Answer the following questions in complete
sentences, in your science notebook:
1. Name at least 1 specific example of each
type of mountain.
2. Name at least 1 specific example of a plateau
in the US.
3. Name the two types of plains – give a
specific example of each one.
4. What is another name for the Great Plains?
This ball was once a glowing mass
Of mixed and superheated gas,
Till it cooled to liquid, shrank in girth,
Solidified and turned to earth.
For several thousand endless ages
It muddled through its early stages
Of heat, eruptions, floods, and quakes
And other infant bellyaches.
Surviving all such pains and notions,
It settled down as land and oceans.
In eras that are known as “glacials”
The planet then got several facialsWhich filled its unbecoming dimples
And leveled off some rocky pimples.
If, sometimes, there’s a recrudescence,
It’s due, no doubt, to adolescence,
But in the main, we are now able
To say the Earth is fairly stable
And, in most geologic features,
Better balanced than its creatures.
By Joseph S. Newman
* Recrudescence – return of a disease
Objectives:
 You will learn to discuss the differences
between plains and plateaus.
 You will learn to describe folded, upwarped,
fault-block, and volcanic mountains.
Do not copy
the words
typed in this
color

Plains




Coastal
Interior
Plateaus
Mountains


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Folded
Upwarped
Fault-block
Volcanic
Large, flat areas,
often found in the
interior regions of
continents
 Have thick, fertile
soils and abundant,
grassy meadows
suitable for grazing
animals

Plains also are home to a variety of
wildlife, including foxes, ground
squirrels, and snakes
When plains are found near the
ocean, they’re called ______________

A coastal plain is often called a _________
because it is lower in elevation, or distance
above sea level, than the land around it
This area has low
rolling hills, swamps,
and marshes
 The ____________
_____________ is a
good example of this
type of landform

How do coastal
plains form?
 Coastal plains
form when sea
level drops and
the seafloor is
exposed




The central portion of the United States is
comprised largely of _______________
A large part of the interior plains is known
as the ________________
It is a flat, grassy, dry area with few trees
The ________________ are also referred to
as _______________
Do now
Study vocab words on 1st pg of
packet


The world’s highest mountain
peak is _________________ in
the Himalayan Mts. — more
than 8,800 m above sea level
4 types:




folded
upwarped
fault- block
volcanic


Appalachian Mountains and the
The ___________________________
Rocky Mountains in Canada are
____________________
comprised of folded rock layers
In _____________, the rock layers are
folded like a rug that has been pushed up
against a wall

To form folded
mountains,
tremendous
forces inside
Earth squeeze
horizontal rock
layers, causing
them to fold


southern Rocky Mtns. in
The _________________________
Colorado and New Mexico are
upwarped mountains
High peaks and sharp ridges are
common to this type of mountain
Form when blocks
of Earth’s crust are
pushed up by forces
inside Earth


Made of huge,
tilted blocks of
rock that are
separated from
surrounding
rock by faults
These ________ are large fractures in rock along
which mostly vertical movement has occurred
 When these mountains formed, one block was
pushed up, while the adjacent block dropped
down
 This mountain-building process produces majestic
peaks and steep slopes

SAN ANDREAS FAULT
_____________________
_____________________
Begins to form when
molten material reaches
the surface through a
weak area of the crust
The deposited materials
pile up, layer upon layer,
until a cone-shaped
structure forms


_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
Flat, raised areas of land
made up of nearly
horizontal rocks that have
been uplifted by forces
within Earth
 They are different from
plains in that their
edges rise steeply
________
from the land around them

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
________
Plains are large, flat landforms that are usually found
in the interior region of a continent.
__________
Plateaus are flat, raised areas of land with horizontal
rocks that were uplifted.
Folded mtns form when horizontal rock layers are
_______________
squeezed from opposite sides. ()
Upwarped mtns form when blocks of Earth’s crust
__________________
are pushed up by forces inside Earth.
Fault-block mtns form from huge, tilted blocks of
___________________
rock that are separated by faults.
When molten material reaches Earth’s surface through a
weak area, ____________
volcanic mountains begin to form.
Describe the difference between the formation of folded
mountains and fault-block mountains.
 Study
for Quiz on 1.1 Monday!!!
1.
2.
3.
4.
In your notebooks, answer the following
review questions in complete sentences:
What are the three basic types of
landforms?
What are the three types of mountains?
What are the three types of map
projections?
What are topographic maps used for?
1.
2.
3.
The imaginary line representing 0º
Prime Meridian
longitude is the ______________.
What imaginary line separates Earth into
the northern and southern hemispheres?
________
Equator
What is the transition line for calendar
International Date Line
days called? ___________________
Objective:
 Compare and contrast map projections and
their uses.
 Analyze information from topographic,
geologic, and satellite maps.


Maps are models of Earth’s
______ surface
maps for various reasons
Scientists use _____
such as: locating various places and
showing the distribution of various features
or types of materials

A _____________ is made when points
and lines on a globe’s surface are
paper
transferred onto _____
 All
types of
projections distort
_____
the shape/size of
landmasses or
their areas
3 types:
 _______________
 _______________
 _______________




Used mainly on ______
ships
Project correct shapes
_______ of
continents, but the areas are
distorted
Lines of longitude
_________ are projected
onto the map parallel to each other
When longitude lines are projected
as parallel, areas near the poles
appear _______
bigger than they are


Shows accurate continent shapes and more
accurate land areas
Lines of _________
longitude curve just like on a globe
Often are used to
produce maps of
_____
small areas
 Well suited for middle
latitude regions
weather
 Road or ________
maps
 Made by projecting
points and lines from
a globe onto a _____
cone

Models the changes in
elevation of Earth’s
________
surface
 Also indicate cultural
features such as
roads, cities, dams,
and other structures
built by people


A line on a map that
connects points of
______
equal elevation
 The difference in
elevation between
two side-by-side
contour lines is
called a ________
contour
interval
_________

In mountainous areas, the contour lines are
close together
______
 However, if the change in elevation is
slight, the contour lines will be ________
far apart
index
 Some contour lines, called ______
_________,
contours are marked with their elevation

The relationship between
the distances on the map
____
and distances on ______
Earth’s
surface
________

Explains what
symbols
the ________
used on the
map mean
Includes maps that have the same
latitude and ________
longitude
dimensions of _______



Show the arrangement and types of _____
rocks
at Earth’s surface
Using geologic maps and data collected
from rock exposures, a geologist can infer
how rock layers might have looked below
Earth’s surface
The block diagram is a 3D model that illustrates a
solid section of Earth
 The top surface of the
block is the __________
 Side views of the block
are called cross sections,
which are derived from
the surface map




To visualize Earth three
dimensionally, scientists
often rely on computers
Using computers,
information is digitized to
create a three-dimensional
view of features such as
rock layers or river
systems
Digitizing is a process
by which points are plotted
on a coordinate grid



To determine New Zealand’s location
relative to Canada, you probably would
examine a ____________________ or a
_____________________
To travel across the country, you would rely
on a road map, or _______________
To climb the highest peak in your region,
you would take along a _______________


Remote sensing is a
way of collecting
information about Earth
from a distance, often
using satellites
2 types:


Landsat
Global Positioning System
(GPS)



One way the Earth’s surface has been
studied is with data collected from Landsat
satellites
These satellites take pictures of Earth’s
surface using different wavelengths of light
The images can be used to make maps of
snow cover over the United States or to
evaluate the impact of forest fires

The Global Positioning System, or GPS, is
satellite-based, radio-navigation system
that allows users to determine their exact
location anywhere on Earth
 GPS technology is used to navigate, to
create detailed maps, and to track wildlife
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
map projection is the projection of points
A ______________
and lines of a globe’s surface onto paper.
__________________
Topographic maps show the changes in
elevation of Earth’s surface by using contour
lines.
_______________
Geologic maps show the arrangement and
types of rocks at Earth’s surface.
________________
Remote sensing is a way of collecting
information about Earth from a distance, often
by using satellites.
Distant planets can be mapped using satellites
________.
 Study
for Chapter 1 Test!!!
In your notebooks, answer the following
question:
 What is the scientific method? If you are
not sure, take a guess!!!
Objective:
 List and describe steps used in the
scientific method.
The Scientific Method
How do scientists do what they do?
Well, YOU know because you’re a scientist too!
Observation is an important part –
in fact it’s the part at the very start.
For it’s observation that causes you to wonder why
earthworms do what they do and clouds form in the sky.
Your hypothesis is a “best guess” based on what you know
about how things work – now you’re ready to go!
Experimentation lets you test the hypothesis you’ve made –
to see if your best guess can make the grade.
And because variation is found in nature everywhere,
repeated trials should be done, and done with care.
And don’t forget to decide what variables you’ll test.
You change the independent variables, but not the rest.
Recording your data is very important, too;
so you can analyze the results and others can
repeat what you do.
When you’ve summarized your results
and your experiment is done,
You’ll have more information about nature
and you’ll have some fun.
So, now you know that the scientific method is really
cool,
and that scientists don’t just measure – they RULE!!!
Determine the problem
2. Make a hypothesis
Test your hypothesis or a prediction
that can be tested
4. Analyze your results
5. Draw conclusion
1.
3.
Science is my thing today.
When you do science – here’s the way:
First ask questions – why or how?
Then hypothesize – do it now!
Experimentation is next in line.
You get results that are SO fine!
Analyzing data comes up next.
Then graph your data, to show it best.
Being a scientist – it’s a trip!
It’s not square – it’s really hip!
1.
What are the five steps in the scientific
method?
2.
Define the term hypothesis.
3.
When completing a __________, using
the scientific method becomes helpful.