VE 01
え form
え？ You can do that
many things with えform?
What is えform?
Index
• What is え form?
• When do you use え form?
• How do you make え form?
Questions
What is え form?
え form is just one of the verb forms when verb endings
change あ－い－う－え－お.
For example, a verb かきます(to write) can change:
かかない
not write
かきます
write
かく
write
かけます
can write
かこう
let‘s write
Noticed how the Hiragana after か(verb stem) changes
か－き－く－け－こ? Many verbs change their stems
あ－い－う－え－お.
So, which one is え form? Obviously the one in えline
(け、せ、て、ね、へ、め、れ)!
When do you use え form?
え form is used in three ways. Meaning change depending on
what follows the verb in え form.
Potential/Ability
かえます。 I can buy.
よめます。 I can read.
Conditional
かえば、 If I buy,
よめば、 If I read,
Strong order
かえ！ Buy it!
よめ！ Read it!
How do you make え form?
Making a verb in えform is easy. First, have the verb in ます
form. For example,
みます
かきます
よみます
たべます
Check if the verb is in Group 1, Group 2 or Irregular. To do this,
take off the ます and see with what Hiragana the verb ends.
みます
かきます
よみます
たべます
If there is only ONE Hiragana left (e.g. みます、ねます、でます),
then the verb is a Group 2 verb.
Otherwise, the last Hiragana of the verb (one in red) tells you
which Group the verb belongs to. It belongs to…
How do you make え form?
Group 1
Group 2
if the Hiragana is in い line (-i).
For example,
いi、きki、しshi、みmi、りri.
if the Hiragana is in え line (-e).
For example,
れre、べbe、せse、けke.
Group 1 verbs
かいます buy
ききます listen
のみます drink
のります ride
Group 2 verbs
わすれます forget
たべます eat
のせます put on
あけます open
Irregular
しますdo/play & きますcome are
Irregular verbs. All the time.
EXCEPTIONS!
These verbs are –iます
but still in Group 2.
できますcan do
おきますget up
しんじますbelieve
How do you make え form?
Now, back to making えform.
Group 1
W
R
Y
M
H
N
T
S
K
Bring the last Hiragana down to
え line (-e) in the Hiragana chart.
For example,
い→え、き→け、し→せ、み→め.
わ
ら
や
ま
は
な
た
さ
か
あ
a
み
ひ
に
ち
し
き
い
I
↓
む
↓
ふ
↓ ↓
ぬ
つ
↓
す
↓
く
↓
う
↓
u
め
へ
ね
て
せ
け
え
e
も
ほ
の
と
そ
こ
お
o
り
↓
ん
↓
る
↓
ゆ
れ
Group 1 verbs in えform
かいます → かえ
ききます → きけ
のみます → のめ
のります → のれ
を
ろ
よ
How do you make え form?
Group 2
Stay as it is.
Group 2 verbs in えform
わすれます → わすれ
たべます → たべ
のせます → のせ
あけます → あけ
みます → み
ねます → ね
でます → で
Irregular
しますdo/play & きますcome
します
きます
Potential (can)
できます
こられます
Conditional (if)
すれば
くれば
Strong order (do it!)
しろ！
こい！
Questions
Verbs in え form usually
end with which sound?
Give some examples.
え(-e) sound
e.g. け、せ、ね、れ、め・・・
Which three meanings is
え form used to express?
Potential/Ability (can)
Conditional (if)
Strong Order (Do it!)
When making a verb into
え form, what do you need
to consider first? How do
you find it out?
Which group the verb falls into.
Group 2 if
• only one Hiragana in front of ます.
• -eます
Group 1 if
• -iます
Irregular if します or きます(come)
Questions
What is its え form?
かいます
かえ
たべます
たべ
たちます
たて
わすれます
わすれ
のります
のれ
あけます
あけ
のみます
のめ
ききます
きけ
みます
み
かきます
かけ
でます
で
はなします
はなせ
ねます
ね
いきますgo いけ