Review for histology IIIB students.
A 5-year-old boy falls off his bike and fractures his
humerus. He is taken to the emergency room, and the
bone is set by one of the emergency room physicians.
Which of the following is responsible for producing the
majority of the new bone that will reunite the two
fragments?
A. Cancellous bone
B. Cartilage
C. Compact bone
D. Marrow
E. Periosteum
A 27-year-old male presents to the doctor with complaints of
"heartburn" and painful, sour-tasting acid reflux that has not been
alleviated by over-the-counter medications. An endoscopic exam
is performed and a biopsy of the distal esophagus is taken.
Microscopic examination of the tissue shows normal tissue
without pathologic changes. What type of mucosa is normal for
the distal esophagus?
A. Ciliated, columnar epithelium
B. Keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium
C. Non-ciliated, columnar epithelium
D. Non-keratinized, simple, squamous epithelium
E. Non-keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium
F. Pseudostratified, columnar epithelium
A premature infant develops progressive difficulty
breathing over the first few days of life. Deficient
surfactant synthesis by which of the following cell
types may have contributed to the baby's
respiratory problems?
A. Alveolar capillary endothelial cells
B. Bronchial mucous cells
C. Bronchial respiratory epithelium
D. Type I pneumocytes
E. Type II pneumocytes
Histologic examination of normal skin demonstrates
small numbers of perivascular cells, with darkly stained
ovoid nuclei and granular cytoplasm on hematoxylin and
eosin staining. The cells demonstrate metachromasia of
the cytoplasm when stained with Giemsa stain. Which of
the following products would these cells be most likely to
secrete?
A. Bradykinin
B. Complement factor 3a
C. Histamine
D. Interleukin 2
E. Nitric oxide
Brunner's glands secrete an alkaline product that helps
achieve optimal pH for the activity of pancreatic
enzymes. Where are these glands located?
A. At the base of villi throughout the small intestine
B. In the epithelium of the ampulla of Vater
C. In the mucosa and submucosa of the jejunum
D. In the submucosa of the duodenum
E. In the submucosa of the ileum
•A 33-year-old woman visits the office of her family medicine physician. Her
complaint is nervousness. She describes her nervousness as increasing over the past
six week. She says that her children and husband describe her as atypically “easy to
anger” she says that she now easily loses her temper and often cries for little or no
apparent reason, and she has developed a tremor in her right arm. She has lost 22
pounds since her last office visit nine months ago and indicates that she has not
changed her diet. She describes herself as always “hot” you observe that her eyes
protrude and appear red and inflamed,and she describes her eye as feeling “dry”.
Your examination reveals asthenia,tachycardia and pretibial myxederma. A biopsy of
the organ shows an increase in lymphoid cells. An array of tests is completed. To
which of the following would you expect to detect autoantibodies within this gland?
•C -cells
•Parathyroid principal cells
•Thyrotropin-releasing factor receptors
•Thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase
•TSH receptors
•A medical student presents in the emergency room
and is diagnosed with rupture bowel, the result of a
genetic condition called Ehlers-Danlos type –IV
syndrome. Which one of the following statements
about the patient’s condition is true?
•He has a defect in the synthesis of mRNA encoding
type I collagen
•He has a defect in the genes encoding type IV
collagen
•He has defective type II collagen
•He has an increased risk of breaking his bones
•He has a defect in the translation of mRNA for type
III collagen
•A medical condition in which lipid accumulate
in the nervous system and adrenal glands
impairing their function, due to inability of
peroxisomes to metabolize fatty acids is
called__________
•adrenoleukodystrophy
•zellweger syndrome
•hurler’s syndrome
•sanfilipo syndrome
•morquio syndrome
•As a hematologist in the clinic, you diagnose a
34-year-old female patient with idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP). Which of the
following symptoms/characteristics would you
except in this patient?
•Decreased clotting time
•Normal blood count
•Abnormal bleeding
•Hypercoagulation
•Light menstrual periods
•Which of the following hyperkeratinized
papillae structures on the dorsum of the
anterior suface of the tongue contains the
glands of von ebner gland?
• Foliate papillae
•Filliform papillae
• Fungiform papillae
•Circumvallate papilla