え form - kurisensei

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VE 01
え form
え? You can do that
many things with えform?
What is えform?
Index
• What is え form?
• When do you use え form?
• How do you make え form?
Questions
What is え form?
え form is just one of the verb forms when verb endings
change あ-い-う-え-お.
For example, a verb かきます(to write) can change:
かかない
not write
かきます
write
かく
write
かけます
can write
かこう
let‘s write
Noticed how the Hiragana after か(verb stem) changes
か-き-く-け-こ? Many verbs change their stems
あ-い-う-え-お.
So, which one is え form? Obviously the one in えline
(け、せ、て、ね、へ、め、れ)!
When do you use え form?
え form is used in three ways. Meaning change depending on
what follows the verb in え form.
Potential/Ability
かえます。 I can buy.
よめます。 I can read.
Conditional
かえば、 If I buy,
よめば、 If I read,
Strong order
かえ! Buy it!
よめ! Read it!
How do you make え form?
Making a verb in えform is easy. First, have the verb in ます
form. For example,
みます
かきます
よみます
たべます
Check if the verb is in Group 1, Group 2 or Irregular. To do this,
take off the ます and see with what Hiragana the verb ends.
みます
かきます
よみます
たべます
If there is only ONE Hiragana left (e.g. みます、ねます、でます),
then the verb is a Group 2 verb.
Otherwise, the last Hiragana of the verb (one in red) tells you
which Group the verb belongs to. It belongs to…
How do you make え form?
Group 1
Group 2
if the Hiragana is in い line (-i).
For example,
いi、きki、しshi、みmi、りri.
if the Hiragana is in え line (-e).
For example,
れre、べbe、せse、けke.
Group 1 verbs
かいます buy
ききます listen
のみます drink
のります ride
Group 2 verbs
わすれます forget
たべます eat
のせます put on
あけます open
Irregular
しますdo/play & きますcome are
Irregular verbs. All the time.
EXCEPTIONS!
These verbs are –iます
but still in Group 2.
できますcan do
おきますget up
しんじますbelieve
How do you make え form?
Now, back to making えform.
Group 1
W
R
Y
M
H
N
T
S
K
Bring the last Hiragana down to
え line (-e) in the Hiragana chart.
For example,
い→え、き→け、し→せ、み→め.
わ
ら
や
ま
は
な
た
さ
か
あ
a
み
ひ
に
ち
し
き
い
I
↓
む
↓
ふ
↓ ↓
ぬ
つ
↓
す
↓
く
↓
う
↓
u
め
へ
ね
て
せ
け
え
e
も
ほ
の
と
そ
こ
お
o
り
↓
ん
↓
る
↓
ゆ
れ
Group 1 verbs in えform
かいます → かえ
ききます → きけ
のみます → のめ
のります → のれ
を
ろ
よ
How do you make え form?
Group 2
Stay as it is.
Group 2 verbs in えform
わすれます → わすれ
たべます → たべ
のせます → のせ
あけます → あけ
みます → み
ねます → ね
でます → で
Irregular
しますdo/play & きますcome
します
きます
Potential (can)
できます
こられます
Conditional (if)
すれば
くれば
Strong order (do it!)
しろ!
こい!
Questions
Verbs in え form usually
end with which sound?
Give some examples.
え(-e) sound
e.g. け、せ、ね、れ、め・・・
Which three meanings is
え form used to express?
Potential/Ability (can)
Conditional (if)
Strong Order (Do it!)
When making a verb into
え form, what do you need
to consider first? How do
you find it out?
Which group the verb falls into.
Group 2 if
• only one Hiragana in front of ます.
• -eます
Group 1 if
• -iます
Irregular if します or きます(come)
Questions
What is its え form?
かいます
かえ
たべます
たべ
たちます
たて
わすれます
わすれ
のります
のれ
あけます
あけ
のみます
のめ
ききます
きけ
みます
み
かきます
かけ
でます
で
はなします
はなせ
ねます
ね
いきますgo いけ
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