MIS 2000 Information Systems for Management
Instructor: Bob Travica
Class 21
Systems Adoption Process
Updated 2015
Outline
• Concept of Systems Adoption
• Factors of Systems Adoption
• Speed of Systems Adoption
• New System vs. Old Organization
• Management of IS Adoption
• Process/Change Management Process
• Summary
2
Concept of Systems Adoption/Acceptance (SA)
•
•
SA is one of core IS issues.
Definition: SA is a process of translating an IS into the
regular use.
•
Focus is on IS users, especially primary users.
•
Often, adopting a system runs in parallel with adopting
new processes (PPC case). This complicates adoption.
3
Factors of Systems adoption
• Rogers (1962, 1983); check Note for
explanation. *
Complexity
(ease of use)
Relative
Advantage
(usefulness)
+
New IS
Adoption
+
+/-
Visibility
+
Trialability
Compatibility
4
Adoption Process
Rogers looks at adoption as a process of innovation
diffusion, which involves a communication channel, time,
and members of a social system (organization, group).
Five steps in adoption process: *
Get aware
Evaluate/
Decide
Interest
Yes
Evaluation
positive?
No
Confirm
Trial
Implement
Yes
Satisfied?
No
Reject
5
The S-Curve of Innovation Adoption – Various Technologies
Look for the inflection point where the curve start to climb diffusion expands.
6
How People Adopt Innovations
(New IS)
Usually, a half of people belong to earlier and a half to later
adopters. Fine grained grouping shows that very early and very
late adopters also balance each other.
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New System vs. Old System/Processes: 3 Scenarios
Different groups in organizations react differently to new IS and business
processes. Groups may collide with new IS/processes and block them, or
accept them accept which are good for some groups but less so for others.
Current
organization
2. Partial Adoption
• One user group adopts IS,
3. Failed Adoption
• Target user group
rejects IS
• Case of Electronic Medical
Record Systems
another does not
• Case of Financial Information
System
New IS, new/old proc.
1. Adoption
• Case of American city administration:
Adoption of computers by administrators;
Old processes made electronic unchanged
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Adoption
Current
organization
New IS, new/old proc.
• New IS developed so that old processes are put in
electronic form. Consequently, organization did not
change with IS adoption.
• Case of American city administration: Adoption of
computers by administrators. Old processes made
electronic but unchanged.
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Partial Adoption
Current
organization
In FIS case, corporate accountants influenced decisions on IS
design and accounting rules, which undermined the position of
department accountants. FIS pushed on all accountants and
changed accounting practices, but department accountants
resisted opposed it.
MIS 2000 Management Information Systems
Failed Adoption
Current
organization
EMRS and new processes in three Quebec hospitals
were rejected by doctors who became primary users.
Investment in new IS did not pay back and the old
organization had persisted.
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Managing IS Adoption – Change Management Process
Critical period
u
s
e
r
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
Get
aware
Evaluate/
Decide
Interest
Repeat until end of
critical period
Promote +
Give access
to IS
Manage
Maintenance
Block
opposition
Motivate +
Train for IS
& process
Stimulate
adoption
Implement
Assess
adoption rate
& users
satisfaction
Facilitate
org. learning
Celebrate
achievements
Confirm
Assess
C/B
of IS
End of
critical period
• The Rogers adoption process mapped into adoption management.
• Management activities should ease system adoption.
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Summary
•
SA is a process of translating an IS into routine use. Usually coupled with adopting new
processes.
•
•
Factors of systems adoption are complexity/ease of use, relative advantage,
compatibility, trialability, and visibility.
•
Adoption process consists of steps an individual goes through awareness, interest,
evaluation/decision, implementation, and confirmation (the last 2 if decision is to accept IS).
•
Adoption of any innovation follows an S-curve showing adopter percentage over time. For
managing adoption, the point at which adoption starts shooting up matters. In any population
of adopters, 50% are early and 50% late adopters.
•
IS adoption is influenced organizational groups with different interests. 3 scenarios:
adoption, adoption, and rejection.
•
Managing system adoption (change management) involves supporting users in their adoption
by promoting a system, making it available for trial, motivating, training, stimulating early
adopters, assessing user satisfaction and adoption rates, managing maintenance, blocking
opposition, facilitating org. learning, and celebrating achievements resulting from system
adoption.
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