CNI Spring Meeting
Washington, D.C.
5 April 2005
The Global Reach of Electronic
Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
Edward A. Fox, fox@vt.edu
Digital Library Research Laboratory, Dept. of CS
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
http://fox.cs.vt.edu/talks/2005/
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http://fox.cs.vt.edu
Acknowledgements: Support
• Selected Sponsors: Adobe, AOL,
CAPES, CNI, CONACyT, DFG, IBM,
Microsoft, NDLTD, NSF (IIS-9986089,
0086227, 0080748, 0325579; ITR0325579; DUE-0121679, 0136690,
0121741, 0333601), OCLC, SOLINET,
SUN, SURA, UNESCO, US Dept. Ed.
(FIPSE), VTLS
Outline
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Introduction, Context
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
ETD Support and Services
NDLTD
Institutional Repositories
Research
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Information Life Cycle
Authoring
Modifying
Using
Creating
Retention
/ Mining
Organizing
Indexing
Accessing
Filtering
Storing
Retrieving
Distributing
Networking
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What are we doing?
• Aiding universities to enhance
graduate education, publishing and
IPR efforts
• Helping improve the availability and
content of theses and dissertations
• Educating ALL future scholars so they
can publish electronically and
effectively use digital libraries (i.e., are
Information Literate and can be more
expressive)
Library Goals
• Improve library services
–Better turn-around time
–Always available
• Reduce work
–catalog from e-text
–eliminate handling: mailing to
ProQuest, bindery prep, checkout, check-in, reshelving, etc.
• Save space
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A Digital Library Case Study
• Domain: graduate
education, research
• Genre:ETDs=electronic
theses & dissertations
• Submission:
http://etd.vt.edu
• Collection:
http://www.theses.org
Project:
Networked Digital
Library of Theses
& Dissertations
(NDLTD)
http://www.ndltd.org
NDLTD: How can a
university get involved?
• Select planning/implementation team
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Graduate School
Library
Computing / Information Technology
Institutional Research / Educ. Tech.
• Join online, give us contact names
– www.ndltd.org/join
• Adapt Virginia Tech or other proven approach
– Build interest and consensus
– Start trial / allow optional submission
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Student Gets Committee
Signatures and Submits ETD
Signed
Grad School
Library Catalogs ETD, Access is
Opened to the New Research
WWW
NDLTD
Q u ic k T im e ™ a n d a
Cin e p a k d e c o m p r e s s o r
a r e n e e d e d t o s e e t h is p ic t u r e .
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-2227102539751141/
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ETD Union Collection (OAI)
VIRTUA
ODL (VT)
Future: recommender, …
Merged Metadata
Collection
LEGEND
OAI Data Provider
Virginia
Tech ETD
Archive
OCLC
ETD
Archive
Brazil
ETD
Archive
…
OAI Service Provider
OAI Harvesting
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Union catalog: OCLC
• OCLC will expand OAI data provider on
TDs.
• Is getting data from WorldCat (so, from
many sites!).
• Will harvest from all others who contact
them.
• Need DC and either ETD-MS or MARC.
• Has a set for ETDs.
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OCLC SRU Interface
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Example Open Digital Library
Document
Document
ETD-1
1010100101
1010100101
0100101010
1010100101
0100101010
1001010101
0100101010
1001010101
0101010101
1001010101
0101010101
0101010101
ODLRecent
Recent
USER INTERFACE
ODLUnion
PMH
Filter
PMH
ODLUnion
Browse
Union
PMH
ODLBrowse
ODLUnion
PMH
Filter
PMH
Search
ODLSearch
Students and
researchers
Program
Program
ETD-2
1010100101
1010100101
0100101010
1010100101
0100101010
1001010101
0100101010
1001010101
0101010101
1001010101
0101010101
0101010101
ETD DL for the Networked Digital
Library of Theses and Dissertations
(www.ndltd.org)
Image
Image
ETD-3
1010100101
1010100101
0100101010
1010100101
0100101010
1001010101
0100101010
1001010101
0101010101
1001010101
0101010101
0101010101
Video
Video
ETD-4
1010100101
1010100101
0100101010
1010100101
0100101010
1001010101
0100101010
1001010101
0101010101
1001010101
0101010101
0101010101
ETD collections
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ETD Union Search Mirror Site in China (CALIS)
(http://ndltd.calis.edu.cn – popular site!)
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VTLS Union Catalog
Content Languages

The VTLS NDLTD Union Catalog has data in 6
different languages. These are:
 English
 German
 Greek
 Korean
 Portuguese
 Spanish

Examples follow
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Language = German; hits = 137
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Full record display
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UNESCO and ETDs
(by Axel Plathe at ETD2003)
• Promoting the use of the Internet as a tool for disseminating
scientific knowledge
• Facilitating the transfer of ETD expertise from developed to
developing countries
• 1998: Member of the NDLTD Steering Committee
• 1999: First UNESCO ETD meeting on ETD
internationalisation
• 2002: “UNESCO Guide to Electronic Theses and
Dissertations”
• 2003: Model training programmes and training courses
• 2003: Sponsor pilot projects
• 2003: Pilot projects (Africa, Europe, Latin-America)
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NDLTD Incorporation
• Networked Digital Library of Theses and
Dissertations incorporated May 20, 2003 in
Virginia, USA
• Charitable and educational purposes (501 c 3)
• Officers
– Executive Director (Ed Fox)
– Secretary (Gail McMillan)
– Treasurer (Scott Eldredge)
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Board of Directors
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Suzie Allard (ETD 2004, U. Kentucky)
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Denise A. D. Bedford (World Bank)
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Julia C. Blixrud (ARL, SPARC)
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José Luis Borbinha (Natl Lib Portugal)
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Alex Byrne (ETD 2005, ADT: Australia) •
Tony Cargnelutti (ETD 2005, Australia) •
Vinod Chachra (VTLS)
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Susan Copeland (RGU, UK)
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Jude Edminster (Bowling Green St. U.) •
Scott Eldredge (Treasurer, ETD 2002,
BYU)
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Edward A. Fox (Exec Director,Virginia Tech)
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John H. Hagen (West Virginia U.)
Thomas B. Hickey (OCLC)
Christine Jewell (U. Waterloo, Canada) •
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Delphine Lewis (ProQuest)
Joan K. Lippincott (CNI)
Mike Looney (Adobe)
Gail McMillan (Secretary, Virginia Tech)
Joseph Moxley (ETD 2000, USF)
Eva Müller (U. Uppsala, Sweden)
Ana Pavani (PUC Rio, Brazil)
Axel Plathe (UNESCO, Paris)
Sharon Reeves (National Library
Canada)
Peter Schirmbacher (ETD 2003,
Humboldt)
Hussein Suleman (U.Cape Town, S.
Africa)
Shalini R. Urs (U. Mysore, India)
Eric F. Van de Velde (ETD 2001,
Caltech)
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NDLTD Committees (Chairs)
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Awards (John Hagen)
Conferences (Tony Cargnelutti)
Development (Peter Schirmbacher)
Executive (Edward Fox)
Finance (Scott Eldredge)
Implementation (Ana Pavani)
Membership (Shalini Urs)
Nominating (Sharon Reeves)
Standards (Thomas B. Hickey)
Union Catalog (Vinod Chachra)
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Selected Projects / Sponsors
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Australia (ADT)
Brazil (BDT, IBICT)
Canada
Catalunya
Chile (Cybertesis)
Germany
India (Vidyanidhi)
Korea
OhioLINK: 79
colleges/univs
• Portugal (National
Library)
• South Africa
• UK (British Library,
JISC, Edinburgh, …)
• UNESCO (especially
Latin America,
Eastern Europe,
Africa)
• Venezuela
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Some Countries
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Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
Chile
China, Hong Kong
Columbia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
India
Italy
Jamaica
Korea
Lithuania
Malaysia
Mexico
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Namibia
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Russia
Singapore
S. Africa
S. Korea
Spain
Sudan
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
UK
USA
Venezuela
Yugoslavia
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Some Institutional Members
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British Library
Cinemedia
Coalition for Networked Information (CNI)
Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC)
Consorci de Biblioteques Universitàries de Catalunya
Diplomica.com
Dissertation.com
Dissertationen Online (Germany)
ETDweb, a Division of Answer4.com
Ibero-American Science & Technology Education
Consortium (ISTEC)
National Documentation Centre (NDC), Greece
National Library of Portugal (for all universities)
OCLC Online Computer Library Center
OhioLINK
Organization of American States (SEDI/OAS)
Southeastern Library Network (SOLINET)
UNESCO (www.unesco.org/webworld/etd)
Why ETD? Short Answer
• For Students:
– Gain knowledge and skills for the Information Age
– Richer communication (digital information, multimedia, …)
• For Universities:
– Easy way to enter the digital library field and benefit
thereby
• For the World:
– Global digital library – large, useful, many services
• General:
– Save time and money
– Increased visibility for all associated with research results
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Institutional Repositories - 1
• “Institutional repositories are digital
collections that capture and preserve the
intellectual output of a single university or
a multiple institution community of colleges
and universities.”
• Crow, R. “Institutional repository checklist
and resource guide”, SPARC, Washington,
D.C., USA
• www.arl.org/sparc/IR/IR_Guide_v1.pdf
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Institutional Repositories - 2
• “A university-based institutional repository is a set
of services that a university offers to the members
of its community for the management and
dissemination of digital materials created by the
institution and its community members. It is most
essentially an organizational commitment to the
stewardship of these digital materials, including
long-term preservation where appropriate, as well
as organization and access or distribution.”
• Lynch, C.A. In ARL Bimonthly Report 226, pp. 1-7,
Feb. 2003, www.arl.org/newsltr/226/ir.html
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What is a Digital Object
Repository?
Also called: digital rep., digital asset rep.,
institutional repository
Stores and maintains digital objects (assets)
Provides external interface for Digital
Objects
Creation, Modification, Access
Enforces access policies
Provides for content type disseminations
Adapted from Slide by V. Chachra, VTLS
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Goals of Institutional Repositories
(by Steven Harnad, U. Southampton)
 Self Archiving of Institutional Research
Thesis and Dissertations (VTLS NDLTD Project)
Article preprints and post prints
Internal documents and maps
 Management of digital collections
 Preservation of materials – decentralized approach
 Housing of teaching materials
 Electronic Publishing of journals, books, posters,
maps, audio, video and other multimedia objects
Adapted from Slide by V. Chachra, VTLS
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Research: Connect w. LOCKSS
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Lots of copies keep stuff safe
Stanford (Vicky Reich)
Initial focus on lower levels
Initial content: journals
Emory (Martin Halbert)
– Help deploy and adapt
– Help apply in other contexts
• Another registry
• Set of publisher manifests (information providers)
• Set of storage systems (archival storage)
– Helping us explore connection with ETDs
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Other Research:
Cluster NDLTD-Computing
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Summary
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Introduction, Context
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
ETD Support and Services
NDLTD
Institutional Repositories
Research
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