AT – 201
Introduction to Architecture
Dan Trent
August 27, 2012
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List four basic house designs
Explain the chief advantages of each house
design
List disadvantages of each house design
Explain traffic circulation in a floor plan
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Intermediate Level
Living Level
One-and-One-Half Story
One-Story Ranch
Sleeping Level
Split-Level
Traffic Circulation
Two-Story
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One-Story Ranch
One-and-One-Half Story
Two-Story
Split-Level
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Side-by-Side
Front-to-Back
Back-to-Front
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Available Space (Footprint)
Site Contour
Climate
Convenience
Cost
Surroundings
Personal Preference
Personal Needs
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CHARACTERISTICS
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All regular living space on one level
Low pitched roof
Usually over a crawl space or on a slab, but may
have a basement
 ADVANTAGES
Lends itself to Indoor/outdoor living
Patios, porches, and terraces
Glass brings outdoors in (looks bigger)
Easy maintenance (painting, cleaning gutters)
Easy to add on rooms/wings
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 DISADVANTAGES
More costly to build due to larger roof area
and longer foundation
Requires a larger lot since it spreads OUT and
not UP
May cost more to heat because it is so spread
out
Maintenance issues due to all the roof area
and exterior wall area
Considerable hall space required to access all
rooms
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Higher cost (roof area)
Larger “footprint” requires larger lot
Difficult to heat since it is so spread out
Long Hallways
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CHARACTERISTICS
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Essentially a ranch house with a steeper roof that
allows use of the attic for living space
Dormers usually added to provide light and
ventilation
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Lower cost (almost twice the space under one
roof)
Expandable (if one wishes to finish attic space)
Versatile (finish “upstairs” later as family
grows)
Lower heating/cooling cost
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Low head room along perimeter
Steeper roof, stairs, and dormers add to cost
Wasted space at lower end of short walls (see
figure 2-12 on page 41)
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Advantages
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Smaller “footprint” so can be built on a smaller lot
Lower heating/cooling costs
More economical to build (2 floors, one roof)
 Disadvantages
Stairs
Out of “style” in favor of contemporary look
Not easily modified or “dressed up”
Difficult maintenance (gutters, painting)
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Classic examples
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As the name suggests, the house is “split” into
multiple levels
Basement (heating/cooling equipment or storage)
 Intermediate (garage or recreation room)
 Living level (kitchen, dining, living, and bathroom)
 Sleeping level (bedrooms and baths)
 See page 46
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Conceived to solve problems presented by a
sloping or “hilly” lot
Three basic variations
 Front-to-Back
(for lots that are “high” in the front,
low in the back – looks like a RANCH from front)
 Back-to-Front (for lots that are low in front, high in
the back)
 Side-to-Side (for lots that slope from one side to the
other
 (see page 46 – next slide)
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The movement of people from one area or
room to another
Plan for maximum efficiency of movement
SHORT travel paths
DO NOT go through rooms to get to other
rooms
Classic Kitchen Triangle –
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Stove-Refrigerator-Sink
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www.OwensCorning.com
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www.gp.com/build/index.html
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Building materials, composite, sustainability, d
Products, sustainability, products, safety, where to
buy, resources (products = PLYTANIUM, resources
= DOGHOUSE)
www.reynoldsbp.com
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Roof shingles, bay windows, patios/decks
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List 4 basic residential house designs
Identify 5 advantages of the ranch style house
List 5 disadvantages of the ranch style house
A one-and-one-half story house can be
recognized by its _________ ___________ ,
which often has ___________ to allow light into
the attic
Traffic circulation must be planned for
maximum efficiency of ______________
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Thank you for your attention!
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