Section 4.5
Ancient Kush
Page: 107
By:
Dylan Sallee (Leader)
Sarah Dill (Writer)
Cecilia Prince (Researcher)
Katelyn Lewis (Techno)
Definitions
• Trade networks-a system of people in
different lands who trade goods.
• Merchants- traders
• Exports-items sent out to other regions
• Imports- items brought in from other
regions
Nubia
• South of Egypt a group of
•
•
•
Africans settled in a land
called Nubia.
This Kingdom was also
known as Kush.
Ancient Nubia was rich in
minerals such as Gold,
Copper, and Stone.
Rain flooded the Nile river
every year.
• Depended on Agriculture.
• Around 2000 BC One
•
leader began to take over
other villages and made
him self the Leader.
This Region was known
as Kush.
Kush and Egypt
• Kush and Egypt were • Relationships
•
•
neighbors.
Sometimes they lived
in Peace and helped
each other posper.
Kush was a major
supplier of Raw
materials and slaves.
•
•
between the two
were not always
peaceful.
Kush grew stronger.
Which lead to Egypt
fearing Kush.
Egypt began to
protect themselves
from attacks.
Kush and Egypt continued
• The Paroah attacked
Nubia which further
ended up with Kush
becoming part of
Egypt.
• After the victory the
Paroah destroyed
Kerma.
A Change in Power
• During the mid
• We know nearly
1000s BC the new
kingdom in Egypt
was ending. As
power of Egypt’s
Pharaoh declined
the Kushite leaders
gained power over •
Kush again. Kush
became independent
once again.
nothing about Kush
from the time the
gained
independence to
200 years later.
Kush was not
described in any
historical records
The Conquest of Egypt
• By around 850 B.C. Kush
• In the 700s BC the Kushite king,
•
•
•
•
•
had regained its power.
It became as strong as it was
before Egypt took power
Because Egypt destroyed
Kerma the kings ruled Napata.
Napata was on the Nile River
about 100 miles southeast of
Kerma.
As Kush grew Egypt
weakened.
• A series of inept pharaohs left
Egypt to open attack.
•
•
•
Kashta, seized on Egypts weakness
and attacked it
After the Death of Kashta, his son,
continued to attack Egypt.
*** The armies attacked Many
cities, Even Egypt’s capital city***
Piankhi fought the Egyptians
because he believed the Gods
wanted him to rule.
By the time he died he
accomplished this. His kingdom
continued from Napata to the
Nile Delta
The Kushite Dynasty and the End
of Kushite Rule in Egypt
• After Piankhi died his
• Kushite dynast stayed
•
•
•
brother Shabaka took
control of the control
Shabaka and later rulers
of his Dynasty thought
they were great heirs of
the great Pharaohs of
Egypt’s Pass
The Kushite rulers Built
new temples to Egyptian
Gods and restore old
ones.
•
strong in Egypt for about
40 years.
In the 670s BC Assyrian
armies from Mesopotamia
invaded Egypt
In only ten years the
Assyrians had driven
Kushites completely out
of Egypt
Later Kush (Kush’s Iron Industry,
and Expansion of Trade)
• The economic center
•
•
of Kush during this
time was in Meroe, the
kingdom’s new capital.
Large Deposits of Gold
could be found nearby,
as could forest of
Ebony and other
woods
In this location
Kushites developed
Africa’s first iron
industry
• In the time Meroe also became
•
•
•
the center of a large Trade
Network (Definition).
Egyptians and Greek merchants
carried goods to ports on the
Mediterranean sea and the Red
Seas and to Sothern Africa
Kush’s exports included gold,
pottery, iron tools, slaves, and
ivory.
In return Kushites received
imports such as Jewelry and
other luxury items from Egypt,
Asia and other lands along the
Mediterranean Sea
Later Kush continued. (Kushite
Culture)
• As Kushite trade grew,
Merchants came into contact
with many other cultures.
• The Kushite’s most obvious
influence was Egypt
• Many elements of Kushite
culture were NOT borrowed
• In addition to Egypt’s Gods,
Kushite people worshipped
there own Gods
• Kushite women were expected
•
•
•
to be active in there socities.
Some Kushite women rose to
authority.
Some served as co-rulers with
there husbands or sons.
A few women ruled the empire
alone.
The Decline of Kush
• Kush gradually declined
•
•
in Power. A problem in
the kingdom weakened
it’s economy.
In addition, iron makers
used up the forest near
Meroe. As wood became
scarce furnaces
shutdown. Kush produced
fewer weapons and trade
goods.
Kush was also weakened
by a loss in trade.
• By the AD 300s Kush had
•
•
lost much of its wealth
and military might.
In about AD 350 the
Akusimite army of King
Ezana destroyed Meroe
and took over Kush.
In the late 300s Kush
became Christian. About
two hundred years later
Nubians also converted.
Do you remember what a Barter is?
A barter was a trader.
Most of Kush’s history had to revolve around
barratry with other countries.
Sources
• World History Book
• http://youtu.be/qgkYEpxAN6I
• http://animoto.com/play/tQuXAUl0pYX9r7
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