Quality, Presentation, and Implementing HACCP Culinary Skills Workshop June 2013 Developed by: Objectives 2 Explore quality standards in delivering fresh, appealing foods to students. Review HACCP principles and tools to document and verify your district’s HACCP plan. Objectives 3 Discuss the manager’s role to ensure that safe, quality meals are provided to students. Manager’s Role Oversee Program Identify Training Needs Monitor Compliance Evaluate Maintain Documentation 4 What does “quality” mean to you? 5 EVALUATION FACTORS 6 Appearance How the food should look Texture or Consistency How the food should feel in the mouth and how it cuts Flavor How the food tastes Service Temperature The ideal temperature for serving the food Product Quality Factors During Production Standardized recipes Production equipment Production schedules Sanitation practices Food production handling techniques 7 Eight Keys to Success Purchasing Receiving and Storage Proper Handling Preparation and Cooking Eight Keys to Success Serving Line Presentation Proper Handling Marketing Purchasing Commodity dollars What to process – Who to process with – Frozen vs. canned vegetables Purchase from HACCP certified vendors Receiving and Storage Check temperatures immediately Check dating Check for any signs of damage Receiving and Storage Store products appropriately Practice FIFO Proper Handling Practice proper techniques for thawing according to Serve Safe In refrigeration at or below 41° – Running water at or below 70° – Preparation and Cooking For all raw items follow guideline set forth by Serve Safe Processed items follow the manufacturer’s instructions Preparation and Cooking Develop standards for batch cooking Ensure ovens are properly calibrated Enforce use of recipes – Standardized recipes Proper Holding Serve – – – Minimum temperature of 140° Hot wells controls Holding cabinets Serve – hot foods hot cold foods cold Maximum temperature 41° Serving Proper serving utensils Storage and food – Heat resistant handles – Minimize bare hand contact – Serving Proper personal hygiene – – No dangle earrings, fake fingernails, polish, rings Proper hand washing Polite and courteous service Line Presentation Signage All items should be labeled – Clean easy to read menu boards with pricing – Line Presentation Use garnishes when possible elevators – risers – Keep serving line clean and free from debris Marketing Utilize promotions To create excitement – To boost participation when needed – Enhance awareness of the Child Nutrition Department – Marketing Solicit involvement from brokers and manufacturers Communicate upcoming special events Actions to Ensure Quality 23 Plan food production for just-intime service. Review the recipe and organize equipment and ingredients before beginning production. Always use the correct culinary technique. Deliver only the products that meet quality standards. Food Presentation 24 Objectives Identify key elements of food presentation. Evaluate the atmosphere of the cafeteria serving line. 25 The Serving Line How does the line look? The entire serving area should look nice and appealing, not just the food. 26 The Serving Line Use pans that fit properly into steam table wells. Use appropriate serving tools and utensils 27 5 Key Elements of Presentation COLOR Shape 28 Colorful Serving Line 29 Colorful Serving Line 30 Colorful Serving Line 31 Color 32 Color: Preparation Techniques 33 Texture 34 Texture Names 35 Grilled Chicken Strips Mild Mozzarella Cheese Crisp Mixed Greens Hearty Red Kidney Beans Creamy Dressing Crunchy Baby Carrots Tender Corn Ripe Green Tip Banana Crusty Whole Wheat Roll Cold Chocolate Milk Shapes: Food Variety 36 Shapes: Food Variety 37 Shapes: Food Variety 38 Simplicity 39 Height 40 Self-Serve Packaging 41 Balance 42 Presentation must be balanced through the selection of food by choosing complementary flavors, seasonings, and food groups. Food should be prepared using different but complementary cooking methods and arranging it in an appetizing presentation. Flow 43 The focal point is the necessary starting point from which the flow should begin. The sense of flow will be stronger with an interesting set up. The customer should be led down the line by pleasant displays of food choices. Atmosphere 44 The atmosphere of the serving area and dining area influence customer participation. Take a Look at the Cafeteria 45 Is it well lit? Is the food inviting? Is there adequate room to sit? Do you have a smile on your face? Are the decorations cheerful? Do you show attention to detail? Are customers happy when they enter the cafeteria? Take a Look Cont’d. 46 Is signage posted at or near the beginning of the serving line identify components of the reimbursable meal? Does the serving line move quickly and continuously? Is the temperature of the room comfortable? Does your cafeteria convey a positive atmosphere? Why Implement HACCP? To ensure that the food served to children is as safe as possible. Federal regulations require schools to have a HACCP Plan. 47 What is HACCP? A food safety system that focuses on food. 48 What is HACCP? H A C C P 49 hazard analysis critical control points Hazard Analysis Identification of hazards than can contaminate food. 50 Hazards Physical Chemical Biological 51 Critical Control Points Control hazards through critical control points. Essential step in the food flow to prevent, eliminate or reduce a food safety hazard. 52 Example Hamburger might have harmful bacteria E.Coli. Cooking to a hot enough temperature will kill the bacteria. CCP is the cooking step. 53 Seven Principles 1. Identify Hazards 2. Identify Critical Control Points 3. Establish Critical Limits 4. Establish Monitoring Procedures 54 Seven Principles 5. Establish Corrective Actions 6. Establish Verification Procedures 7. Establish Record-Keeping Procedures 55 Advantages of HACCP Improve control of food processes. Help comply with government regulations. 56 Advantages of HACCP Provide continuous selfinspection and self improvement. Help with complaints and legal action. 57 Why do you need to know about food safety? Foodborne illness occurs when a person becomes ill from eating food that contains a biological, chemical, or physical hazard. 58 Why do you need to know about food safety? Foodborne outbreak occurs when 2 or more people experience the same illness after eating the same food. 59 Why Risk It? Developed by: The Costs to Your District are Great Financial Sick loss customers Reputation Lawsuits 61 Actions Contributing to Foodborne Illnesses 62 Holding food too long in temperature zone (41oF to 135oF). Not heating or cooking to proper temperature. Not cooling properly (to 70oF or lower within 2 hours, and from 70oF to 41oF within 4 hours). Actions Contributing to Foodborne Illnesses Not reheating properly (to at least 165oF for 15 seconds within 2 hours). Poor personal hygiene. Cross-contaminating food. 63 The Process Approach HACCP principles are built into the Process Approach. 64 Food Process Categories 1. 2. 3. 65 No Cook Process Same Day Service Process Complex Food Process Temperature Danger Zone Identify the number of times each menu item goes up (heating) or comes down (cooling) through the danger zone (41 ºF to 135 ºF) 66 Control Point Where a hazard can be controlled in the flow of food CP 67 Critical Control Point Essential step to prevent, eliminate, or reduce a hazard to an acceptable level. CCP 68 Control Points CPs include: Reheating Serving Preparing Cooking Receiving 69 Cooling Holding Storing CCPs – Example CCPs for raw hamburger patties in a full-service kitchen (hazard is harmful bacteria) 70 Receiving- not CCP Storing- not CCP Preparing- not CCP Cooking- CCP Holding – CCP Serving – not CCP Process # 1 No Cook Preparation Measure to assure safety of foods: Employee health policy Proper receiving and storage procedures 71 Process # 1 No Cook Preparation Measure to assure safety of foods continued: Temperature control Handwashing 72 NO COOK Process Flow Three-Bean Salad, Full-Service Kitchen Canned ------Liquid/Dry---------Receive----------Fresh Vegetables Beans Ingredients Dry (on shelf)-----------------------Store-----------Refrigerator Refrigerator (day before prep) Drain beans---Mix liquid/dry----Prepare-------Chop and add Hold (in refrigerator) Serve (cold) 73 Process # 2 Same Day Service Preparation Measure to assure safety of foods: Temperature control Cooking foods Handwashing 74 Process # 2 Same Day Service Preparation Measure to assure safety of foods continued: Employee health policy Proper receiving and storage procedures 75 SAME DAY SERVICE Process Flow - Example Oven Fried Chicken, Full-Service Kitchen Frozen Chicken------------Receive---------Dry/Liquid Ingredients Freezer----------------------Store----------------------Dry (on shelf) Thaw in refrigerator-----Prepare------1. Drizzle oil over chicken 2. Dip chicken in seasoning bread Cook Hold (hot) Serve (hot) 76 Process # 3 Complex Food Preparation Measure to assure safety of foods: Temperature control Cooking foods Cooling foods Reheating foods 77 Process # 3 Complex Food Preparation Measure to assure safety of foods continued: Handwashing Employee health policy Proper receiving and storage procedures 78 COMPLEX Process Flow Chili Con Carne, Full Service Kitchen Raw Ground Beef--------Receive------Fresh---------Canned-----------Dry Vegetables Vegetables Ingredients Freezer--------------------Store------Refrigerator---------Dry (on shelf) 1. Thaw in Refrigerator-----Prepare---------Chop------Add to Ground Beef 2. Brown Ground Beef and Drain Cook 79 COMPLEX Process Flow Chili Con Carne, Full Service Kitchen (con’t) Cool/store Reheat Hold (hot) Serve (hot) 80 Critical Limits Upper boundary of safety. Time and temperature. Ex.- baked chicken cooked to internal 165° for at least 15 seconds. 81 Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) SOPs will describe how to handle foods identified by each process. SOPs will instruct personnel on proper food safety procedures at every stage of food preparation and service. 82 Monitoring Monitor to make sure food safety practices are done properly. Who will monitor – How – When – 83 Corrective Action Recognize when there is a problem. Have a plan for corrections. Train employees. Document. 84 Verification Procedures Frequency Documentation Weekly 85 checklist Recordkeeping Compliance Actions taken Documents that you are serving safe food each day 86 REMEMBER If it has not been documented, it has not been done! 87 Records District HACCP Plan Employee training logs SOPs Monitoring logs Corrective actions Calibration logs Receiving logs 88 Health Inspections HACCP Plan review Monitoring logs Calibration logs Weekly checklists 89 Success of Your Food Safety Program Provide on-going training. Review food safety principles including SOPs on a regular basis. Require employees to attend food safety training. 90 Success of Your Food Safety Program, continued Maintain training and attendance records. Hold school nutrition managers responsible for maintaining employee training standards. 91 “In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture policy, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis or race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability. To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 or (202) 720-6382 (TTY). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.” Our services are provided through the Texas Department of Agriculture’s Food and Nutrition programs funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food & Nutrition Service 92