Manufacturing
How are products made in the
factory?
What is Quality Assurance
and Quality Control?
Methods of manufacturing
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One off production – only making one item to the
customers specification ie. Wedding cake.
Batch production – making identical products when a
certain quantity is required. 1000 cheese pasties
followed by 1000 ham and onion pasties. Products can
be made according to demand.
Mass production – the process is divided into stages.
Workers learn the part of the manufacturing process
and become very skilled. The production line can be
varied from day to day. E.g. Vanilla Swiss Roll
Continuous production – A production line is set up and
produces good continuously, often 24 hrs a day and 7
days a week – e.g. coca cola cans
Pasta Manufacture
Mass production
Pasta Manufacture
Mass Production
How can a factory maintain quality?
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Quality Assurance – this is
concerned with the overall
standard of quality of the
factory processes. It involves
everyone in the business, from
lab technicians to clerical staff.
It should include:-
• Raw material specifications
• Suitability of the suppliers
• Recipe information
• Manufacturing methods
• In-put, process specifications and
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feedback for control
Appropriate storage
Distribution and recall control
systems
Quality Control
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This is part of the quality assurance.
It involves sampling and testing a
product as it is being made, to
ensure it fits within the designated
tolerances. QC can take the form
of:• Weight checks- under or over-weights are
rejected.
• Visual checks for checking condition of
food, seal etc.
• Computer monitoring for colour / shape
• Organoleptic – tasting and smelling, sensory
testing on delivery and final product.
• Inspection for quality to match the
specification
• Chemical analysis – samples tested for
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chemical contamination and nutritional
analysis.
Microbiological analysis – testing for
bacteria.
Temperature – at various stages from
delivery to cooking temperatures, often
using probes.
Metal detectors – identify any metal from
machinery etc.
TQM – Total Quality Management
JIT - Just in time stock control
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TQM
This involves all
workers in the quality
assurance
procedures. Each
stage of the
manufacturing
process is checked by
the next section on
the line.
Quorn
manufacture
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JIT
This is a system
which orders stock to
arrive for when and
where it is needed.
It prevents the
unnecessary use of
storage space and
staff required to
monitor the safe
storage of
commodities
Exam Questions
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Describe (giving reasons )your choice
of method for the manufacture of
Ravioli. 6 marks
Describe 3 quality control checks
which would be carried out during
production. 3 marks
Explain Write a definition of TQM and
JIT 4marks.