http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MF-7uApykM
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Diploma level 1
Know how to produce
components from moulds.
Unit no CC1013K
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• Aim(s) of the lesson
• For students to successfully complete unit CC1013K
• Know how to produce components from moulds.
• Learning objectives
• All students will be able to identify different types of
fibrous tools.
• Students will be able to recognise and name associated
trade tools required for making flood moulds.
• All students will have an understanding of different
materials associated with fibrous plastering.
• Students will take part in a discussion regarding health
& safety
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Fibrous Work
• Fibrous plasterwork is the ornamental,
decorative side of plastering
• The tools you will be using are very different of
those used in traditional plastering
• The plaster used is pure gypsum
• Fibrous plasterwork is made in workshops and
transported to site
• You will need the ability to imagine work in
reverse
• Maths and geometry skills and the ability to
measure accurately
• Fibrous work requires patience and delicate
hands
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Basic operations
• Moulding process – forming of a reverse
shape of an item in solid or flexible material
• Casting – producing the finished product from
a mould
• Casts – can be produced both in casting
plaster (hemi-hydrate class A ) and sand and
cement (ordinary Portland) from flood
moulds.
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Tools required for fibrous plasterwork
Joint rule
Splash brush
Scissors
Busk
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bowl for bench work
Small tool
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Tools required for fibrous plasterwork
Scissors
Joint rule
bowl for bench work
Splash brush
Busk
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Small tool
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Tools for making running moulds
Coping saw
Surform/Rasp
Files
Wood chisel
Tin Snips
Square
Panel or cross pein hammer
Claw hammer
Tenon Saw
Drawing Compass,
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Tools for making running moulds
Coping saw
Surform/Rasp
Files
Wood chisel
Tin Snips
Square
Panel or cross pein hammer
Claw hammer
Tenon Saw
Drawing Compass,
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Equipment for casting mouldings
• Fibrous plasterwork
needs a range of
different items of
equipment.
• Buckets
• Bowls
These should be made of heavy duty
plastic because they will take a lot of
wear. Used for mixing larger amounts of
plaster, carrying water and rubbish.
These are usually made from plastic or rubber, for
easy cleaning after use.
They are used for mixing up small quantities of
plaster and for holding water.
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Fibrous Bench
• Benches
• These should be made to last,
with a strong timber frame,
usually about 3m long and 1m
wide, and will have a topping of
plaster, which makes it easier to
repair holes and damage to the
face of the bench,
• Some benches are covered with
hard-wearing laminate (like a
kitchen worktop)
• The bench must have a true,
straight running rule of timber
or metal on each side for
running out mouldings.
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Plaster used for fibrous work
This is called casting plaster the correct name is
Hemi – hydrate plaster (Class A as specified in BS
1191)
During manufacture three quarters of the water is
driven off using heat.
When mixing the water is added back into the
natural gypsum and is cast as you wish into a
mould.
Dextrene: when made into a solution and added
to the water in which plaster/render (cement
casting) is to be mixed it will both harden and
retard.
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Why does casting plaster become
warm?
• As the plaster sets it becomes warm
therefore making a chemical reaction
• This releases the heat generated during
manufacture, the plaster then cools and then
sets
• Casting plaster is manufactured at different
strengths according to the work carried out.
• The hardness of plasters can be found in the
manufacturers information
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Fine casting plaster is used for most casting needs, running
mouldings and producing plaster casts.
It is also the plaster that is used in fixing and mitring.
It is the most used of all fibrous plasters.
• Fine Casting plaster is probably
the most common general
purpose plaster. It is a "beta"
plaster versatile and
economical its used in
numerous industries. It is light
in weight and easily carved
once set.. Plaster/water ratio:
1.3kg/Litre.
•
Bag size 25Kg.
• Price: £6.73
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•Super fine plaster is a much finer material and is used for detail
work, i.e.
•mouldings, etc. that have delicate shapes and lines. It is also used
with fine plaster when casting.
•For example, the face of the cast would be in super fine (‘firstings’),
and then the fine would be used to back up the casts (‘seconds’).
• Fine Plus Casting Plaster is a
general purpose beta
plaster that has
better working
characteristics than fine
casting. Plaster/water ratio:
1.3kg/Litre.
Made in the UK
Bag size:- 25Kg.
• Price: £7.06
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Crystacast Plaster is a "top of the range" product by
nature of its extreme hardness and density. Used
anywhere that high surface harness is needed.
Plaster/water ratio: 3.57kg/litre
Pack size:- 25kg.
Price: £17.82
• Fibrous plasters also come in
degrees of strength.
• For example, if you are
producing mouldings that are
liable to get damaged, you want
a good hard plaster.
• Similarly, if you have a cast that
may need a bit of work to get it
out of the mould, then a slightly
harder plaster is needed.
• A reverse mould that will have a
lot of casts taken from it may
need a hard face, so again it is
sensible to choose a harder
grade of plaster.
• Manufacturer’s technical
literature will provide
information on the hardness of
plasters
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Rugby Portland
• The original "general
purpose" product, Rugby
Portland is used in
various applications, for
concrete, mortar and
render.
• It is consistent in quality
and performance.
• For general use in
concrete, mortar, render
or screeds
• Compatible with lime and
plasticising admixtures
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Questions
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•
Q. Casting plaster is applied to flood moulds using a :
A.
Q. What type of cement is used for casting from flood moulds is:
A.
Q. Casting is also called a:
A.
Q. Small tools can be used to:
A.
Q. Dextrene is used as:
A.
Q. What is on each side of a casting bench:
A.
• Q. Manufacturer’s technical literature will provide information on
the ..................... of plasters.
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Questions
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Q. Casting plaster is applied to flood moulds using a :
A. Splash brush
Q. What type of cement is used for casting from flood moulds:
A. Ordinary Portland
Q. Casting is also called a:
A. Class A plaster
Q. Small tools can be used to:
A. CLEAN UP CASTS
Q. Dextrene is used as:
A. A hardener
Q. What is on each side of a casting bench:
A. Straight running rule of timber.
• Q. Manufacturer’s technical literature will provide information on
HARDNESS
the .....................
of plasters.
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Hessian/canvas
•
•
•
•
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Jute Scrim
The narrowest of the woven jute
products ideal for panel mouldings
etc as well as general plastering…
Canvas 6" (15cm)
Canvas, 6 inch/150cm wide Jute
open weave. Roll length:- 200mtrs…
Canvas 12" (30cm)
Canvas, jute open weave. 12"/30cm
wide. Roll length:- 200mtr…
Canvas 18" (50cm)
Canvas, 18 inch/50cm wide Jute
open weave. Roll length:- 200mtrs.…
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Reinforcement
• Plasterers Jute Scrim for use in construction of
Ornate Plaster ware to help prevent cracking
out, may also be used to reinforce plaster
based mould support cases. Available in
several widths 3 inch (75mm), 6 inch (150mm)
, 12 inch (300mm) and 36 inch (900mm)
nominal sizes. Hessian. Canvas. Jute
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Methylated Spirit /Shellac Flakes
• Shellac Flakes
• Shellac Flakes are
dissolved in industrial
alcohol or good quality
methylated spirit to make
up shellac sealer. Starting
point formula is 350gm
per litre of spirit.
• Metylated Spirit 5ltr
• Methylated Spirit used for
thinning shellac
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Shellac flakes
• Shellac is a painter’s knotting or button polish
• Plasterers mix it with meths to thin it down
• Shellac is an all-natural resin secreted by the female
lac bug to form a cocoon, on trees in the forests of
India and Thailand
• Shellac is used to seal the surface of the mould and
prevents water from other coats been dried out
• Apply 3 thin coats to the plaster surface to give a
polish
• Shellac is also used on bench surfaces
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Lac (Laccifer Lacca) are scale insects (insects that attach
themselves in great numbers to plants and trees) which drain
the sap from the bark of their host tree, allowing them to
secrete lac resin which is scraped off and manufactured into
shellac. Around 300,000 insects are used to produce 1kg of lac
resin
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Size
• Because casting plaster has a setting time of about 15
minutes, for most casting jobs it would be too quick,
so to slow it down we use size.
• Traditionally plasterers use painter’s glue size that is
put into water to dissolve with a handful of lime.
• The lime is to stop the glue size becoming too stiff,
because size needs to be in a liquid form.
• The liquid material is boiled in a bucket, allowed to
cool and then tested for strength to see how long it
will stop the plaster from setting.
• Glue size is used in casting as a retarder.
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Alum
• This is an accelerator
used in casting.
• Why do you think you
would use this?
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Grease/release agent/Raw Linseed Oil
• Raw Linseed Oil
• Raw Linseed Oil 500ml
Bottle. Has many uses and
works well as a releasing
agent on fibreglass or
sealed plaster moulds.
• (Tallow)
Used to prevent the plaster
from sticking to the bench,
and also helps with the
running of the mould along
the bench.
• Made from animal Fat
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Grease or release agent
• Traditionally made up of tallow (form of animal
fat) mixed with cheap engine oil or meths. The
ingredients are melted together and allowed to
cool. This is applied by brush to grease up
moulds and helps to release the cast.
• Neat tallow can be used when working with
difficult reverse moulds
• Tallow is used when mould running on the
bench to allow easy movement MOULDS
• Raw Linseed Oil is also applied to reverse
moulds to help remove casts
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• These are thin strips of sawn,
rough timber that are usually
about 3 m long and as straight
as possible.
• They are 3 mm thick and 25
mm wide, and are used for
reinforcement and for fixing
the casts.
• Because they are likely to be
very dry, they are best kept
soaked in a long water trough
to stop the water from the
plaster being sucked out and
also to stop the laths from
twisting when they become
wet.
• This movement could twist the
cast and lead to possible
cracking of the face.
• Bearers in moulds are made
from (wood) lath.
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Laths
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2ND SET of Questions
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Q. What is the reinforcement is used in plaster casts:
A.
Q. What is canvas made of:
A.
Q. What material is used for thinning shellac:
A.
Q. What is the name of the bug from which shellac is produced:
A.
Q. Glue size is used in casting as a:
A.
Q. Alum is used in casting as:
A.
Q. What is raw linseed oil used as:
A.
Q. What will tallow prevent and what is it made of:
A.
Q. Bearers in moulds are made from ............ lath.
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2ND SET Questions
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Q. What is the reinforcement is used in plaster casts:
A. Canvas (hessian)
Q. What is canvas made of:
A. Fibre
Q. What material is used for thinning shellac:
A. Metylated Spirit
Q. What is the name of the bug from which shellac is produced:
A. Lac bug (Laccifer Lacca)
Q. Glue size is used in casting as a:
A. Retarder.
Q. Alum is used in casting as:
A. An accelerator
Q. What is raw linseed oil used as:
A. releasing agent (allowing casts to be removed)
Q. What will tallow prevent and what is it made of:
A. Plaster sticking to the bench/ animal Fat
WOOD lath.
Q. Bearers in moulds are made from ............
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RUBBER MOULDS
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJ9lgZ3V
90o
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Material for moulding techniques
Remeltable Vinyl Rubber
• Re-meltable Vinyl Mould
Rubber, often known as
Vinamold or Gelflex .
• This material is used where
the mould is not required for
long service and so can be
reused many times.
• It's main disadvantages are:The pattern or "plug" that is to
be moulded has to be able to
stand the temperature (130
oC) of the rubber. (porous
objects tend to blow bubbles).
• Also it requires a temperature
controlled melting pot
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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
• This is a material made from vinyl resins known to
fibrous plasterers as ‘rubber’, and also called hot melt
compound or HMC.
• It comes in different types of flexible grades, and each
grade is a different colour to make it easier to see the
difference.
• It is melted down in a machine at temperatures
ranging from 120 to 170°C.
• The main problem with PVC is its high temperature,
as this can affect some models: air may be released
from a model which has not been fully sealed, and
these air bubbles will form holes in the rubber that
will produce bumps on the casts from the mould.
• There are two types of rubber moulding HOT & COLD
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Advantages (HMC)
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•
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•
•
Does not lose its flexibility
Less likely to tear
Can be remelted and reused
No mixing of different materials is required
Convenient for one off casts
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Disadvantages (HMC)
• Expensive melting equipment is required
• Materials are dangerous when hot extreme
temperatures
• Toxic fumes
• Your are not guaranteed a good standard of
pour every time
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A mould being poured with cold pour
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Cold pour moulding compound
• A Flexible silicone rubber.
• Stored in sealed metal containers called blast
storage bin
• Its shelf life is about 6 months
• Cold pour consists of 2 chemical materials
that have to be weighed , measured and
mixed. One is liquid form and acts as a
catalyst so the correct hardening and setting
process takes place
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The advantages of cold pour are:
• The mould does not lose its flexibility
• The mould will not easily tear
• No expensive equipment is needed and can be
used on site
• Almost a perfect pour every time if the
preparation is done correctly
• Will reproduce far better details from originals
than PVC
• Many more casts can be made from cold pour
than PVC before it
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The disadvantages of cold pour are:
• Expensive to use because it cannot be cut up
and reused
• You must be able to weigh the materials
accurately and measure out
• Carefully to get the right mix
• Requires special storage because they are
potentially dangerous chemicals.
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Discussion of advantages and
disadvantages
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Making a flood mould
• Flood moulds are flexible and ideal for small
repeated casts
• One gauge casting is used when casting small
items.
• They are made of material known as
rubber(vinyl resins)
• They are also called hot melt compound or HMC
• It comes in different grades and colours
• It is melted down in temperatures of 120 to 170
degrees C
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Method of taking a cast from a flood
mould
• Set up you equipment and materials
• Ensure your mould is clean otherwise this will
create imperfections on the cast.
• Remember casting plaster sets within 15
minutes you need to be organised
• Cut your canvas to size allowing an over lap to
turn inwards
• Cut the laths to size and soak in a trough
• Set up 2 buckets of water one for mixing, one
for washing out
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Firstings
• Put clean water into a mixing bowl
• Add the casting plaster let a few handful just soak in
the mix with you hands
• Using a splash brush apply a thin coat painted to the
surface of the mould
• Next splash the plaster on again using the brush
covering any traces of the mould ensuring the face is
covered
• This mix is called the FIRSTINGS
• Clean the mould edge, never use sharp instruments
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Seconds
The firstings will become shiny, when first applied, then it
will become matt when it is beginning to set
Mix the Seconds apply a thin coat over the cast then put
on the canvas reinforcement lay on the laths and cover
them with canvas also.
These laths are classed as bearers to support the cast and
are made of wood.
The reinforcement in plaster casts is placed in the second
coat.
Brush them over with casting plaster and ensure the laths
and canvas are not proud of the mould. This allows the
mould to sit flat on the surface it is to be mounted on.
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• Next splash on the remaining of the mix to
cover the canvas and laths using the splash
brush this gives an even and lighter cast
• When casting in plaster the two coats are
named firstings and seconds
• Clean around the edges of the mould and
leave to set.
• Clean your tools and area
• Once set and the cast has become hot then
cold you can now release the cast from the
flexible mould
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Skull
• A rubber mould can be
made of this skull and
used many times before
being re-melted.
• Make the skull in our
workshop.
• This flood mould is a
small item and can be
cast in one gauge.
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Cast decorations in
plaster, gypsum or
cement on facades
Cement casting
• There are three methods for
casting in Portland cement:
• 1 Pressed semi-dry casting method
in a rigid reverse piece mould.
• 2 Wet casting method in a rigid
reverse piece mould.
• 3 Wet casting method in a flexible
mould.
• The advantage with the semi-dry
technique is, that it is far and away
the fastest, as a cast takes 20 to 30
minutes.
• When a cement cast is consolidated
this means, it has been made more
dense.
• It is recommended to use ordinary
Portland cement (OPC) for this
purpose
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Wet casting with Portland
Cement in flexible reverse
moulds:
Cement casting
Wet casting
1. Making of a negative casting
flood mould in, rubber.
2. The most common type of flood
mould is open backed, only with
decorations on the three sides plus possibly top and bottom.
3. The casting mass, Portland
Cement, is poured into the
casting mould. Steel
reinforcement and Irons or other
systems for mounting are
fastened in the wet and soft
material.
4 . A wet cast demands a day in the
mould to harden.
5. After the hardening the cast
element is removed carefully
from the casting mould and at
this stage, Cement casts are
cured by immersion in water.
3RD Set of Questions
• Q. The reinforcement in plaster casts is placed in which section of the
procedure:
• A.
• Q. What are the names of the two coats of plaster when casting:
• A.
• Q. The laths, classed as bearers to support the cast and are made of:
• A.
• Q. There are two types of material used for flood moulds:
• A.
• Q. Flood moulds are used because they are:
• A.
• Q. Flood moulds are used to cast:
• A.
• Q. One gauge casting means:
• A.
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3RD Set of Questions
• Q. The reinforcement in plaster casts is placed in which section of the
procedure:
• A. The second coat.
• Q. What are the names of the two coats of plaster when casting:
• A. Firstings and seconds
• Q. The laths, classed as bearers to support the cast and are made of:
• A. Wood.
• Q. There are two types of material used for flood moulds:
• A. Hot and cold moulding material.
• Q. Flood moulds are used because they are:
• A. Flexible
• Q. Flood moulds are used to cast:
• A. Small repeat items
• Q. One gauge casting means:
• A. Casting small items.
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Method of taking a cast from a mould
• Set up your -------------------- and ----------------------• Ensure your mould is ----------------- otherwise this will
create imperfections on the -----------• Remember casting plaster sets within ------ minutes you
need to be organised
• Cut your --------- to size allowing an over lap to turn inwards
• Cut the ------------ to size and soak in a trough
• Set up ----- buckets of water one for ---------, one for
washing out
• Equipment , 2, mixing, cast, materials, laths, 15, clean,
canvas
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• Put clean water into a mixing bowl
• Add the ----------- plaster let a few handfuls just --------- in the mix with you hands
• Using a --------- brush apply a thin coat painted to the
surface of the mould
• Next splash the plaster on again using the ---------covering any traces of the ---------- ensuring the face is
covered
• This mix is called the -----------------.
• Clean the mould edge, never use -------------instruments
• Mould, casting, soak, brush, splash, sharp, Firstlings
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• The --------------------- will become shiny, when first applied,
then it will become ------- when it is beginning to set
Mix the ----------- apply a thin coat over the --------- then put on
the ------------ reinforcement lay on the laths and cover
them with canvas also.
These laths are classed as bearers to support the cast and are
made of wood.
The reinforcement in plaster casts is placed in the second
coat.
Brush them over with casting ------------ and ensure the laths
and canvas are not ------------of the mould. This allows the
mould to sit ----------- on the surface it is to be mounted on.
Matt, flat, firstlings, seconds, canvas, plaster, cast, proud
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• Next splash on the remaining of the mix to
cover the --------- and laths using the splash
brush this gives an even and lighter cast
• Clean around the ---------of the mould and
leave to set.
• Clean your --------- and -------• Once set and the cast has become ----- then
cold you can now ---------------- the cast from
the ------------- mould
flexible, canvas, edges, release, hot ,area, tools
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http://www.teachersdirect.co.uk/resources/quiz
-busters/quiz-bustersgame.aspx?game_id=21786
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FINISH
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Construction
of running
moulds
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Construction of running moulds
• There are a variety of different ways of
constructing running moulds, but we will look
here at the method of constructing a simple
panel mould for running straight and circular
mouldings, and at the running mould required
for forming a cornice reverse running mould.
• This method can be used for constructing most
running moulds: only very small additions are
required for other running moulds.
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Template
 The template of the profile is made
from the zinc or steel sheet.
 The profile shape can be drawn on
paper and glued onto the zinc.
 Cut around the zinc by using a pair of
snips.
 Place the template into a vice and,
using files, file down to the profile
line.
 Always check your lines and do not go
beyond them.
 When you have filed up, a good check
is to lay the profile onto an original
drawing and make sure it matches.
 When you have finished filing the
shape, file off the burr at the back of
the template and, using a piece of
wet and dry paper or nail, remove all
the file marks left on the metal.
 If these file lines are not removed
they will show on your finished
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moulding run.
Construction of
running moulds
• Stock
• This is made from timber, and
supports the soft zinc and stops
it from bending during the
running.
• Lay the profile onto the stock
and draw around it with a
pencil.
• Then redraw a pencil line
following the template outline
back about 5 mm.
• Then, using a saw and a coping
saw, cut the wood out to this
second line.
• The back edge of the stock
should be splayed away; this
can be done with a rasp.
• The splaying away stops the
wood collecting the plaster or
getting in front of the template.
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• Horse or slipper
•
•
•
This is the same height as the stock
but 1½ times the length.
It supports the stock, which is fixed
to it at right angles with nails or a
housing joint.
This slipper will run along the
running rule that is fixed to the
bench.
Horse or slipper
& Hand brace
• Hand brace
•
•
•
•
This is fixed to the horse and slipper
and helps to keep it firm.
Some larger running moulds need
two hand braces.
The furthest point away from the
slipper is called the ‘nib’, and if this
moves too much it will cause
chattering.
•
The mould will need to be braced
against this movement because, the
larger the moulding, the more swell
there will be in the plaster upon
setting.
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Circular running
moulds
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Wad – a piece of canvas
soaked in plaster which
forms an extremely
strong fixing
•
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A circular running mould is used for
forming circular mouldings.
The construction of this mould is very
similar to straight moulds.
In fact, you only slightly change your
straight running mould to produce one.
All you need to do is take a piece of wood
called a gig stick, slightly longer than the
radius of the circle required, and nail it on
top of the stock and hand brace.
Another way of forming this type of mould
is to use an extended stock.
The gig stick or extended stock should
reach from the slipper to beyond the
turning point.
On the underside of the gig stick or
extended stock, a piece of metal (called
the turning eye) should be fixed with a
hole in it about the size of a 50 mm nail at
the radius distance.
This will allow the running mould to
rotate. The gig stick should be in line with
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the template face.
Running out a simple panel mould
 The running out of this type of moulding is the same method as
for the running out of any moulding. It is only the size that
changes.
 1. First repair any damage and hollows in the bench by using
casting plaster and a joint rule. The bench should be slightly
wetted before making good. When the plaster has set and dried
out, give the bench three coats of shellac.
 2. Grease the bench well, including the running rule and running
mould.
 3. Mark with a pencil the length of moulding you need to run out
on the running rule.
 4. Along the run length, put a nail at the highest point of the
template, in the bench.
This is to stop the moulding slipping off as it begins to swell. Use
either a headless nail or one with a small head, over which should
be a piece of clay in the shape of a pyramid to help with easy
release of the plaster from the nail at the finish of the run.
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 5. Now you will need to mix up your plaster. The amount
of plaster you need depends on the size of the moulding.
Put clean water into a bowl and sprinkle plaster into the
bowl until it is just below the surface of the water. Allow it
to soak for a couple of minutes. Grease up your arms and
hands using barrier cream and mix up the plaster making
sure that there are no lumps.
 6. At the bench, pour a small amount of plaster along the
length of the run. Take your running mould and, with the
template facing the direction you are going, stand in front
of it at right angles to the bench.
With your left hand holding the nib and resting on the
bench and your right handholding the hand brace, walk
backwards pulling the running mould.
Your left hand will feed the plaster back into the running
and will push it into the running rule. Your right hand does
the pulling. Hold a bowl at the end of the run for catching
the unused plaster.
This can now be used again and cuts down on waste.
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 7.Repeat the process, adding more plaster each time,
building up to match the profile.
It will be necessary to clean the running mould in
between runs by using a small tool or an old piece of
lath.
 8. When the plaster becomes too old, re-mix another
mix for finishing off. This mix needs to be a bit wetter.
 9. Once you have reached a good quality of finish,
clean down the bench with a joint rule and saw the
plaster to the required length.
If the bench is well greased, the moulding can be slid
across the bench, or use a gauging trowel to slide
along the length of the moulding to release it from
the bench.
The moulding can now be lifted on its edge to the
storage area.
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Running out a simple panel mould
 The running out of this type of ............... is the same method as
for the running out of any moulding. It is only the ..... that
changes.
 1. First repair any damage and hollows in the bench by using
............ ....... and a ........ .... . The bench should be slightly
wetted before making good. When the plaster has set and dried
out, give the bench three coats of ........... .
 2. ............the bench well, including the running rule and running
........... .
 3. Mark with a pencil the length of moulding you need to run out
on the ............. ......
 4. Along the run length, put a ...... at the highest point of the
.............., in the bench.
This is to stop the moulding slipping off as it begins to ......... Use
either a headless nail or one with a small head, over which should
be a piece of ...... in the shape of a ............. to help with easy
release of the plaster from the nail at the finish of the run.
joint rule
moulding
template
running rule
pyramid
swell
mould
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shellac
casting plaster
nail
size
clay
Grease
72
 5. Now you will need to mix up your plaster. The amount of
plaster you need depends on the ....... of the moulding. Put clean
water into a ........ and .............. plaster into the bowl until it is just
below the ............. of the water. Allow it to soak for a couple of
minutes. Grease up your arms and hands using ............ ..........
and mix up the plaster making sure that there are no .......... .
 6. At the bench, ........ a small amount of plaster along the length
of the run. Take your .............. ........... and, with the ...............
facing the direction you are going, stand in ........ of it at right
........... to the bench.
With your left hand holding the .... and resting on the bench and
your right hand holding the hand .......... , walk backwards pulling
the running mould.
Your left hand will ........ the plaster back into the running and will
push it into the .............. ...... . Your right hand does the pulling.
Hold a bowl at the end of the run for .............. the unused plaster.
This can now be used again and ....... down on .......... .
pour
surface
bowl
front
feed
nib
angles running mould
cuts catching
brace ALAN MASON template
running rule
barrier cream
size
lumps
sprinkle
waste
73
 7.Repeat the process, adding more plaster each time,
building up to match the .......... .
It will be necessary to ......... the running mould in
between ........ by using a small tool or an old piece of
lath.
 8. When the plaster becomes too ..... , re-mix another
mix for finishing off. This mix needs to be a bit ......... .
 9. Once you have reached a good ........... of finish,
........ down the bench with a joint ..... .... and saw the
plaster to the required .......... .
If the bench is well ........... , the moulding can be slid
across the bench, or use a ............. trowel to slide
along the length of the moulding to ........... it from
the bench.
The moulding can now be lifted on its ....... to the
............. area.
runs
wetter
clean
profile
quality
joint rule
length
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greased
release
storage
gauging
clean
edge
old
74
The semi-circular cornice section is
run insitu
The ornate centre piece base
is formed
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Making a reverse cornice running mould
Running mould for a
reverse cornice
mould
Back of stock splayed back
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• The construction of
this running mould is
the same as the panel
mould described on
previous slides.
• Note the difference in
the template and the
use of an additional
brace for the cornice
running mould.
76
FINISH
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Internal mitre
Running a reverse mould
The finished
cast taken from
the reverse
mould.
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The ceiling stripped back to the
timber "split lathing"
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