EARTH’S WATER
•
2/3rds of the Earth’s surface is
_______
covered in _______.
water
•
Earth’s aquatic ecosystems contain
more
_____biomass
than its terrestrial
ecosystems.
Why?
Hooray for phytoplankton!
•
Phytoplankton are microscopic
_________
producers which are found in
vast numbers in in the oceans.
•
50 of
They make more than ___%
the Earth’s oxygen
______ gas and form
the foundation of marine
______ food
webs.
DISTRIBUTION OF EARTH’S WATER
•
•
•
97 is salt water
___%
unusable
3 is fresh water (most is frozen and so ________)
___%
<1 of fresh water is available for use
___%
WATER IN LIVING THINGS
66
___%
80
___%
95
___%
human
potato
tomato
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
1) Label your diagram.
sun
clouds
water
vapor
What is water vapor?
plants
land
iceberg
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Water Vapor
•
Water vapor is water
in its gas
___ state.
What is water vapor?
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
1) Label your diagram.
sun
clouds
water
vapor
plants
land
iceberg
What’s an iceberg?
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Icebergs
•
What’s an iceberg?
Where’s the rest of the iceberg?
Icebergs are
large _______
floating
pieces of ice.
Icebergs
•
Most of the iceberg is
below the surface.
______
What’s an iceberg?
Where’s the rest of the iceberg?
Icebergs
•
When it gets colder the
water between the
icebergs freeze creating
land bridges
___________.
FUN!
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
1) Label your diagram.
sun
clouds
water
vapor
plants
land
iceberg
sea, ocean
lake,
river
aquifer
What’s an aquifer?
Aquifers
What’s an aquifer?
•
Aquifers are large underground
reservoirs
fresh water.
________ for _____
Aquifers
What’s can they be used for?
•
•
Aquifers can
be accessed to
wells
make _____.
Aquifers can
be accessed
to make water
_____
______.
pumps
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
water
vapor
plants
evaporation
land
iceberg
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Evaporation
•
Evaporation occurs when water
goes from aliquid
_____ to agas
___ state.
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
water
vapor
plants
evaporation
land
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Melting and Freezing
•
•
solid
Melting converts ____
to _____
liquid water.
What does freezing do?
What does melting do?
liquid
Freezing converts _____
water into solid
____ water.
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
water
vapor
plants
evaporation
land
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Sublimation and Deposition
Does hanging your wet laundry outside in the winter make sense?
What does
deposition do?
•
Deposition converts
gas
water in the ___
state directly into
the ____
solid state.
YES! Due to sublimation, the ice in the clothes will
convert from a solid
____ state directly to the ___
gas state.
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
condensation
water
vapor
plants
evaporation
land
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Condensation
Why can you see your breath in the winter time but not summer?
• Condensation converts water
vapor (___)
gas into visible _____
liquid droplets.
•
This usually occurs when the vapor
is in contact with cold air and the
droplets will be large enough to see.
Explain this...
and this…
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
condensation
water
vapor
plants
evaporation
land
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Transpiration
What is transpiration?
Why is there water
vapor on the inside of
the bag?
•
•
Transpiration is the
______ of water vapor
release
from the surface of
plants.
transpired from
The water _________
condensed
the leaves then it __________
on the inside of the bag.
Transpiration
•
Transpired water
vapor from the trees.
•
Loss of water vapor
leading to less clouds
and rain.
What is creating the clouds?
What would happen if all the trees were cut down?
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
condensation
water
vapor
precipitation
plants
evaporation
land
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
aquifer
lake,
river
Types of Precipitation
Guess the types of precipitation.
snow
rain
hail
sleet
Big Hail!
Types of Precipitation
Guess the types of precipitation.
•
snow
Precipitation occurs when
small water droplets in a
cloud form rain, snow,
sleet and hail which are
heavy enough to fall to
the Earth.
hail
sleet
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
condensation
water
vapor
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
precipitation
plants
evaporation
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
percolation
land
aquifer
lake,
river
Percolation
•
•
Water moves
through
coffee grinds.
Percolation occurs when water
pulled downwards
is being ________________
soil
through the ___.
How would deforestation
effect percolation?
•
Without plant roots, to suck up the water, the speed
of percolation would increase
_______ , leading to the
nutrients from the upper soil layers.
removal of ________
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
condensation
water
vapor
evaporation
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
precipitation
plants
run-off
lake,
river
percolation
land
aquifer
Run-off
•
Soil erosion
•
Water contamination
with agricultural
pollutants
What is run-off?
•
Run-off occurs when excess
_____ rain
water or melt water can’t be
overflows
absorbed by the soil and _________
on the surface or drains into
waterways.
What are negative effects of run-off?
•
Local flooding
THE WATER CYCLE DIAGRAM
sun
clouds
condensation
water
vapor
evaporation
iceberg melting
freezing
sea, ocean
1) Draw arrows.
2) Label arrows
3) Provide definitions
in your chart.
precipitation
plants
run-off
lake,
river
percolation
land
aquifer
Magic School Bus – Water Cycle 1
Magic School Bus – Water Cycle 2
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE
•
GLOBAL WARMING is increasing • This has two effects:
the rate of _______
melting of the polar
more dark areas
1) It creates _________
ice caps, and icebergs.
on the surface of the planet
2007
more heat leading
to absorb _________
to more warming.
White snow and ice reflects
______ light.
absorbs light.
Dark water _______
1979-1981
2) It’s making the oceans
less salty which could
________
change
ocean currents
___________________
leading to drastic climate
change.
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE
•
GLOBAL WARMING is increasing
the rate of _______
melting of the polar
ice caps, and icebergs.
2007
1979-1981
Polar Bears in Danger
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE
•
DEFORESTATION can lead to two outcomes.
1) In drier climates this can lead to
desertification Without __________,
plant roots less
_____________.
water is held in the topsoil and it becomes
dry and blows
away Without trees
___
__________.
transpiration decreases , which decreases
____________________
the amount of water vapor, decreasing
less precipitation
cloud formation causing _______________.
2) In wetter climates this can lead to
soil erosion Without __________
plant roots
__________.
anchor the soil, rain can easily
to ______
wash the soil away. This soil ends
up in waterways leading to the
sedimentation of these areas.
____________
HUMAN IMPACT ON THE WATER CYCLE
•
precipitation
CLIMATE CHANGE is changing global patterns of ___________.
•
Excessive precipitation
floods
creates ______.
Flooding in Sri Lanka - 2011
•
Lack of precipitation
droughts
creates ________.
Record Drought in Horn of Africa - 2011