 ORGANIZATION
• NATIONAL ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED
PEOPLE (NAACP)
 BELIEFS,
GOALS, AND TACTICS:
• ENCOURAGED PEACEFUL PROTESTS
AGAINST RACIAL VIOLENCE
• CAMPAIGNED FOR ANTI LYNCHING LAWS
• SOUGHT EQUAL RIGHTS FOR AFRICAN
AMERICANS
 ORGANIZATION
• UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT
ASSOCIATION (UNIA)
 BELIEFS,
GOALS, AND TACTICS:
• “BLACK IS BEAUTIFUL”
• MASS MEETINGS AND PARADES
• MESSAGE OF PRIDE
• BELIEVED THAT AFRICAN AMERICANS SHOULD
BUILD AN INDEPENDENT NATION IN AFRICA
• OPPOSED RACIAL INTEGRATION
• PROMOTED AFRICAN-AMERICAN OWNED
BUSINESSES
 CLAUDE
McKAY
• WROTE MILITANT VERSES URGING AFRICAN
AMERICANS TO RESIST PREJUDICE &
DISCRIMINATION
 LANGSTON
HUGHES
• POET; KNOWN FOR POEMS THAT DESRIBED THE
DIFFICULT EVERYDAY LIVES OF WORKING-CLASS
AFRICAN AMERICANS
 ZORA
NEALE HURSTON
• WRITER OF NOVELS, BOOKS OF FOLKLORE, POEMS
& SHORT STORIES; KNOWN FOR WORKS THAT
PORTRAYED THE LIVES OF POOR, UNSCHOOLED
SOUTHERN AFRICAN AMERICANS
 PAUL
ROBERSON
• MAJOR DRAMATIC ACTOR & SINGER KNOWN FOR
HIS COMMANDING STAGE PERFORMANCE
 LOUIS
ARMSTRONG
• JAZZ TRUMPET PLAYER; KNOWN FOR HIS
ASTOUNDING SENSE OF RHYTHM AND ABILITY TO
IMPROVISE; WENT ON TO BECOME ONE OF THE
MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSCIANS IN JAZZ
 DUKE
ELLINGTON
• JAZZ PIANIST AND COMPOSER; CONSIDERED ONE
OF AMERICA’S GREATEST COMPOSERS
 BESSIE
SMITH
• BLUES SINGER; PERHAPS THE MOST OUTSTANDING
FEMALE VOCALIST OF HER TIME; IN 1927, BECAME
THE HIGHEST-PAID BLACK ARTIST IN THE WORLD