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Translation: A Practical Course
Min CHEN
Chongqing University of Posts and
Telecommunications
Teaching plan
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Week 1– a brief introduction of the course.
Week 2–
1) Introduction to the course.
2) Group division.
3) Translation of names, slogans.
4) Introduction to some theories and
standards of translation +examples +
exercises.
Course requirement
 Regular attendance
 Active involvement
 After-class practice
 A pen and a notebook with you
Evaluation
 Regular attendance: 10%
 In-classroom performance + presentation:
30%
 Final exam: 60%
Group division
 1 Six people in a group.
 2 They share something in common or are the
same or similar major.
 3 Members in the same group choose their leader.
 4 Each group will have a Chinese name and
translate it into English,or vice versa.
 5 Each group will have a motto and translate it
into English ,or vice versa.
Examples of names and mottos
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Coca Cola-- 可口可乐
Pepsi-cola– 百事可乐
(皮斯克勒;屁事可乐– 雷颐—from 杨全红,183)
Wal-Mart Stores 沃尔玛商店 美国 零售
General Motors 通用汽车
Intl. Business Machines 国际商用机器
Pinyin:
长虹集团 -- Gujing Group
北京市云柏商贸有限公司-- Beijing Yunbai Commerce Co.,
Ltd
Direct translation:
安徽海螺集团-- Anhui Conch Group
 广州紫云山高尔夫乡村俱乐部有限公司-- Guangzhou
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Purple Clouds Golf Country Club Co., Ltd
Translation of meaning:
中国乐凯胶片集团公司-- China Lucky Film Group
Corporation
华林证券有限责任公司-- Chinalion Securities Co., Ltd
Translation of similar sound:
广州立白企业集团有限公司-- Guangzhou Liby
Enterprise Co., Ltd.,
海尔集团公司--Haier Group Company
Abbreviation:
TCL集团股份有限公司--TCL Corporation
(source:
http://www.sasac.gov.cn/n1180/n2429527/n2437875/7
414915.html)
 Good to the last drop. 滴滴香浓,意犹未尽。(麦斯威尔
咖啡)
Obey your thirst. 服从你的渴望。(雪碧)
The new digital era. 数码新时代。(索尼影碟机)
We lead. Others copy. 我们领先,他人仿效。(理光复
印机)
Impossible made possible. 使不可能变为可能。(佳能打
印机)
 Take time to indulge. 尽情享受吧!(雀巢冰激凌)
The relentless pursuit of perfection. 不懈追求完美。
(凌志轿车)
Poetry in motion, dancing close to me. 动态的诗,
向我舞近。(丰田汽车)
 To me, the past is black and white, but the future is
always colorful.
对我而言,过去平淡无奇;而未来,却是绚烂缤纷。
(轩尼诗酒)
[source:http://www.tianya.cn/techforum/Content/242/1891.s
html]
 新北京 新奥运– New Beijing Great Olympics
 同一个世界 同一个梦想– One World One Dream
 桂林山水甲天下– East or west, Guilin landscape is best.
(home) [ source: 《高级翻译十二讲》--杨全红138-142]
Exercise: names & slogans
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U.S. Postal Service
Carrefour
Credit Suisse
Merrill Lynch
Metro
Compaq Computer
中国建设银行
 中国石化
 美国邮政总局
 家乐福
 瑞士信贷集团
 美林 (美国 证券经纪)
 麦德龙
 康柏电脑
 China Construction
Bank
 Sinopec
 中粮集团
 COFCO (China Oil &
Foodstuffs Corporation
A business in millions, a profit in pennies.
 Reliably solid, solidly reliable.
 Better late than the late (for traffic warning-Better late than never).
 *************
 百万生意 毫厘利润。
 安如磐石,磐石之安。
 迟到总比丧命好。(晚来总比不来好 。“the late”-“the dead” )
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一切皆有可能。(李宁服饰)
您的又一选择。(上海桑塔纳旅行轿车)
把春天带给您。(惠尔春口服液)
不求今日拥有,但求天长地久。(青岛牌电视)
中华啤酒,确实不错!(中华啤酒)
*************
Anything is possible.
Your another choice.
Bring spring to you.
Choose once and choose for good.
Zhonghua Beer,I m really impressed!
Theories of translation
1 我国翻译标准研究的历史和现状
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林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美”
梁实秋的“宁错务顺”
鲁迅的“宁信不顺”
瞿秋白的“信顺统一”
傅雷的“神似”
钱钟书的“化境”
“信、达、切”
“达意、传神、文采”
“准确、通顺、易懂”
“忠实于原作,译文明白晓畅”
“准确、流畅”,“信、顺”
2 国外的翻译标准研究
 “泰特勒( 英)三原则” :
 1)译文应完全复写出原作的思想;
 2)译文的风格和笔调应与原文的性质相同;
 3)译文应和原作同样流畅。
 费道罗夫(俄)的“等值论”
 奈达(美)的“动态对等”和“功能对等”
 纽马克(英)的“文本中心”论
 3 To sum up:信达雅(faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance)
 即:(1)用词准确,译文完整;(2)行文通顺,条理清楚;(3)文字优
美(文学作品)或符合不同语篇的文体特点,符合译语习惯表达方
式(其他实用文体)。
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A good translation is one which the merit of the original work is
so completely transfused into another language as to be as
distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the
country to which that language belongs as it is by those who
speak the language of the original work.
 好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言,以使译人
语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受,如同使用原作语
言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。(泰特勒,1790)
Examples of faithfulness,
expressiveness, elegance
 1 Faithfulness
 保俶塔
 Tower of Blessing the uncle
 Tower of Blessing King Shu (越王钱俶)(吴杨才)
 The date of receipt issued by transportation department
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concerned shall be regarded as the delivery of goods.
由有关的运输机构所开具收据的日期即被视为交货日期。
Revision:由承运的运输机构所开具收据的
日期即被视为交货日期。(吴蓉花)
In the AND circuit, “1”signals on all inputs give an “1” output;
output is “0”, if all inputs are not “1”.
 在“与”电路中,若所有输入端为“1”信号,则输出“1”;若所有
输入不是“1”,则输出“0”。
 Revision:在“与”电路中,若所有输入端为“1”信号,则输出
“1”;若输入不全为“1”,则输出“0”。(all…not 部分否定)
(马丽华等)
 Jane does not work hard because she wants to earn
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money.
因为简想赚钱,所以才不下力。
The president stand there, hat in hand, begging
congress for their votes.
总统站在那里手里拿着礼帽,乞求国会投他的票。
Revision:总统立在那里,毕恭毕敬地请求国会议员投赞成
票。
Revision:简不是因为想赚钱才下力干的。
忠实还指保持原作风格——即原作的民族风格、时代风格、
语体风格、作者个人的语言风格等。
I’m up to my neck in your bullshit(胡说).
你让我倒TMD八辈子邪霉了。
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2 Expressiveness
他(听到这话)心里一跳,脸色也变了。
At this his heart jumped and the colour of his face changed.
Revision: At this his heart missed a beat and he became
pale. (吕瑞昌)
 With transistors this equipment can be made much smaller
and more lovely.
 有了晶体管,这种设备可以制造得更加小和更加可爱了。
 Revision:有了晶体管,这种设备可以制造得更加小巧玲珑。
(李霞)
 Pindus Road was a long, wide, straight street that
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ran parallel with Bread Road.
原译:平得斯路是一条与布莱德路平行的、长长的、宽
宽的、笔直的大街。
推荐译文:平得斯路与布莱德路平行,是一条又长又宽
又直的大街。
She not only laughs a lot but has a heart of gold.
原译:她不仅仅常常大笑,而且还有一颗黄金之心。
推荐译文:她不仅笑口常开,而且还有一颗金子般的心。
忠实与通顺相辅相成。忠实而不通顺,读者看不懂,失
去了翻译的意义;通顺而不忠实,脱离了原文的内容和
风格,翻译成了无益之举,译如不译。我们反对信而不
顺或顺而不信,我们主张既信且顺。
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3 Elegance
三潭映月
Three Pools Reflecting the Moon; The Moon in three Pools
Revision: Three Pools Mirroring the Moon(朱歧新)
 Hugo – “雨果” (“嚣俄”)(黄维樑-from杨全红p179)
 Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of US.Their
 shadows slept,or almost slept,upon the water,the gentle quivering
alone showing that it was not complete sleep,or if sleep,that it was
sleep with dreams.——from The Deliverance of Mark Rutherford by
William H.White
 眼前不远,渔舟三五,凝滞不前,樯影斜映水上,仿佛睡
 去,偶尔微渐颤动,似又未尝睡着,恍若惊梦。(一高健译)
 This Contract is made by and between the Buyers and the
Sellers; whereby(凭此) the Buyers agree to buy and
Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned goods on the
terms and conditions stated below.
 这个合同在买的一方和卖的一方签订,凭此买的一方同意买、
卖的一方同意卖出下列货物,并按照下列陈述的条款方式进
行。
 Revision:兹经买卖双方同意,由买方购进、卖方售出下列
货物,并按下列条款签订本合同。(翁凤翔)
Exercise- faithfulness,
expressiveness, elegance
1)我们都非常喜欢使用电脑。
2)环境正变得越来越糟糕。
3) 你明天找个时间和她谈谈。
*******
1)We all like to use computers very much.
2)The environment is becoming worse (and worse).
3)You may talk with her when you are free
tomorrow.(Chinglish: You may find a time to talk
with her tomorrow.)
4) 对事如此,对人更是如此,有了闲隙,就有
了兼容性,就有可能达到常人不及的境界。
*******
4) It’s right to deal with things as such
and right all the more to deal with
people. Where there is leisure in busy
life, there would be compatibility, and
possibility for us to reach a spiritual
realm inaccessible to common people.
( To the matter so, to the human too, had
the idle crack, had the compatibility, has
the possibility to achieve the average
man cannot achieve boundary.)
5) Can you answer a question which I
want to ask and which is puzzling me?
*******
5)我有一个问题弄不懂,想请教你,你能回
答吗?
(a tone of translation:你能回答一个使我
弄不懂而又想问你的问题吗?)
 6)Force Majeure. The failure or delay of either
Party to perform any obligation under this
Agreement (except for the payment obligations)
solely because of Force Majeure shall not be
deemed to be a breach of this Agreement so long
as the Party so prevented from complying with this
Agreement shall not have contributed to such
Force Majeure, shall have used all reasonable
efforts to avoid such Force Majeure or to
ameliorate its effects, and shall continue to take all
actions within its power to comply as fully as
possible with the terms of this Agreement.
 6)不可抗力。倘若仅因为不可抗力而导致任何一方未
能或延迟履行其本协议中的义务(除付款义务者外),
则不得被视为违反本协议,惟有被阻止履行本协议义务
的一方不得有助于该不可抗力,已经竭尽全力规避该不
可抗力或使情况好转,及采取各种措施尽可能地履行本
协议条款。
The problems
 Misunderstanding of the source text
 Complex structures
 Unfamiliar words
 Differences of structures between the
source and target languages
 Improper expressions in the target language
The solutions
 Translation skills
 Translation practice
 Reference books:
 《词语翻译丛谈续编》,陈忠诚 吴幼娟著,中国对外翻译出版公司,
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2000年
《翻译变体研究》黄忠廉著,中国对外翻译出版公司,2000年
《汉英实文翻译》贾文波著,中国对外翻译出版公司,2001年
《应用翻译功能论》,贾文波著,中国对外翻译出版公司,2004年
《英译汉名篇赏析》,李亚丹主编,湖北教育出版社,2000年
《文体与翻译》,刘宓庆著,中国对外翻译出版公司,2003年
《科技英语翻译理论与技巧》,符之,中国农业机械出版社,1983
《英汉互译实践与技巧》,许建平,清华大学出版社,2001
《当代研究生英语翻译教程》,郭浩儒,外语教学与研究出版社,2002
《汉英科技翻译》,严俊仁,国防工业出版社,2004
《英汉翻译教程》. 张培基等编著.上海:上海外语教育出社版,2007
《实用翻译》.翁凤翔编著. 浙江大学出版社, 2002
 All things are difficult before they are easy.
 凡事必先难后易。
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