Chapter Three Review The English Colony Edition (2013) AP Students you are responsible for all the slides. **Regular Program Students you are only responsible for the questions with a **(70 questions). Be sure to study all those questions and the short answer and prepare your Open Response in advance!!!! **1. Why was the Toleration Act of 1649 significant to America’s development? A. It proved that conflicts over beliefs about God can be solved once-and-for-all by human beings. B. It provided an example of how a representative democracy can pass laws in a fair and just manner. C. It symbolized the American value of protecting the freedom of individuals and minority groups. D. It stopped all conflicts between Catholics and Protestants and united them as American patriots. C. It symbolized the American value of protecting the freedom of individuals and minority groups. **2. Why did the population of Jamestown plummet between 1609 and the spring of 1610? A. Infertile soil caused many settlers to seek better farmland in the middle colonies. B. A combination of famine, disease, and a harsh winter killed many in the colony. C. The London Company closed the settlement because it wasn’t making a profit. D. The Algonquian Indians attacked and burned down much of the colony. B. A combination of famine, disease, and a harsh winter killed many in the colony. **3. Which was a factor in the Virginia colonists’ decision to use slave labor? a. They could purchase more land if they put more slaves to work. b. The cost of purchasing slaves had fallen dramatically. c. There had not been a significant slave rebellion in the northern colonies. d. There were not enough indentured servants to meet the high demand for workers. d. There were not enough indentured servants to meet the high demand for workers. **4. The Mayflower Compact could best be described as a. a detailed list of reasons why the Pilgrims left England for the United States. b. a trade contract between Great Britain and merchants in the Virginia colony. c. an early attempt at self-government in the English colonies. d. a basic agreement requiring colonists to obey Virginia law. c. an early attempt at selfgovernment in the English colonies. **5. Which statement is TRUE of the Southern colonies in the late 1600s? a. The important cash crops were tobacco, rice, and indigo. b. African servants lived separately from white indentured servants. c. Skilled craftspeople were essential to the economy. d. There were many large factories and industries on the farms of the South a. The important cash crops were tobacco, rice, and indigo. **6. How were the middle colonies different from the northern and southern colonies? a. Generous land grants and religious tolerance brought people to the middle colonies. b. Many of the colonists were there for the fur trading business c. There were a lot of minerals in the ground for use by jewelers d. Most colonists there suffered religious persecution. a. Generous land grants and religious tolerance brought people to the middle colonies. **7. In large part, who filled the growing labor needs of the economy of the middle colonies? a. b. c. d. Slaves Apprentices Indentured servants Skilled craftsmen c. Indentured servants **8. What product was so valuable in the South, that it was sometimes used as money? a. Corn b. Wheat c. Tobacco d. Rice c. Tobacco **9. What was the objective of the English Bill of Rights? a. to limit the power of the English Parliament b. to reduce the power of the English Monarch c. to end the taxation of colonies without their consent d. to require colonists to trade only with England b. to reduce the power of the English Monarch **10. What was the Great Awakening? a. a movement of thinkers who believed in the idea that reason and logic could improve social and political life b. the migration of thousands of English people to the New England colonies and the Caribbean islands c. the series of witchcraft trials in which groups of young girls accused church ministers of casting spells d. a religious movement that swept through the colonies and changed colonial religion, society, and politics d. a religious movement that swept through the colonies and changed colonial religion, society, and politics **11. From the late 1600s to the early 1700s, colonists did all of the following to undermine British restrictions on trade, EXCEPT a. complain to representatives of the Crown. b. smuggle sugar, molasses, and rum into the colonies. c. trade with plantation owners in the West Indies. d. charge taxes on goods exported to England. d. charge taxes on goods exported to England. **12. What was the turning point of the French and Indian War? a. British victory at Quebec b. Colonial victory at Toronto c. French victory at New Orleans d. Spanish victory at New York a. British victory at Quebec **13. What was the purpose of the series of Navigation Acts passed by Parliament between 1650 and 1696? a. to require colonists to do their trading only with England b. to establish duties, or taxes, on items exported to the colonies c. to benefit the colonists by promoting a spirit of free trade d. to give England freedom to buy and sell goods in any market a. to require colonists to do their trading only with England **14. Which of the following colonies was established as a debtor’s colony? a. Georgia b. Virginia c. Rhode Island d. Delaware a. Georgia **15. Which of the following churches did the Puritans want to purify or reform? a. Catholic Church b. Anglican Church c. Mormon Church d. Presbyterian Church b. Anglican Church **16. The first attempt at an English colony on the North American continent was at ? a. Massachusetts Bay b. Roanoke c. Plymouth d. Chesapeake Bay b. Roanoke **17. Why were joint-stock companies a good way of financing new colonies in North America? a. This type of financing guaranteed that the colony would be a success and make a profit for the investors. b. Groups of people invested in the new colonies reducing the amount of loss if the colony did not make it, but also reducing the profit if the colony brings in a lot of income c. The investors never had to worry about losing their investment. d. All of these choices b. Groups of people invested in the new colonies reducing the amount of loss if the colony did not make it, but also reducing the profit if the colony brings in a lot of income **18. Families in New England often sent their young sons off to learn skilled trades such as printing, shipbuilding, weaving, blacksmithing, etc. from experienced workers. Which of the following is what these young men were known as? a. Novices b. Journeymen c. Apprentices d. Craftsmen c. Apprentices **19. Which of the following was the colony that was founded as a religious refuge for Quakers? a. Maryland b. Plymouth c. Pennsylvania d. Rhode Island c. Pennsylvania **20. The group in Massachusetts that was most like the Virginia House of Burgesses was called the a. Virginia Company of Plymouth b. New England Way c. Massachusetts Bay Company d. General Court d. General Court **21. Who brought the first enslaved Africans to Virginia in 1619? a. the French b. the English c. the Germans d. the Dutch d. the Dutch **22. What was a person called that signed a contract to work four to seven for someone, in return for a free journey to the Americas? a. a slave b. a plantationeer c. an indentured servant d. an encomienda c. an indentured servant **23. In order to provide law and order in their colony, the Pilgrims signed an agreement known as the a. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut b. House of Burgesses c. Mayflower Compact d. Magna Carta c. Mayflower Compact **24. The Toleration Act of 1649 made it a crime to restrict the religious freedom of a. Slaves b. Christians c. Muslims d. Indentured servants b. Christians **25. A person who leaves a country they were born in to move to another country is a. an alien b. a smuggler c. an intruder d. an immigrant d. an immigrant **26. The massive exodus of 40,000 people from England to the Caribbean Islands and New England between 1629 and 1640 was called a. the Middle Passage b. the Glorious Revolution c. the Great Migration d. the Gargantuan Immigration c. the Great Migration **27. The exchange of rum, sugar, molasses, and slaves between Africa, the West Indies, and New England was known as a. smuggling b. the Middle Passage c. triangular trade d. slave trade c. triangular trade **28. Which early colonial region had almost no large cities? a. the New England Colonies b. the Southern Colonies c. the Middle Colonies d. all of the above b. the Southern Colonies **29. Which of the following means a two-house legislature? a. Cameral b. Bicameral c. Unicameral d. Polycameral b. Bicameral **30. Which of the following is considered by many historians to be the “Father of American Democracy”? a. Roger Williams b. John White c. Thomas Hooker d. Samuel Adams c. Thomas Hooker **31. In which colonial region was agriculture the MOST important? a. the New England Colonies b. the Southern Colonies c. the Middle Colonies d. All of these choices b. the Southern Colonies **32. Which of the following did King George III of England issue to stop the colonial settlers from moving into what had been traditional Native American lands? a. The Townshend Acts 1766 b. The Proclamation of 1763 c. The Issuance of 1767 d. The Declaration of 1773 b. The Proclamation of 1763 **33. Who founded the colony of Rhode Island after being told to leave Massachusetts because of his criticism of their way of doing things? a. John Rolfe b. George Calvert c. Thomas Hooker d. Roger Williams d. Roger Williams **34. Which of the following is the oldest college or university established in the English colonies? a. Yale b. Harvard c. Brown d. William and Mary b. Harvard **35. What was the name of the economic system that England and many other European countries practiced during colonial times by creating and maintaining wealth through carefully controlled trade? a. Capitalism b. Monetary c. Free enterprise d. Mercantilism d. Mercantilism **36. What were enslaved Africans who were transported to the West Indies as a part of the Middle Passage of Triangular Trade exchanged for? a. Rum and Iron b. Guns and tobacco c. Gold and Silver d. Sugar and Molasses d. Sugar and Molasses **37. What was the movement which took place during the 1700s in which the idea that reason and logic could improve society? a. The Brightening b. The Enlightenment c. The Scientific Method d. The Great Experiment b. The Enlightenment **38. Who was the English philosopher that believed people had natural rights such as equality and liberty? a. Benjamin Franklin b. Jonathan Edwards c. Socrates d. John Locke d. John Locke **39. What was considered to be the center of politics in New England? a. The Town Meeting b. The Plantation Owners c. The General Court d. The House of Burgesses a. The Town Meeting **40. In which colony did the General Court order that a school be founded in every township of 50 families? a. Connecticut b. Rhode Island c. Maryland d. Massachusetts d. Massachusetts **41. What was brought to the Americas from Africa on the second leg of Triangular Trade? a. Rum b. Sugar c. Slaves d. Iron c. Slaves **42. Which of the following regions of colonies was united under one government, led by Sir Edmund Andros in 1686, because King James II wanted more control over the English government and began with the Dominion of a. The Southern Colonies b. The New England Colonies c. The Middle Colonies d. English Colonies b. The New England Colonies **43. What was the journey across the Atlantic Ocean from West Africa to the West Indies or the American colonies called? a. Triangular Trade b. Great Awakening c. African Diaspora d. Middle Passage d. Middle Passage **44. Which of the colonial regions had the greatest amount of diversity among its citizens? a. Southern Colonies b. New England Colonies c. Middle Colonies d. Backcountry c. Middle Colonies **45. Why was King Philip’s War fought in North America? a. King Philip was upset about France’s actions in the Midwest b. King Philip was upset about Portugal’s actions in the Ohio Valley region c. King Philip was upset about Spain’s actions in the Southern Colonies d. King Philip was upset about the English colonists wishes to take Indian land d. King Philip was upset about the English colonists wishes to take Indian land **46. Why didn’t French want the British moving into the Ohio River Valley in the mid-1700s? a. They didn’t want to give up control of the Ohio River travel b. They did not want the British moving into the area and endangering their fur trade c. They felt that the British would upset the Spanish who were sharing the area with the French d. They thought that the British would keep colonists from moving into the area which would hurt the French merchant’s business b. They did not want the British moving into the area and endangering their fur trade **47. What important freedom came about when John Peter Zenger was found not guilty in his trial brought about for printing a false statement that damaged the reputation of the governor of New York? a. Freedom of Religion b. Freedom of the Press c. Freedom of Speech d. Freedom of Politicians b. Freedom of the Press **48. What were the purpose of slave codes? a. to protect slaves from abuse b. to list where slaves could travel to c. to control the slaves d. to give slaves a secret language they could communicate in c. to control the slaves **49. Why was Pontiac’s Rebellion fought in 1763? a. He was upset about Ford moving into the area b. He was mad that his sister had married the tobacco inventor John Rolfe c. He was extremely upset about the increased taxes by the English Parliament d. He was against the British settlements into the areas known as the Backcountry or the Ohio River Valley d. He was against the British settlements into the areas known as the Backcountry or the Ohio River Valley **50. Which of the following were the two main reasons that Bacon’s Rebellion began? a. Policies toward Native Americans and higher taxes b. The Tea Act and the Stamp Act c. Native American attacks and lack of clean drinking water d. That the Native Americans had become allies with the French and they were not sharing their food a. Policies toward Native Americans and higher taxes **51. What occurred during the early 1690s in Salem, Massachusetts that led to the death of 19 people? a. Native American attacks on Salem and abuse toward them by colonists b. The poisoning of food by some of the colonists killing 19 Native American children c. Trials involving witchcraft with many being found guilty and 19 put to death d. Fires which had been set purposely to try and burn Salem down with 19 people dying c. Trials involving witchcraft with many being found guilty and 19 put to death **52. What was the first permanent English colony in North America? a. Plymouth b. Jamestown c. Roanoke d. Providence b. Jamestown **53. What was the first representative assembly found in the English Colonies that was established in 1619? a. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut b. The Mayflower Compact c. The House of Burgesses d. General Court c. The House of Burgesses **54. James Oglethorpe had this vision for Georgia with it having an economy based upon a. tobacco farming b. small independent farming c. plantation farming d. cash crop farming b. small independent farming **55. Which of the following was NOT part of the Treaty of Paris of 1763, which ended the French and Indian War? a. France gave all of Canada to the British b. Britain received the Ohio River Valley from France c. All lands east of the Mississippi except for New Orleans was given to the British by the French d. Britain received Florida from Spain which had allied with the French in an earlier treaty b. Britain received the Ohio River Valley from France **56. The Native Americans trusted which of the following groups the most? a. French b. English c. Spanish d. Portuguese a. French **57. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the colonies of Jamestown and Plymouth? a. Native Americans helped both colonies to survive b. Both colonies were started for religious reasons c. At least half of the first colonists at each place died from diseases d. Some self-government existed in each of these colonies b. Both colonies were started for religious reasons **58. Which of the following is true about the colonies at Jamestown, Plymouth, and Massachusetts Bay? a. All of these colonies were financed by jointstock companies b. The settlers in all of these colonies spent their time searching for gold c. These colonies were all owned by the colonists themselves d. All three of these colonies were Royal Colonies a. All of these colonies were financed by jointstock companies **59. Which was NOT a reason why fishing and trade became important economic activities in New England? a. It was difficult for New Englanders to grow enough crops to make a living. b. Some of the world's best fishing grounds were off New England's coast. c. The Middle Passage brought enslaved Africans to New England's cities to be sold. d. The wood from New England's forests made excellent ships. c. The Middle Passage brought enslaved Africans to New England's cities to be sold. **60. Why was farming NOT as profitable in New England as it was in the Middle and Southern Colonies a. New England’s soil was poorer b. New England’s growing season was shorter c. New England’s farms were smaller d. All of these choices d. All of these choices **61. Which of the following was a Separatist group that left England wanting to escape religious persecution in the early 1600s? a. Puritans b. Pinheads c. Pirates d. Pilgrims d. Pilgrims **62. Which of the following were NOT part of the Navigation Acts? a. That all slaves coming to the colonies had to first be offered to England b. That all shipping had to be done in English ships or ships made in the English colonies c. That goods such as cotton, tobacco, wood and sugar could only be traded or sold to England d. Europeans imports had to pass through English ports so a duty or tax could be placed on the goods. a. That all slaves coming to the colonies had to first be offered to England **63. What did the colonies of New Jersey and Pennsylvania have in common? a. Additional colonies was found from land in each of these colonies b. Each colony was owned by a joint-stock company from England c. Each colony had major trouble with Native Americans that prevented the colonies from growing d. Both colonies granted religious freedom to the people who lived there d. Both colonies granted religious freedom to the people who lived there **64. Why did many English Catholics come to America in the 1600s? A. to found a proprietary colony in a southern region of the New World B. to provide assistance to Catholic countries such as France and Spain C. to protest England’s separation from the Roman Catholic Church D. to escape a kingdom that did not allow them to worship freely D. to escape a kingdom that did not allow them to worship freely **65. The staple crops that supported the middle colonists included a. b. c. d. corn, tomatoes, and tobacco. wheat, oats, and barley. corn, indigo, and tobacco. wheat, rice, and barley. b. wheat, oats, and barley. **66. Which of the following original colonies later split into two separate colonies in 1712? a. Georgia b. Virginia c. Dakota d. Carolina d. Carolina **67. In order to try and keep peace with the Powhatan Indians, John Rolfe married the Powhatan chief’s daughter a. Sacagawea b. Jesisia c. Pocahontas d. Hiawatha c. Pocahontas **68. For what group of people was the colony of Maryland established for? a. Catholics b. Mormons c. Quakers d. Christians a. Catholics **69. What was most of the South’s economy based upon? a. Manufacturing b. Mining c. Distilling d. Agriculture d. Agriculture **70. Which of the following insects filled the marshes near Jamestown killing more than two-thirds of the colonies original settlers? a. b. c. d. Flies Bees Mosquitoes Lice c. Mosquitoes 71. How did the Powhatan Confederacy help the Jamestown colonists? A. The Powhatan showed the colonists how to build better housing with adobe. B. The Powhatan taught the colonists how to grow North American crops such as corn. C. The Powhatan worked as indentured servants on plantations and farms. D. The Powhatan introduced a rare kind of tobacco that became popular in England. B. The Powhatan taught the colonists how to grow North American crops such as corn. 72. How did the London Company’s “headright system” work? A. It encouraged colonists to move to Virginia by giving 50 acres of land per person to individuals and groups who paid their own way. B. It invited colonists to bring servants and relatives to Virginia by discounting fares for every additional person brought from England. C. It motivated colonists to stay in Virginia by promising 50 acres of land to anyone who devoted ten years to plantation work. D. It attracted farmers, carpenters, and hunters to Virginia by paying their way and guaranteeing them work. A. It encouraged colonists to move to Virginia by giving 50 acres of land per person to individuals and groups who paid their own way. 73. Which quotation best expresses the point of view of a New England colonist on education? a. “All children need to learn to read, write, and do arithmetic.” b. “All children need to be able to read the Bible.” c. “Trade is important to our community, which means people have to be able to make simple calculations.” d. “Only a literate community can keep a record of its successes and failures for the benefit of future generations.” b. “All children need to be able to read the Bible.” 74. Anne Hutchinson believed that people could have a relationship with God without guidance from ministers. Why did that belief anger Puritan church leaders? a. Her idea challenged their views on religious toleration. b. Her idea posed a threat to their authority in the community. c. They didn’t believe that women should serve as ministers. d. They were certain she was a witch who should be put on trial. b. Her idea posed a threat to their authority in the community. 75. What contribution did slaves make to the economy of the middle colonies? a. They planted and harvested cash crops in the rocky soil. b. They worked in cities at skilled crafts such as blacksmithing and carpentry. c. They helped women run clothing and grocery shops. d. They earned money for their owners by selling products such as butter. b. They worked in cities at skilled crafts such as blacksmithing and carpentry. 76. How did trade support the economy of the middle colonies? a. Merchants traded indigo from Pennsylvania for barley and oats from the South. b. Merchants sold dried corn and corn meal grown in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. c. Merchants imported large quantities of molasses from Britain and the West Indies. d. Merchants in Philadelphia and New York City exported wheat to foreign markets. d. Merchants in Philadelphia and New York City exported wheat to foreign markets. 77. What town was burned to the ground during Bacon’s Rebellion? a. b. c. d. Jamestown Charles Town Plymouth Philadelphia a. Jamestown 78. George Calvert, who helped establish the colony of Maryland, was also known as a. Duke of York b. Prince of Proprietor c. Lord Baltimore d. Prince Henry c. Lord Baltimore 79. What was the name of the ship that left England on September 16, 1620 with many Pilgrims on it headed toward Virginia, but later landed way North of that spot? a. Nina b. Pinta c. Mayflower d. Santa Maria c. Mayflower 80. Which of the following treaties ended the French and Indian War? a. The Treaty of Ghent b. The Treaty of Paris c. The Treaty of Rome d. The Treaty of London b. The Treaty of Paris 81. The high-grade tobacco that the Jamestown colonists learned to grow and sell for a profit, was first developed by a. John White b. John Rolfe c. John Wayne d. John Smith b. John Rolfe 82. What minister left Massachusetts and helped begin another New England colony called Connecticut? a. Roger Williams b. Thomas Hooker c. John Winthrop d. George Whitefield b. Thomas Hooker 83. Which group did NOT participate in New England’s early economy? a. merchants b. shipbuilders c. manufacturers d. fisherman c. Manufacturers 84. After the English took over New Netherland from the Dutch, who became the colony’s new proprietor? a. King Charles of Worcestershire b. Lord of Holland c. Prince Paul of Patoka d. Duke of York d. Duke of York 85. Roger Williams granted freedom of religion to Quakers and other religious groups who settled in which of the following colonies? a. Connecticut b. Rhode Island c. New York d. New Jersey b. Rhode Island 86. Samoset and what other Native American helped the Pilgrims learn the skills they needed to survive during their first year in the new colony? a. Pocahontas b. Squanto c. Sacagawea d. Silvermoon b. Squanto 87. Which of the following economic activities did the most people of the New England Colonies participate in? a. Farming b. Manufacturing c. Fishing d. Trade a. Farming 88. Which people began the colony of New Netherland? a. English b. Spanish c. Dutch d. French c. Dutch 89. Another name for people known as Society of Friends is a. Catholics b. Quakers c. Baptists d. Puritans b. Quakers 90. Who was the leader of the Puritan group that left England for Massachusetts in 1630? a. Benjamin Franklin b. John Peter Zenger c. John Winthrop d. Roger Williams c. John Winthrop 91. What city did William Penn name that meant, “city of brotherly love”? a. Pittsburg b. Philadelphia c. Providence d. Plymouth b. Philadelphia 92. Which of the following Native American groups helped the settlers survive at Jamestown? a. Inuit b. Powhatan c. Cherokee d. Iroquois b. Powhatan 93. Who was the Wampanoag chief whose tribe helped the settlers survive at Plymouth? a. Pocahontas b. Crazy Horse c. Hiawatha d. Massasoit d. Massasoit 94. Where did women have the most legal rights? a. Southern Colonies b. Middle Colonies c. New England Colonies d. England c. New England Colonies 95. The defeat of a young officer named George Washington at this fort began the French and Indian War. a. Fort Ticonderoga b. Fort Necessity c. Fort Sumter d. Fort Destination b. Fort Necessity **SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS– Name the Four New England Colonies a) __________________________________ b) ____________________________________ c) __________________________________ d) ____________________________________ Name the Four Middle Colonies. a) __________________________________ b) ____________________________________ c) __________________________________ d) ____________________________________ Name the Five Southern Colonies. a) __________________________________ b) ____________________________________ c) __________________________________ d) ____________________________________ e) __________________________________ Name the Four New England Colonies. a) Connecticut b) Rhode Island c) Massachusetts - (Pilgrims-Plymouth) (Puritans-Salem) d) New Hampshire Name the Four Middle Colonies. a) New York b) New Jersey c) Pennsylvania d) Delaware Name the Five Southern Colonies. a) Virginia - Jamestown b) Georgia c) Maryland d) South Carolina e) North Carolna **OPEN RESPONSE QUESTION – Prepare your answer in advance so you will be ready for the test on Wednesday. You and your family are leaving Europe and moving to America. You are moving during the colonization period between the years of 1605 and 1770. You need to make a decision about which of the three colonial regions you are moving to. Are you choosing the New England, Southern or Middle Colonies? A. Choose a colonial region. B. Give detailed information and reasons why you have chosen the region that you did. Your answer should include at least SIX of the following; location, geography, climate, economy, social life, education, religion and government.