TO
PROVIDE COMMUNITY SERVICES TO EASE
URBAN PROBLEMS;
 HULL HOUSE PROVIDED DAY CARE, SOUP
KITCHEN, NURSES FOR THE ILL, MEETING
PLACE FOR UNIONS, EDUCATION
Document #7- Hull House
 Second Section main ideas:
 JANE ADDAMS AND RESIDENTS OF HULL
HOUSE LOBBIED POLITICAL OFFICIALS TO
URGE LAWS TO BE PASSED TO BENEFIT
THE COMMUNITY
Document #7- Hull House
Third Section main ideas:
 JANE ADDAMS AND OTHERS LIKE HER
WERE PART OF THE PROGRESSIVE
MOVEMENT; TEDDY ROOSEVELT RAN AS
THE PROGRESSIVE PARTY CANDIDATE
FOR PRESIDENT IN 1912
Document #7- Hull House
Fourth Section main ideas:
 JANE ADDAMS ALSO WORKED FOR OTHER
CAUSES LIKE WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE, AND
FOR CIVIL RIGHTS
Document #7 questions
 What issue did Jane Addams tackle and why?
 POVERTY, TO IMPROVE CONDITIONS IN
CITIES
 Was Jane Addams a muckraker? Why or why not?
 NO, SHE WORKED TO IMPROVE
CONDITIONS, NOT EXPOSE THEM
Document #8- Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
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How many deaths were there?
141
What made the fire spread so quickly?
Shirtwaist trimmings
What were the causes of death?
Smoke, burns, jumping out windows
What prevented people from escaping the building?
Only one fire escape, locked doors, no aisle room
between machines
Give examples of panic among workers.
Jumping out windows
What do the workers need in order to be prepared for a fire?
Fire drills
End of Child Labor
 A photographer by the name of LEWIS HINE took
photos of kids working adult jobs. His goal was to
expose the very serious problem of CHILD
LABOR. He was successful and many different
CHILD LABOR LAWS were passed.
OTHER CHANGES IN THE WORKPLACE
 During INDUSTRIALIZATION a lot of problems
began in the factories. CONDITIONS were horrible
and workers were paid LOW wages for long
HOURS. Workers decided to unite and form
LABOR UNIONS and go on STRIKE for better
conditions, wages, and hours. They, after a really
long fight, were finally successful
Other Changes in Workplace:
 Some wage laws were passed which stated a
MINIMUM wage that must be paid by employers.
 Workman’s COMPENSATION insurance was
established which gave workers hurt on the job a
cushion.
 SAFETY LAWS were passed to ensure worker
safety on the job.
Changes in Big Business
 CHANGES IN BIG BUSINESS and THE
GOVERNMENT
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 The CLAYTON ANTITRUST ACT was passed to
 prevent the formation of trusts and monopolies.
Changes in Big Business
Document #9, pg. 16
 During this time period Teddy Roosevelt was given
the nickname of the “Trustbuster”. According to
these cartoons, why was he given this nickname?
 ROOSEVELT WAS TRYING TO STOP TRUSTS
(MONOPOLIES) FROM BECOMING TOO
POWERFUL TO MAKE IT FAIR FOR
CONSUMERS
Document #9, pg. 16
 Due to corruption in the government, Wisconsin
governor Robert Lafollette developed ideas to give
VOTERS more power. He believed that if VOTERS
had more power, CORRUPTION in the government
would go down. The ideas he proposed were RECALL,
so that elected representatives could be removed from
office; PRIMARY to ensure that voters select candidates
to run for office, rather than party bosses;
REFERENDUM allows voters to decide if a bill or
proposed amendment should be passed and
INITIATIVE allows voters to propose a bill to state
legislatures.
Page 19
 Using the worksheet you have been given match up
the right solution with each problem
 Write the NUMBER in the solution box when you
make a match
 When you have all matched up have them checked
by the teacher to make sure they are correct
 Once you know you have them all correct, for
homework cut out the solutions and glue/paste/tape
them into the right spot
WOMEN’S RIGHTS
 The Women’s rights movement got its start in a place
called SENECA FALLS in 1848. Here women from
around the U.S. met to decide what they wanted to
fight for and drafted the DECLARATION OF
SENTIMENTS. What did they decide to fight for?
 SUFFRAGE
IRON JAWED ANGELS
 Women’s suffrage movement
Define suffrage:
 THE RIGHT TO VOTE
 So what is women’s suffrage?
 WOMEN’S RIGHT TO VOTE
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 Movie Questions: Iron Jawed Angels
 To be completed in class while watching the movie
Temperance Movement
 Women were also fighting to make alcohol illegal.
This was called the TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT.
They were successful with the passage of the 18TH
AMENDMENT in 1919. One of the main people
involved in this movement was a woman named
CARRIE NATION. She was known for going into
bars with her HATCHET and chopping them up
destroying everything she came across.
Carry Nation
Carry Nation Cartoon Questions
 Who is the woman in the cartoon?
 CARRIE NATION
 What is the camel’s name?
 PROHIBITION
 What is the message of this cartoon?
 CARRIE NATION USED EXTREME
MEASURES TO ENFORCE PROHIBITION.
CIVIL RIGHTS
 RIGHTS GUARANTEED TO ALL PEOPLE –
voting, speech, religion
 Even though the 15TH AMENDMENT was passed
giving African-American men the right to vote, there
were several things that went into place to prevent
them from voting. The GRANDFATHER
CLAUSE said that if your grandfather did not vote,
you could not. The LITERACY TESTS were put in
place and if you could not read/write, you could not
vote; and finally POLL TAXES were charged and if
you could not afford them, you could not vote.
CIVIL RIGHTS
 JIM CROW LAWS__
 After the Civil War these laws went into effect in the
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South
Blacks were excluded from white society – legal
segregation
PLESSY VS FERGUSON__
Supreme Court Case in 1896
Segregation of schools was legal
Court ruled “separate but equal” – blacks and whites
could have separate schools as long as schools could
provide an equal education to all students
Schools were NOT equal