Question of the Day
Question: What are the 3 ingredients needed to
make a cloud?
Answer: … … …
Wind
What causes wind?
a
difference in air pressure between 2
places
 Moving air  changes in pressure
Wind Map
Changes in Pressure
Sinking
(cold)
Air
Creates
High
Pressure
Rising
(warm)
Air
Creates
Low
Pressure
Air Always Moves from High to
Low Pressure
Gradient =
difference in
pressure
Moving Air is Called Wind!
Global Winds:
 Winds
that blow steadily from specific
directions
 cover long distances
 Stay the same over long periods of time
 Affected by the Earth’s rotation
The Coriolis Effect
• Northern
Hemisphere
 things turn to the
right
• Southern
Hemisphere
 things turn to the
left
Coriolis Effect
Counter- Clockwise
Rotation
Clockwise Rotation
This is The CORIOLIS Effect
This is the CORIOLIS effect
The Coriolis Effect
 This
is true for wind NOT for drains!
 IT IS ALSO TRUE FOR OCEAN
CIRCULATION CALLED GYRES (more
on that next semester).
Types of Global Winds
• Trade Winds
– winds that blow
from 300 North
or South
toward the
equator.
TRADE
WINDS
Types of Global Winds
• Prevailing
Westerlies:
– winds that blow
from West to
East
WESTERLIES
Types of Global Winds
• Polar Easterlies
– Cold global
winds that blow
from East to
West
POLAR
EASTERLIES
Types of Global Winds
• Jet Stream:
– bands of high
speed winds that
are hundreds of
km wide
– Move around the
poles and
subtropics
– Bring clouds and
storms
Local Winds
 blow
over short distances
 caused by unequal heating of Earth’s
surface
 not affected by Coriolis Effect
Types of Local Winds
• Sea Breeze:
Wind that blows
from a lake or
ocean to the land
Types of Local Winds
• Land Breeze:
Wind that blows
from the land
out over a body
of water
p. 621 Understanding Concepts
#1 – 7, 10, 11
p. 621 Understanding Concepts
#1 – 7, 10, 11
1.
Around Los Angles, frequent temperature inversions are the result of
cool, polluted air being trapped by…
a. acid rain
c. a thunderstorm
b. a layer of warm air
d. the ocean
p. 621 Understanding Concepts
#1 – 7, 10, 11
2. The __________ is the process in which the atmosphere traps warming
solar energy near Earth’s surface.
a. summer solstice
c. greenhouse effect
b. Coriolis effect
d. water cycle
3.Almost all the water vapor in the atmosphere is in the …
a. exosphere
c. strasopause
b. ionosphere
d. troposphere
4.The addition of _________ to the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels
for cars, machinery, and power plants may lead to global warming.
a. gasoline
c. oxygen
b. CFCs
d. carbon dioxide
p. 621 Understanding
Concepts
#1 – 7, 10, 11
5. CFC’s, chemicals
that are used as
refrigerants and
propellants in spray
can, are partly to
blame for the reduction
of __________ in the
atmosphere.
a.carbon dioxide
b.oxygen
c.ozone
d. clouds
p. 621 Understanding Concepts
#1 – 7, 10, 11
6. Clouds from when water vapor in the air condenses as …
a. the air is heated
c. snow falls
b. the air is cooled
d. snow forms
7.When air temperature drops, the air’s abilities to contain water vapor is …
a. slightly higher
c. about the same
b. much higher
d. lower
p. 621 Understanding Concepts
#1 – 7, 10, 11
10. ___________ are lines on a
weather map that connect
points of equal pressure.
a. isobars
b. isotherms
c. highs
d. lows
11.When a moving warm air
mass encounters a mountain
range, it…
a. stops moving
b. rises and cools
c. slows and sinks
d. reverses direction